{"title":"NOVEL INTRAOPERATIVE FUNDUS FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY REVEALS NEOVASCULARIZATION AT THE SCLEROTOMY SITE IN POSTVITRECTOMY HEMORRHAGE.","authors":"Yawen Qin, Jie Zhong, Jie Li","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001726","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to report a case of long-term postoperative vitreous hemorrhage of proliferative diabetic retinopathy after pars plana vitrectomy, which is most likely to be associated with neovascularization formed at the incision site of vitrectomy, and to recommend a better surgical technique for the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intraoperative fundus fluorescein angiography was performed using a customized intraoperative blue light excitation source and observed by a three-dimensional surgical observation system to explore the causes of recurrent postoperative vitreous hemorrhage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraoperative three-dimensional fluorescein angiography clearly showed the complete fluorescence image of the inward growing scleral neovascularization at the pars plana vitrectomy incision site and guided the surgical treatment of intraocular laser photocoagulation of the neovascularization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraoperative three-dimensional fluorescein angiography has a certain role in the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained postoperative vitreous hemorrhage after pars plana vitrectomy and is a promising surgical auxiliary technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"259-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Short-Term Perfluoro-N-Octane Tamponade for Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty and Pars Plana Vitrectomy.","authors":"Tomoki Kurihara, Hiroshi Eguchi, Fumika Hotta, Fukutaro Mano, Chiharu Iwahashi, Shunji Kusaka","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001845","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the efficacy of short-term perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) tamponade in combined penetrating keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for eyes with corneal pathology and proliferative vitreoretinopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six consecutive patients with corneal pathology and proliferative vitreoretinopathy underwent PPV using a temporary keratoprosthesis and short-term PFO tamponade. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed with PFO retained in the vitreous cavity either during the initial surgery or at a secondary procedure, depending on graft availability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all six eyes (100%) at the final visit, including three eyes that required persistent silicone oil (SO) tamponade. Visual acuity improved in four eyes (67%) and decreased in two eyes (33%). Hypotony (<5 mmHg) was observed in four eyes preoperatively and five eyes postoperatively. Corneal graft failure occurred in one eye during a mean follow-up period of 34.5 (range: 10-83) months. Retaining PFO in the vitreous cavity, compared with SO or fluid, seemed effective in stabilizing the globe and facilitating cornea graft sutures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Short-term PFO tamponade for combined penetrating keratoplasty and PPV may be a useful surgical approach for cases involving corneal pathology and proliferative vitreoretinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"290-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amrita Pradhan, Ahana Sen, Ruchira Chowdhury, Survee Sharma, Bristi Majumdar, Surabhi Chattree, Debmalya Das, Eesh Nigam, Kumar Saurabh, Rupak Roy
{"title":"OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY CHARACTERISTICS OF BILATERAL MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA TYPE 1: REVEALING THE ANEURYSMO OCCLUSIVE VARIETY.","authors":"Amrita Pradhan, Ahana Sen, Ruchira Chowdhury, Survee Sharma, Bristi Majumdar, Surabhi Chattree, Debmalya Das, Eesh Nigam, Kumar Saurabh, Rupak Roy","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001707","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of bilateral MacTel Type 1 with capillary obliteration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Color fundus photography, OCTA, fundus fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We describe three cases of bilateral MacTel Type 1 with a special emphasis on OCTA characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optical coherence tomography angiography is a noninvasive method to detect capillary telangiectasia and abnormal vascular tortuosity in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus. Optical coherence tomography angiography demonstrates that bilateral MacTel Type 1 may have both aneurysmal and occlusive components.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"198-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Trinco, Francesco Romano, Alessandro Invernizzi, Chiara Zaffalon, Francesca Bosello, Stefano Casati, Federico Zicarelli, Rossella D'Introno, Giovanni Staurenghi, Anna P Salvetti
