Medicine, Conflict and Survival最新文献_第10页

Hugs, intensive discussions, exchange of experiences and activism. That's what an IPPNW meeting is about. 拥抱、深入讨论、经验交流和行动主义。这就是IPPNW会议的目的。

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2188675

Kati Juva

{"title":"Hugs, intensive discussions, exchange of experiences and activism. That's what an IPPNW meeting is about.","authors":"Kati Juva","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2023.2188675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2023.2188675","url":null,"abstract":"IPPNW (International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War) is a worldwide organization of physicians and medical students with national a!liates in over 30 countries. It was founded over 40 years ago and is one of the few international NGOs with active members in all the original nuclear weapons states including Russia. IPPNW’s European region had an intensive and successful meeting in Hamburg on 20–22 January 2023 organized by the German a!liate. We were over 40 people from around Europe representing 11 di\"erent countries. It was also possible to attend some sessions virtually. Discussion was mainly about the rising threat of nuclear war due to the current war in Ukraine. The Russian government has raised the possibility of using nuclear weapons in Ukraine and the risk of a nuclear war is now greater than it has been for decades. A great worry is also that the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, Zaporižžja, is occupied by Russian forces and there is constant $ghting around that area. This situation could result in a nuclear accident even without use of nuclear warheads. We also discussed the causes of the war in Ukraine and were unanimous about the Russian government’s sole guilt for the unlawful invasion of Ukraine. There was somewhat more variation in opinion as to whether the ‘west’ has some responsibility for not understanding the security worries of Russia, and whether, with some more diplomatic or careful actions during the last decade the escalation could have been avoided. These discussions were very interesting, and the atmosphere was all the time respectful with people listening to each other. We did not publish any statement on this. As most countries represented in Hamburg were NATO countries, or applicants as Finland and Sweden are, there was much discussion about nuclear weapons and nuclear sharing in European NATO countries. NATO de$nes itself as a Nuclear Alliance and bases its doctrine on deterrence. For us","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 2","pages":"114-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10008088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health status of internally displaced persons in the Garmian region of Kurdistan, Iraq: a cross-sectional survey. 伊拉克库尔德斯坦加尔米安地区境内流离失所者的心理健康状况:一项横断面调查。

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2188384

Pegah Ali-Mardan Seidi, Dilshad Jaff, Nazdar Qudrat Abas, Esther O Chung, Michael W Wilson, Hannah Potter, Aunchalee E L Palmquist

{"title":"Mental health status of internally displaced persons in the Garmian region of Kurdistan, Iraq: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Pegah Ali-Mardan Seidi, Dilshad Jaff, Nazdar Qudrat Abas, Esther O Chung, Michael W Wilson, Hannah Potter, Aunchalee E L Palmquist","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2023.2188384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2023.2188384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are an estimated 4 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Iraq, mainly settled in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and yet few studies have documented the mental health of IDPs in the region. The aims of this study were (1) to assess the prevalence of mental health disorders and trauma experiences amongst IDPs and (2) to explore associations between prior displacement and years living in the camp and mental health disorders. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with adults (N = 100) from March - July 2018. Structured surveys were used to collect sociodemographic information, and adapted measures included the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Inventory (PTSD-8), Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and the Post-Migration Living Difficulties Checklist (PMLD). The average number of traumatic events experienced was 4.43 (SD = 2.63). The most commonly reported traumatic events included oppression due to ethnicity, religion or sect (92%) and exposure to combat situations (83%). Nearly half of the participants had experienced ill health without access to medical care, 44% lack of shelter and 43% lack of food or clean water. Thirty-two percent of respondents witnessed someone being murdered. There is a critical need for quality mental health services for IDPs in KR.</p>","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 2","pages":"117-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9624324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conflict, environmental destruction and climate change: a tragedy in Iraq that demands action. 冲突、环境破坏和气候变化:伊拉克的悲剧需要采取行动。

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2200346

Dilshad Jaff

{"title":"Conflict, environmental destruction and climate change: a tragedy in Iraq that demands action.","authors":"Dilshad Jaff","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2023.2200346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2023.2200346","url":null,"abstract":"According to the United Nations (UN), climate change refers to ‘long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns due to natural and human activities’ (UN 2022b). Countries in conflict have neither the capacity nor the political will to deal with climate change and its consequences. Iraq, one of the most vulnerable states to suffer the effects of climate change is a case in point. Decades of conflict, political upheavals and weak governance have destroyed the country’s infrastructure and environment. Security and political challenges are more urgent priorities for local authorities than dealing with the risks and consequences from environment destruction and climate change in the longer term. The recent call by the United States (US) top diplomat to the Iraqi government for swift actions by the government while disregarding the inability and lack of political will to address climate change is worthy of note (Shafaq News 2022). Based on the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-Gain) Index, which explores countries’ vulnerability to climate change and their resilience, Iraq has a high vulnerability score and low resiliency that increases the likelihood/risk for more future conflict and instability (Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative 2022). According to the sixth Global Environment Outlook, GEO-6, published by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Iraq is classified as the fifth most vulnerable country in the world to suffer decreased water and food availability and extreme temperatures; these factors will negatively influence food and water security, and social and health security in Iraq (UN Environment 2019). In a recent report, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) indicated that without preparation and planning to mitigate the effects of climate change, Iraqis may be forced to relocate in order to survive (IOM) 2022).","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 2","pages":"162-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10371364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The weaponisation of everything – a field guide to the new way of war 万物武器化——新战争方式的实地指南

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-04-23 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2203993

