Pratique Neurologique - FMC最新文献

{"title":"Vitamines en neurologie : la vitamine C","authors":"M. Bonnan","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jusqu’à la découverte de la vitamine C, le scorbut était un compagnon de voyage des marins au long cours. Si le tableau clinique historique spectaculaire est bien connu, des formes moins bruyantes restent communes chez les populations soumises à une alimentation pauvre en fruits. Le tableau hémorragique cutané et buccodentaire est classique mais pas toujours dominant ni bruyant. Chez l’enfant difficile, le tableau musculosquelettique entraîne une perte de la marche et en impose pour une atteinte ostéomyélitique. Chez l’adulte, l’atteinte prend parfois la forme d’une pseudo-fasciite accompagnée d’arthrite hémorragique. La substitution vitaminique est rapidement efficace.</p></div><div><p>Until the discovery of vitamin C, scurvy was a traveling companion of ocean-going sailors. While the historically spectacular clinical picture is well known, less obvious forms of the disease remain are still common in populations where the diet is low in fruits. The haemorrhagic cutaneous and oral picture is classic, but not always dominant or noisy. In picky-eaters children, the musculoskeletal picture leads to loss of walking and suggests osteomyelitis. In adults, the condition sometimes takes the form of pseudo-fasciitis accompanied by haemorrhagic arthritis. Vitamin replacement is quickly effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 150-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamines en neurologie : la vitamine E","authors":"M. Bonnan","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>La vitamine E est ubiquitaire et une carence d’apport survient rarement chez l’homme. Hormis les dénutritions sévères, la carence est la conséquence d’affections digestives pédiatriques entraînant une malabsorption chronique. Le tableau neurologique est une ataxie pseudo-Friedrich. Cependant, certains patients sont aussi atteints d’une neuronopathie myentérique avec dépôts de lipofuscine (« <em>brown-bowel syndrome</em> ») et troubles péristaltiques.</p></div><div><p>Because vitamin E is widely available, dietary deficiency is unusual in humans. Except in case of severe malnutrition, vitamin E deficiency is the consequence of paediatric enteric disorders leading to chronic malabsorption. Patients may develop pseudo-Friedrich ataxia. Others may suffer from myenteric neuronopathy with lipofuscin deposits (brown-bowel syndrome) and peristaltic signs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 166-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropathie multiple d’aggravation lente au retour de voyages humanitaires chez une femme de 76 ans","authors":"J. Cassereau ,&nbsp;T. Maisonobe ,&nbsp;F. Sellal","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 181-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878776224000694/pdfft?md5=54db67e363c1870098abcffd0b8c44dd&pid=1-s2.0-S1878776224000694-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142161893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’avenir européen des anticorps anti-amyloïdes remis en question par une décision de l’EMA ?","authors":"M. Ceccaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 146-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878776224000992/pdfft?md5=fd94badb42cd45bcb86e94d6d52c98af&pid=1-s2.0-S1878776224000992-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"André Léri (1875–1930) au-delà du signe","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L’éponyme, le signe de Léri, demeure le seul souvenir que les médecins gardent, peut-être, d’André Léri (1875–1930), élève de Joseph Babiński (1857–1932) et de Pierre Marie (1853–1940). Hélas, cet éponyme d’usage en rhumatologie lors de l’examen d’un cas de cruralgie, n’a rien de commun avec celui en usage en neurologie lors de l’appréciation d’un syndrome pyramidal (signe de l’avant-bras de Léri). Auteur de plus de trois cents publications, Léri a abordé de nombreux domaines de la neurologie, de l’ophtalmologie et de la rhumatologie. Nous présentons ici ses contributions à l’étude du signe de Babiński chez l’enfant, à celle de la cécité au cours du tabes, à celles explorant le vieillissement cérébral, la cécité corticale, les amyotrophies syphilitiques, avant de développer son exposé du « <em>signe de l’avant-bras</em> » ou signe de Léri neurologique, et de célébrer son livre « <em>Commotions et émotions de guerre</em> » dont les qualités lui ont valu une édition en anglais et de demeurer, hélas, d’une parfaite actualité et acuité.</p></div><div><p>The eponym, the Léri sign, remains the only souvenir that physicians have, perhaps, of André Léri (1875–1930), a pupil of Joseph Babiński (1857–1932) and Pierre Marie (1853–1940). Alas, this eponym, used in rheumatology when examining a case of cruralgia, has nothing in common with the one used in neurology when assessing a pyramidal syndrome (forearm sign of Léri). Author of over three hundred publications, Léri has addressed many fields of neurology, ophthalmology and rheumatology. We present here his contributions to the study of Babiński's sign in children, blindness in tabes, cerebral aging, cortical blindness and syphilitic amyotrophy, before expanding on his presentation of the “<em>forearm sign</em>” or neurological Léri sign, and celebrating his book “<em>Shell Shock Commotional and Emotional Aspects</em>”, the qualities of which earned him an English-language edition in 1919 and remain, unfortunately, of perfect topicality and acuity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 204-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamines en neurologie : la vitamine PP","authors":"M. Bonnan ,&nbsp;K. Sboui","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jusqu’à la découverte de la vitamine PP, la pellagre était un fléau social endémique parmi les populations cultivatrices de maïs méconnaissant la nixtamalisation. Cependant, d’autres modalités carentielles prédominent désormais (végétarisme, éthylisme, misère ou entéropathies). Le triptyque classique diarrhée-dermatose-démence (décès) peut rester incomplet. Les troubles sont dominés par une dermatose croûteuse des extrémités insolées. L’atteinte neurologique dépasse les troubles neuropsychiatriques et divers types de mouvements anormaux peuvent être observés (syndrome parkinsonien, cérébelleux ou myoclonies). Une pellagre doit être largement évoquée et prévenue dans les situations à risque, en particulier les complications de l’éthylisme résistants à la thiamine.