{"title":"PUNCTATE INNER CHOROIDOPATHY-LIKE REACTION IN STAGE 3 EXTENSIVE MACULAR ATROPHY WITH PSEUDODRUSEN-LIKE APPEARANCE.","authors":"Andrea Trinco, Francesco Romano, Alessandro Invernizzi, Chiara Zaffalon, Francesca Bosello, Stefano Casati, Federico Zicarelli, Rossella D'Introno, Giovanni Staurenghi, Anna P Salvetti","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001719","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to describe a rare complication in a patient with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance, suggesting immune dysregulation in advanced stages of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case Report. Multimodal imaging-including true-color fundus photography, blue autofluorescence, high-resolution optical coherence tomography, swept source optical coherence tomography angiography, and dye-based angiography-was used to evaluate retinal alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 53-year-old woman with Stage 3 extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance presented with moderately hyperreflective subretinal material colocalizing with a large rupture of the Bruch membrane in the right eye. Multimodal imaging ruled out macular neovascularization, suggesting a diagnosis of punctate inner choroidopathy-like reaction. Treatment with oral steroids led to complete regression of the subretinal inflammatory lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a novel inflammatory complication in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance. Our findings emphasize a potential role of immune dysregulation in late-stage extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance and underscore the value of multimodal imaging in the management and follow-up of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"224-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyle M Green, Taariq K Mohammed, Jonathan F Russell, Timothy M Boyce
{"title":"DRUSEN REGRESSION AFTER MACULA-INVOLVING RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR.","authors":"Kyle M Green, Taariq K Mohammed, Jonathan F Russell, Timothy M Boyce","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001711","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair on drusen regression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was performed of patients with drusen who underwent macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography scans were reviewed by three graders, and each case was grouped into one of three categories: drusen regression, drusen persistence, or mixed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 14 eyes with drusen that underwent macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair were identified. Surgical repair consisted of pars plana vitrectomy in seven eyes, combined pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckle in six eyes, and primary buckle with cryotherapy in one eye. Regression of drusen occurred in six eyes (43%), persistence of drusen in five eyes (36%), and three eyes were categorized as mixed (21%). One patient with drusen regression with long-term follow-up resulted in geographic atrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the course of drusen after repair of macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments was highly variable, roughly half of eyes demonstrated marked drusen regression.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"252-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rola N Hamam, Mahdi M Hassoun, Abdallah G Rebeiz, Dalia El Hadi, Ziad F Bashshur
{"title":"TREATMENT OF VISION-THREATENING BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION AFTER CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY WITH SURGICAL DISPLACEMENT OF EMBOLUS.","authors":"Rola N Hamam, Mahdi M Hassoun, Abdallah G Rebeiz, Dalia El Hadi, Ziad F Bashshur","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001717","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a successful case of vision restoration and macular reperfusion after branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) using pars plana vitrectomy with undermining the artery off the retinal bed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case report involves a 75-year-old patient who was diagnosed immediately with BRAO after cardiac catheterization procedure. An embolus at the superior retinal artery bifurcation was noted. Initial treatments were ineffective, leading to a pars plana vitrectomy and mechanical elevation of the artery, performed 6 hours postocclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The surgical intervention successfully dislodged the embolus, resulting in significant visual improvement. Postoperative days 1, 4, and 14 assessments showed visual acuity improvement to counting fingers at 2 m, 20/40, and 20/20, respectively. Fundoscopic examination and optical coherence tomography angiography confirmed improved macular perfusion and normalization of the flow signal in the affected artery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy and mechanical elevation of the artery for BRAO where the embolus can be visualized. Prompt identification and referral for surgical intervention in BRAO cases with poor prognosis are crucial for favorable visual outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of this surgical technique and other interventions for managing BRAO.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"278-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Zeman Bardeci, Mauricio Martínez Cartier, Cristóbal Couto, Ariel Schlaen
{"title":"OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN SYPHILITIC OUTER RETINITIS.","authors":"Luis Zeman Bardeci, Mauricio Martínez Cartier, Cristóbal Couto, Ariel Schlaen","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001706","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to report optical coherence tomography angiography findings in syphilitic outer retinopathy, a singular clinical manifestation of ocular syphilis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography was performed in a patient presenting syphilitic outer retinopathy. Optical coherence tomography angiography showed multifocal areas of flow deficit at the choriocapillaris level at presentation, whereas no vascular abnormalities were observed at deep and superficial capillary plexuses. After a 1-year follow-up period, choriocapillaris flow showed an almost complete recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Syphilitic