I. Abuelaish

引用次数: 0

Diagnosing dissent, hysterics, deserters, and conscientious objectors in Germany during World War One 诊断第一次世界大战期间德国的异议、歇斯底里、逃兵和出于良心拒服兵役者

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2197164

L. van Bergen

{"title":"Diagnosing dissent, hysterics, deserters, and conscientious objectors in Germany during World War One","authors":"L. van Bergen","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2023.2197164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2023.2197164","url":null,"abstract":"causes including climate change. Recommendations include a ‘fundamental rethinking of the beliefs that have led to such high emissions’ (234) while building on the reductions, innovations and increased efficiency of the US military to date. The arguments for continuing to protect oil supplies in the Persian Gulf are effectively challenged. The positive spin-offs from a significant reduction in emissions carried out with the objective of mitigation are detailed. To help with the complexity of the subject, each chapter has a helpful introduction and concluding summary. An extensive use of quotes gives voice to some of the many actors involved. After such an impressive read, the final chapter feels a little rushed, with a bit less clarity and in a few places a little less of the objectivity that has made the presentation of evidence so convincing. This is a minor criticism given the overall importance and strengths of this book’s analysis and recommendations. Whether you want to understand the detail of emissions calculations, efforts not to report them despite parallel actions to reduce them, the ongoing mindset of the US military and government in relation to their national security, the negative behavioural loops they have got into in relation to climate change and what they should do differently – this is an essential book. Hopefully, the generals and politicians will read it too.","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 1","pages":"185 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44625229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

War and remembrance: recollecting and representing war 战争与记忆:回忆与再现战争

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2198100

Janne L. Punski-Hoogervorst

引用次数: 0

The Pentagon, climate change, and war, charting the rise and fall of U.S. military emissions 五角大楼，气候变化和战争，绘制了美国军事排放的起起落落

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2201987

M. Birch

{"title":"The Pentagon, climate change, and war, charting the rise and fall of U.S. military emissions","authors":"M. Birch","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2023.2201987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2023.2201987","url":null,"abstract":"Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2023. “A Time of Unprecedented Danger: It is 90 Seconds to Midnight.” Chicago, January 24. Accessed 14 Feb 2023. https://thebulletin.org/doomsdayclock/current-time Dalton, T. 2019. “Much Ado About India’s No-First-Use Nuke Policy.” India Global Business, September. Accessed 14Feb 2023. www.indiaglobalbusiness.com/igb-archive/much-adoabout-indias-no-first-use-nuke-policy ”Foundations of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Area of Nuclear Deterrence, Moscow, 2020, Cited in Nikolai Sokov, Russia Clarifies Its Nuclear Deterrence Policy.” 2020. Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, June 3. Accessed 14February2023. https://vcdnp.org/russia-clarifies-its-nuclear-deterrence-policy US Department of Defense. 2022. 2022 Nuclear Posture Review, 8. Washington, DC: US Department of Defense. Xia, Lili, Alan Robock, Kim Scherrer, C S. Harrison, B L. Bodirsky, I. Weindl, J. Jägermeyr, C G. Bardeen, O B. Toon, and R. Heneghan. 2022. “Global Food Insecurity and Famine from Reduced Crop, Marine Fishery and Livestock Production Due to Climate Disruption from Nuclear War Soot Injection.” Nature Food 3 (8): 586–596, AugustFeb. accessed 14 2023 https:// www.nature.com/articles/s43016-022-00573-0.","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 1","pages":"183 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49246243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Henry Dunant, The Man of the Red Cross 亨利·杜南特，红十字会的人

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2194047

L. van Bergen

引用次数: 0

The Sheathed Sword: From Nuclear Brink to No First Use 剑鞘之剑:从核边缘到不首先使用

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2023.2186769

J. Loretz

引用次数: 0

Flood Crisis in Pakistan: a mass destruction to economy and fragile health care systems. 巴基斯坦的洪水危机:对经济和脆弱的卫生保健系统的大规模破坏。

Medicine, Conflict and Survival Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2022.2157587

Abdullah Nadeem, Abdul Moiz Sahito, Shehroz Shahid

{"title":"Flood Crisis in Pakistan: a mass destruction to economy and fragile health care systems.","authors":"Abdullah Nadeem, Abdul Moiz Sahito, Shehroz Shahid","doi":"10.1080/13623699.2022.2157587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13623699.2022.2157587","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding has occurred in Pakistan as a result of unprecedented rainfall, particularly in the provinces of Baluchistan and Sindh. Torrential monsoon rains caused the worst floods in Pakistan’s history, destroying communities and leaving over 3.4 million children in need of aid and at heightened risk of waterborne infections, drowning, and starvation. The extent of the destruction is becoming clear as the floodwaters recede. There is a need for government and international organizations to intervene now to implement public health initiatives and multi-sectoral strategies. In Pakistan, the monsoon season is still having an impact on several provinces, bringing with it floods, flash floods, and other severe weatherrelated occurrences, as well as a greater socioeconomic burden. This flooding is attributed to record-breaking rainfall, especially in the provinces of Baluchistan and Sindh (CDC n.d.). As of September 8th, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) estimates around 1,400 fatalities and over 12,700 injured (ReliefWeb 2022). Floods have a variety of effects on human health which may be affected directly by coming into contact with floodwaters or indirectly by damage to infrastructure, ecology, food security, and water supply. The effects of floods might show up immediately or within days, weeks, or even months after the floods have subsided.","PeriodicalId":53657,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Conflict and Survival","volume":"39 1","pages":"81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9291346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3