Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene最新文献

{"title":"Cocaine and methamphetamine: Pharmacology and dental implications.","authors":"Paul Nassar,&nbsp;Aviv Ouanounou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological studies have shown that illicit drug use is a persistent and growing problem in our society. Methamphetamine and cocaine are at the top of the list of stimulants commonly abused. There is a need for a disease-targeted approach to the dental management of clients who use these drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the literature was conducted to identify the most up-to-date information for the diagnosis and treatment of dental clients who abuse methamphetamine and cocaine. Databases in the University of Toronto library system were searched for peer-reviewed articles, written in English, and containing data relevant to clinical decision making. Textbooks were chosen from a list of reference materials provided by the National Dental Examination Board. All cited articles were published within the past 5 years.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>There is robust literature on the treatment of individual signs and symptoms associated with methamphetamine and cocaine use. However, there is a dearth of information on the comprehensive, client-centred oral health care that these individuals require.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article reviews the best practices to guide the clinician from the initial oral diagnosis appointment to the maintenance of care, including the pharmacological actions of these drugs of abuse, the specific challenges faced in providing care for this client population, and scientifically based treatment considerations to maximize prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 2","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7668266/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-2-75.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38654010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A history of pandemics: Lessons we can learn from the past.","authors":"Salme E Lavigne","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 2","pages":"55-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7668271/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-2-55.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38654007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to oral health care for people living with HIV/AIDS attending a community-based program.","authors":"Iris Feng,&nbsp;Mario Brondani,&nbsp;Christophe Bedos,&nbsp;Leeann Donnelly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have difficulty accessing oral health services primarily due to HIV-related stigma and discrimination. In 2011, the University of British Columbia (UBC) Dental Hygiene Degree Program implemented a preventive oral health services program at the Positive Living Society of British Columbia (PLSBC), a non-profit organization supporting PLWHA. This study aims to assess the perception of how this type of service delivery influenced access to oral health care for members of PLSBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Personal interviews with 10 members and one focus group comprising 12 staff were conducted. Audiorecordings were transcribed verbatim and coded thematically. Emerging themes were identified using the interpretative phenomenology approach following Penchansky and Thomas' theory of access.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The program helped members maximize their dental coverage to receive other types of dental services. Members who were influenced by past traumatic experiences appreciated that services were delivered in a safe manner and in a stigma-free setting. Members valued the opportunity to educate future dental professionals to reduce HIV-related stigma. However, dental needs that could not be addressed by the program remained untreated for some members who continued to face barriers to care at referral clinics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This community-based preventive dental program provided affordable dental care, a stigma-free setting, care delivered in a safe manner, an educational opportunity, and accessible location, which all seemed to have a positive influence on access to oral health care for members of PLSBC. However, the limited availability of the program prevented many members from accessing comprehensive oral health care and is a factor that should be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 1","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533800/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-1-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaping crisis: A major public health concern.","authors":"Salme E Lavigne","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 1","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7537589/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-1-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Committed to yourself or have yourself committed: Balancing family life with student success.","authors":"Christine A Fambely","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contemporary student demographics in institutions of higher learning include the mature female student. Preparing to enter an academic setting after an extended absence or for the first time can create personal role conflicts for this student cohort. The purpose of this study was to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the family-life roles, student experiences, and different coping mechanisms of mature female dental hygiene students in order to better enable and support individual student success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a mixed methods explanatory approach whereby quantitative data were obtained from mature female dental hygiene students (N = 12) via a 10-item questionnaire comprising both closed- and open-ended questions. Closed-ended questions were summarized using descriptive statistics. Open-ended questions were examined for common themes. Additional qualitative data were obtained through personal in-depth interviews examining supplementary common themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>\"Mothering\" was identified as the primary family role both prior to and during school enrolment. All participants identified \"time\" as the greatest challenge and role conflict as being self-imposed. The prime benefit reported was increased self-confidence. The educational system offered the least amount of support according to respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mature female student requires support when returning to higher education-from herself, family, and the academic setting. Institutions of higher education should be cognizant of specific characteristics, barriers, and challenges any student encounters to help facilitate student success.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 1","pages":"16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533813/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-1-16.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial oral hygiene products and implant collar surfaces: Scanning electron microscopy observations.","authors":"Serena Bianchi,&nbsp;Giulia Fantozzi,&nbsp;Sara Bernardi,&nbsp;Sevastiani Antonouli,&nbsp;Maria Adelaide Continenza,&nbsp;Guido Macchiarelli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of medicated mouthwashes and gels in the home care maintenance of dental implants is controversial due to the possibility of residue deposition on the implant collar. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyse, by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amount of residues on dental implant collars treated with various commercial home dental care products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gel and mouthwash products were tested on 10 implants. The gels included sodium fluoride, amine fluoride, and sodium hyaluronate products. The mouthwashes tested contained triclosan, nimesulide, stannous fluoride, amine fluoride, and hexetidine-chlorobutanol. The SEM observations were performed at different magnifications in double modality SE (secondary electrons) and BSE (backscattered electrons) to qualitatively assess any residual products. The image quantitative analysis was performed by Image J^® software to assess areas occupied by residuals. All results were analysed by the same researcher with experience in electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fluoride-based gel products left wider areas occupied by residuals than the mouthwash products. In particular the fluoride-based and hyaluronate products left the highest amount of residues. Among mouthwashes, fluoride-based and triclosan products showed the highest amount of residuals deposition.