Lancet Regional Health-Europe最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease in adults with a history of out-of-home care during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"G. David Batty ,&nbsp;Mika Kivimäki ,&nbsp;Ylva B. Almquist ,&nbsp;Johan G. Eriksson ,&nbsp;Mika Gissler ,&nbsp;Emmanuel S. Gnanamanickam ,&nbsp;Mark Hamer ,&nbsp;Josephine Jackisch ,&nbsp;Hee-Soon Juon ,&nbsp;Markus Keski-Säntti ,&nbsp;Chaiquan Li ,&nbsp;Tuija M. Mikkola ,&nbsp;Emily Murray ,&nbsp;Amanda Sacker ,&nbsp;Leonie Segal ,&nbsp;Philipp Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>While individuals who were separated from their biological family and placed into the care of the state during childhood (out-of-home care) are more prone to developing selected adverse health problems in adulthood, their risk of cardiovascular disease is uncertain. Our aim was to explore this association by pooling published and unpublished results from prospective cohort studies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used two approaches to identifying relevant data on childhood care and adult cardiovascular disease (PROSPERO registration CRD42021254665). First, to locate published studies, we searched PubMed (Medline) until November 2023. Second, with the objective of identifying unpublished studies with the potential to address the present research question, we scrutinised retrieved reviews on childhood out-of-home care and other adult health outcomes. Included studies were required to satisfy three criteria: a cohort study in which the assessment of care was made prospectively pre-adulthood (in the avoidance of recall bias); data on an unexposed comparator group were available (for the computation of relative risk); and a diagnosis of adult cardiovascular disease events (coronary heart disease, stroke, or their combination) had been made (as opposed to risk factors only). Collaborating investigators provided study-specific estimates which were aggregated using random-effects meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess individual study quality.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Twelve studies (2 published, 10 unpublished) met the inclusion criteria, and investigators from nine provided viable results, including updated analyses of the published studies. Studies comprised 611,601 individuals (301,129 women) from the US, UK, Sweden, Finland, and Australia. Five of the nine studies were judged to be of higher methodological quality. Relative to the unexposed, individuals with a care placement during childhood had a 51% greater risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood (summary rate ratio after age- and sex-adjustment [95% confidence interval]: 1.51 [1.22, 1.86]; range of study-specific estimates: 1.07 to 2.06; <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 69%, p = 0.001). This association was attenuated but persisted after adjustment for socioeconomic status in childhood (8 studies; 1.41 [1.15, 1.72]) and adulthood (9 studies, 1.29 [1.11, 1.51]).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Our findings show that individuals with experience of out-of-home care in childhood have a moderately raised risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p><span>Medical Research Council</span>; <span>National Institute on Aging</span>; <span>Wellcome Trust</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001510/pdfft?md5=7571b0e6cb55819fa23a1f62a519fa2f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001510-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we on the verge of a paradigm shift in transfusion decision-making?","authors":"Cécile Aubron","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001704/pdfft?md5=379f0b80512020676eade9c29f78d800&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001704-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lumbar interbody fusion trial: TLIF or PLIF for lumbar spondylolisthesis?","authors":"Timothy Yee,&nbsp;Samer Zammar,&nbsp;Praveen V. Mummaneni","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001674/pdfft?md5=ce090d48c941e35ad829d13a49953b86&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001674-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coverage with evidence development program on stereotactic body radiotherapy in Belgium (2013–2019): a nationwide registry-based prospective study","authors":"Yolande Lievens ,&nbsp;Sharon Janssens ,&nbsp;Maarten Lambrecht ,&nbsp;Hilde Engels ,&nbsp;Xavier Geets ,&nbsp;Nicolas Jansen ,&nbsp;Luigi Moretti ,&nbsp;Vincent Remouchamps ,&nbsp;Sander Roosens ,&nbsp;Karin Stellamans ,&nbsp;Dirk Verellen ,&nbsp;Caroline Weltens ,&nbsp;Reinhilde Weytjens ,&nbsp;Nancy Van Damme ,&nbsp;Belgian College for Physicians of Radiation Oncology Centres","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was progressively adopted in clinical practice in Belgium, a reimbursement request in 2011 was not granted because of remaining clinical and economic uncertainty. A coverage with evidence development (CED) program on SBRT started in 2013, with the aim to assess clinical and technical patterns-of-care in Belgium and monitor survival per indication, in view of supporting inclusion in the reimbursement system.