</p></div><div><p>Until the discovery of vitamin PP, pellagra was an endemic social scourge among maize-growing populations unaware of nixtamalization. However, other deficiency modalities now predominate (vegetarianism, alcoholism, poverty or enteropathies). The classical 4D associating dermatosis-diarrhea-dementia-death may remain incomplete. Disorders are dominated by crusty dermatitis of the sunburnt extremities. Neurological damage goes beyond neuropsychiatric disorders and various type of abnormal movement may be described (parkinsonism, cerebellar or myoclonus syndrome). Pellagra should be widely suspected and prevented particularly complications of thiamin-resistant ethylism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 154-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamines en neurologie : la biotine","authors":"M. Bonnan","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>La biotine (or vitamin B8) est ubiquitaire, abondante et les besoins sont faibles. Chez l’humain, les carences acquises imposent des conditions très particulières, en particulier la consommation prolongée de blanc d’œuf cru qui un puissant chélateur de la biotine, ou une dénutrition. Le tableau associe un rash, une dépilation et une épilepsie.</p></div><div><p>Biotin (or vitamin B8) is ubiquitous, abundant and needs are low. In humans, acquired deficiencies impose very specific conditions, in particular prolonged consumption of raw egg white, which is a powerful biotin chelator, or malnutrition. The picture combines a rash, hair removal and epilepsy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 169-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878776224000785/pdfft?md5=8a2e7b5443b9f418553d50656b5178fc&pid=1-s2.0-S1878776224000785-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration électrophysiologique des pathologies de la jonction neuromusculaire","authors":"F. Cluse ,&nbsp;M. Moussy ,&nbsp;A. Pegat,&nbsp;F. Bouhour","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;L’exploration électrophysiologique tient une place incontournable dans la démarche diagnostique en cas de suspicion de pathologie de la jonction neuromusculaire (JNM). Les stimulations nerveuses répétitives (SR) à basse fréquence (2 ou 3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;Hz) sont le test électrophysiologique le plus couramment utilisé pour démasquer une atteinte de la JNM. Elles doivent être réalisées sur plusieurs couples nerfs/muscles, en privilégiant les territoires cliniquement déficitaires si possible. L’exploration des territoires oculaires, faciaux, bulbaires, axiaux, et proximaux est habituellement la plus rentable. Un décrément de l’amplitude et de la surface du potentiel global d’action musculaire (PGAM) supérieur à 10 % est considéré comme pathologique. Les SR requièrent une technique rigoureuse afin d’éviter les artéfacts, souvent liés aux mouvements du patient. Leur sensibilité et leur spécificité est imparfaite ; en effet les décréments peuvent manquer dans d’authentiques myasthénies, mais peuvent parfois être rencontrés dans des atteintes motoneuronales ou musculaires. L’étude des conductions nerveuses et la myographie classiques sont donc indispensables pour éviter les faux positifs et rechercher ces diagnostics différentiels. De plus, la découverte d’un PGAM de faible amplitude en neurographie fera systématiquement évoquer une atteinte présynaptique de la JNM et rechercher un incrément (ou « potentiation ») après effort bref. Enfin, en cas de suspicion de myasthénie oculaire pure ou de myasthénie généralisée sans décrément, l’étude électrophysiologique pourra se poursuivre par l’électromyographie de fibre unique, permettant d’étudier la transmission neuromusculaire à l’échelle de la fibre musculaire, et qui sera plus sensible dans ces cas difficiles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Electrophysiological investigations play a key role in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders. Low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulations (RNS) (2 or 3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;Hz) are the most commonly used electrophysiological test for detecting NMJ abnormalities. They should be performed on several nerve/muscle pairs and focused on clinically deficient territories if possible. Exploration of ocular, facial, bulbar, axial and proximal territories is usually more sensitive than in distal territories. A decrement of the amplitude and surface of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) superior to 10% is considered pathological. RNS require a rigorous technique to avoid artifacts, often related to patient movements. Their sensitivity and specificity are both imperfect; indeed, decrements may be absent in genuine myasthenia gravis, but can sometimes be found in motor neuron or muscular disorders. Classical nerve conduction studies and myography are therefore essential to avoid false positives and search for these differential diagnoses. In addition, the discovery of a low-amplitude CMAP should systematically suggest a presynaptic blocking of the NMJ, and lead to search a CMAP in","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 172-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum à : « Fiches pratiques thérapeutiques pour la prise en charge des patients atteints de sclérose en plaques » [Pratique Neurologique 14/2 (2023) 98-107]","authors":"H. Zéphir ,&nbsp;F. Durand-Dubief ,&nbsp;E. Le Page ,&nbsp;Société francophone de la sclérose en plaques (SFSEP)","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 143-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878776223001231/pdfft?md5=55d821313819d6b665adaa5edd25cdc9&pid=1-s2.0-S1878776223001231-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le potentiel unique du livre. À propos de Michel Desmurget. Faites-les lire ! Pour en finir avec le crétin digital. Paris : éditions du Seuil, 2023","authors":"C. Thomas-Anterion","doi":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.praneu.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53613,"journal":{"name":"Pratique Neurologique - FMC","volume":"15 2","pages":"Page 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141135130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}