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Oral hygiene procedures and related professional products are fundamental to the prevention, treatment, and control of microorganisms. In the case of implants, mechanical and chemical plaque control strategies are even more important since the potentially harmful biofilm covers abiotic titanium surfaces. In situ fixture maintenance is crucial for dental implant therapy success. Correct recommendation of home care products for bacterial control is fundamental to the health of implants and their surrounding tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data from this experimental study showed that home care commercial products in gel formulation, especially those containing fluoride, leave more residuals on titanium smooth surfaces than mouthwash products. The longer permanence of the products may lead to a more effective plaque control than other products.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533810/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-1-26.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38654004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations for approaching the introduction section of manuscripts and grant applications.","authors":"Arnaldo J Perez,&nbsp;Sharon M Compton,&nbsp;Jacqueline L Green,&nbsp;Maryam Amin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on dental and dental hygiene education is key to improving learning, teaching, and oral health care in academic dental institutions. Faculty should be able to write research proposals and reports properly to secure funding for research and share the findings of studies with stakeholders. Specifically, they should demonstrate why the study matters in the introduction section of their text. Our experience in mentoring dental and dental hygiene faculty shows that some have difficulty justifying the importance of their studies due to the way they approach the introduction section. This short communication provides 3 recommendations to help faculty approach and write this section adequately, which can be useful for writing other sections of manuscripts and grant applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"54 1","pages":"42-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533803/pdf/CanJDentHyg-54-1-42.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38654006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of chlorine stain and collegiate swimmers.","authors":"Alexandra B Moore,&nbsp;Christina Calleros,&nbsp;Diana B Aboytes,&nbsp;Orrin B Myers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Swimming is known worldwide as one of the healthiest, low-impact forms of exercise that promotes a strong body, heart, and mind. However, several studies have suggested that swimming pool chlorination is responsible for dental erosion, calculus formation, and stain in competitive and recreational swimmers, a phenomenon known as swimmer's mouth. The purpose of this observational study was to assess chlorine stain on the dentition of competitive female swimmers and divers from a university team and to determine if dental preventive practices affected chlorine stains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swimmers were recruited from the University of New Mexico Swimming and Diving Team for this IRB-approved study (#17-481). Participants completed a questionnaire regarding individual oral habits and frequency of preventive visits. Following the questionnaire, an oral screening was completed to evaluate for stain. Fisher exact tests, nonparametric Wilcoxon tests, and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Additionally, a cross-sectional analysis was used to compare the chlorine stain between divers and swimmers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one females, with a mean age of 20.5 years, participated in the study. One hundred percent of these subjects had staining of the teeth, despite the fact that 85% of them reported brushing their teeth 2 to 3 times per day, and 81% reported receiving regular dental prophylaxis. All participants swam 5 or more times every week, with practice length ranging from 1 to 2 hours. There were no differences in stain between collegiate swimmers and divers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within this study sample, extrinsic staining of the teeth was identified on all swimmers and divers and the presence of stain was not prevented by the frequency of tooth brushing or professional stain removal. Additional oral hygiene regimens should be explored to facilitate the prevention or complete removal of swimmer stain.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"53 3","pages":"166-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533807/pdf/CanJDentHyg-53-3-166.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Care aide abilities in oral care delivery and seniors' oral health outcomes.","authors":"Ashley Chicote","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Residents living in long-term care facilities have an increased risk of developing oral diseases and exacerbating existing systemic conditions. Major factors in oral health outcomes include a lack of access to dental care, varying levels of dependency, and comorbidities. While oral health can be maintained through the delivery of daily oral care, it is often insufficient.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This literature review examines the effectiveness of theoretical education versus clinical skills training in improving oral care delivery abilities of care aides and seniors' oral health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjunctive strategies to include theoretical education and clinical skill refinement have the highest potential to enhance long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A major factor in the efficacy of oral care delivery are the attitudes of care aides. With the integration of oral health assessment tools into care practices, care staff may learn to recognize oral diseases and determine the oral health needs of residents. Furthermore, oral health professionals should recognize the responsibility they have in supporting care staff throughout geriatric care.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"53 3","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533799/pdf/CanJDentHyg-53-3-178.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional fitness for dental hygiene students: Does it make them fit to sit?","authors":"Joanne L Parsons,&nbsp;Laura MacDonald,&nbsp;Marielle Cayer,&nbsp;Mikaela Hoeppner,&nbsp;Ashley Titterton,&nbsp;Justin Willsie,&nbsp;Sandra C Webber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Static positioning and awkward postures put dental hygienists at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. These disorders often appear during professional training programs. Ergonomics education has been shown to reduce the incidence of injuries, but fitness training to improve postural awareness and endurance is not typically included in dental hygiene curricula. This study assessed the effects of a 12-week functional fitness training program on ergonomic and postural knowledge, outcome expectations and self-efficacy related to exercise, and core stability in final-year dental hygiene students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 24) completed surveys and core stability tests and demonstrated postural movements before and after completing a mandatory weekly training program focusing on dynamic core stabilization, aerobic exercise, and postural awareness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants improved static plank hold time and left leg forward lunge scores, with no significant changes in right lunge or stability push-up tests. Accuracy in demonstrating postural movements in response to verbal cues improved for 2 of 6 movements. Knowledge about injury risk factors and body mechanics was relatively high at pre-test and did not change post-test. Outcome expectations and self-efficacy were not significantly different from pre- to post-test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Functional fitness training resulted in increased core endurance and improved execution of some movement patterns associated with good body mechanics. Our study provides evidence for the inclusion of this type of conditioning program in the dental hygiene curriculum. Further research, including more sensitive tests of physical function as well as the transfer of knowledge and safe postures into clinically relevant situations, is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":53470,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene","volume":"53 3","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533824/pdf/CanJDentHyg-53-3-149.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38643214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}