outer retinopathy represents a singular clinical manifestation of ocular syphilis. The almost complete recovery of initial ischemic changes at 1 year of follow-up suggests that this entity may have a good prognosis with timely and proper antibiotic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"186-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PERSISTENT MACULAR HOLE AND CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA TREATED WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY AFTER FAILURE WITH TOPICAL THERAPY.","authors":"Landon J Rohowetz, Harry W Flynn","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001721","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to report a patient with a persistent macular hole and cystoid macular edema successfully treated with pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling after failed topical therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 70-year-old man presented with a history of decreased vision in the right eye for 3 to 4 months. Best-corrected visual acuity at the initial examination was 20/80 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated vitreomacular traction with a full-thickness macular hole and prominent cystoid macular edema in the right eye. He was started on topical prednisolone acetate and ketorolac. The width of the hole initially decreased but eventually returned to baseline size despite continued topical therapy. Conservative management with topical therapy was continued in accordance with the patient's preferences. He later underwent phacoemulsification 20 months after presentation without significant improvement in visual acuity. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and C 3 F 8 tamponade was ultimately performed 2 years after initial presentation. Postoperatively, the macular hole was closed and visual acuity improved to 20/40 at 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Macular holes with significant cystoid macular edema may close with topical therapy alone. In persistent or recalcitrant cases, a delayed surgical intervention to close the macular hole can be successful even at 2 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"192-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DRUSEN REGRESSION FOLLOWING MACULAR HOLE SURGERY: A CASE REPORT.","authors":"Shannan Berzack, Prashant K Parekh","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001720","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of drusen regression following pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peel in a patient with a full-thickness macular hole and dry age-related macular degeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 67-year-old gentleman presented in April 2024 with a full-thickness macular hole in the left eye and intermediate dry age-related macular degeneration in both eyes. The patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peel, and an injection of sulfur hexafluoride gas for macular hole repair in the left eye. The patient's macular changes were monitored through VA, fundus examination, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging at baseline and follow-up visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The macular hole was closed, and there was early stability of the macular drusen in both eyes. At a 5-month follow-up in September 2024, he reported improved vision from 20/100 baseline to 20/40. Fundus examination and OCT imaging demonstrated a significant reduction of macular drusen in the operated eye, which was not observed in the fellow eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates successful surgical management of a full-thickness macular hole in a patient with concomitant drusen regression. The regression of drusen was limited to the operated eye, which suggests that surgical interventions may influence the course of age-related macular degeneration in certain patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":"282-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION AFTER SCLERAL BUCKLING SURGERY WITH GAS INSERTION IN A PATIENT WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE.","authors":"Assad Jalil, Myrta Lippera, Tsveta Ivanova","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001713","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of central retinal artery occlusion after scleral buckling procedure combined with pneumoretinopexy in a patient with sickle cell (hemoglobin SC) retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scleral buckling procedure, combined with injection of 0.3 mL of 100% perfluoropropane gas in the vitreous, was performed without intraoperative complications under general anesthesia as treatment of two separate macula-sparing rhegmatogenous retinal detachments secondary to round holes, involving superior and inferior retina, respectively, in the right eye of a 26-year-old Afro-Caribbean woman with sickle cell disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On day 1 postoperatively, central retinal artery occlusion was detected in the operated eye. We hypothesize that the expansion of the gas in the postoperative period combined with the presence of a retinal explant might have caused a moderate elevation of the intraocular pressure that caused extensive retinal arteriolar shutdown in the backdrop of sickle cell retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Central retinal artery occlusion can be a devastating complication after scleral buckling procedure combined with gas insertion in sickle cell retinopathy, caution is required when performing scleral explant combined with expansile gas in a patient with sickle cell vasculopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":"20 2","pages":"275-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}