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Belgian National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance (NIHDI) initiated this prospective observational registry. Participating departments, using SBRT in clinical practice, signed the ‘NIHDI convention’. Eligible patients had a primary tumour (PT) or oligometastatic disease (OMD). Patient, tumour, and treatment characteristics were collected through an online module of the Belgian Cancer Registry, prerequisite for financing. Five-year overall survival (5YOS) and 30- and 90-days mortality were primary outcomes, derived from vital status information.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Between 10/2013 and 12/2019, 20 of the 24 accredited radiotherapy departments participated, 6 were academic. Registered cases per department ranged from 21 to 867. Of 5675 registrations analysed, the majority had good performance status and limited number of lesions. Enrolment of PTs remained stable over time, OMDs almost doubled. Peripheral lung lesions dominated in PTs as in OMDs. Other metastases were (para)spinal, ‘non-standard’ and hepatic. Thirty- and 90-days mortalities remained below 0.5% [95% CI 0.3%–0.8%] respectively 2.1% [95% CI 1.6%–2.7%]. 5YOS varied by indication, primary prostate patients performing best (85%, 95% CI [76%, 96%]), those with liver metastases worst (19%, 95% CI [15%, 24%]). Better OS was observed in academic departments, department size did not significantly impact survival. OMD survival was better in 2018–19.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>CED can be used to define patterns-of-care and real-life outcome of innovative radiotherapy. As the observed survival for different indications was in line with outcome in emerging literature, SBRT was included in the Belgian reimbursement system as of January 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p><span>NIHDI</span> financed participating departments per registered case.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001595/pdfft?md5=d867b6ebd6819c863ea2d9f47c7f50b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001595-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How long does it take to develop a new drug?","authors":"Jörg J. Möhrle","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001650/pdfft?md5=05a0f1a00feff792f97e232872e2df97&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001650-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized controlled trials for robot-assisted vs laparoscopic liver surgery: a quest on timing and endpoints","authors":"Jony van Hilst ,&nbsp;Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001686/pdfft?md5=b2938ec537f18f357c0098a81857e1fb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001686-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in stroke risk have changed: should we reconsider risk stratification?","authors":"Anne Krogh Nøhr ,&nbsp;Peter Brønnum Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100999","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001662/pdfft?md5=0d2fc1d5109f333944b80c6e32c51a73&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001662-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrast-enhanced mammography versus conventional imaging in women recalled from breast cancer screening (RACER trial): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled clinical trial","authors":"Lidewij M.F.H. Neeter ,&nbsp;Patricia J. Nelemans ,&nbsp;H.P.J. Raat Frank ,&nbsp;Caroline Frotscher ,&nbsp;Katya M. Duvivier ,&nbsp;Brigitte A.B. Essers ,&nbsp;Marjolein L. Smidt ,&nbsp;Joachim E. Wildberger ,&nbsp;Marc B.I. Lobbes","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Women recalled from breast cancer screening receive post-screening work-up in the hospital with conventional breast imaging. The RACER trial aimed to study whether contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) as primary imaging instead of conventional imaging resulted in more accurate and efficient diagnostic work-up in recalled women.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this randomised, controlled trial (registered under NL6413/NTR6589) participants were allocated using deterministic minimisation to CEM or conventional imaging as a primary work-up tool in two general and two academic hospitals. Predefined patients’ factors were reason for recall, BI-RADS score, and study centre. Primary outcomes were sensitivity and specificity. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of women needing supplemental examinations, and number of days until diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Between April, 2018, and September, 2021, 529 patients recalled from the Dutch screening program were randomised, 265 to conventional imaging and 264 to CEM. Three patients in the control arm had to be excluded from analysis due to a protocol breach. After the entire work-up, sensitivity was 98.0% (95% CI; 92.2–99.7%) in the intervention arm and 97.7% (91.8–99.6%) in the control arm (p = 1.0), and specificity was 75.6% (72.5–76.6%) and 75.4% (72.5–76.4%, p = 1.0), respectively. Based on only primary full-field digital mammography/digital breast tomosynthesis or CEM, final diagnosis was reached in 27.7% (73/264) in the intervention arm and 1.1% (3/262) in the control arm. The frequency of supplemental imaging was significantly higher in the control arm (p &lt; 0.0001). Median time needed to reach final diagnosis was comparable: 1 day (control arm: IQR 0–4; intervention arm: IQR 0–3). Thirteen malignant occult lesions were detected using CEM, versus three using conventional imaging. No serious adverse events occurred.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Diagnostic accuracy of CEM in the work-up of recalled women is comparable with conventional imaging. However, work-up with CEM as primary imaging is a more efficient pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p><span>ZonMw</span> (grant number <span>843001801</span>) and <span>GE Healthcare</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001546/pdfft?md5=53961f86668d800668a9d1cf4d634ba6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001546-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Less focus on symptom scales in psychiatric trials: it is time to ensure research equality between psychiatry and other medical specialities","authors":"Sophie Juul ,&nbsp;Faiza Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Pascal Faltermeier ,&nbsp;Johanne Juul Petersen ,&nbsp;Caroline Barkholt Kamp ,&nbsp;Rikke Hermann Jakobsen ,&nbsp;Lehana Thabane ,&nbsp;Joanna Moncrieff ,&nbsp;Mark Horowitz ,&nbsp;Zainab Samaan ,&nbsp;Michael Pascal Hengartner ,&nbsp;Lawrence Mbuagbaw ,&nbsp;Markus Harboe Olsen ,&nbsp;Christian Gluud ,&nbsp;Janus Christian Jakobsen","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001601/pdfft?md5=c409f92830de76fc2e35ebaf8683d17a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001601-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality by BMI levels in England, 2004–2019: a population-based primary care records study","authors":"Marisa K. Sophiea ,&nbsp;Francesco Zaccardi ,&nbsp;Yiling J. Cheng ,&nbsp;Eszter P. Vamos ,&nbsp;Naomi Holman ,&nbsp;Edward W. Gregg","doi":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the UK, obesity rates are rising concurrently with declining mortality rates. Yet, there is limited research on the shifts of mortality trends and the impact of obesity-related mortality. In this study, we examine mortality trends and the cause-specific proportional composition of deaths by body mass index.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used primary healthcare records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink between 2004 and 2019, linked to national death registration data. There were 880,683 individuals with at least one BMI measurement and a 5-year survival period. We used discrete Poisson regression and joinpoint analysis to estimate the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rate and significance of the trends.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2019, all-cause mortality rates declined in the obese category by 3% on average per year (from 23.3 to 14.6 deaths per 1000 person years) in males and 2% on average per year (from 12.5 to 9.4 deaths per 1000 person years) in females. Cardiovascular disease mortality declined 7% on average per year (from 12.4 to 4.4 deaths per 1000 person years) in males and 4% on average per year (from 5.5 to 3.0 deaths per 1000 person years) in females in the obese category. Increases in mortality rates from neurological conditions occurred in all BMI categories in males and females. By the end of the study, cancers became the primary contributor of death in males in all BMI categories and females in the overweight category.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>There have been significant declines in all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in males and females, leading to a diversification of mortality, with cancers contributing to the highest proportion of deaths and increases in causes such as neurological and respiratory conditions. Further screening, prevention, and treatment implementation for a broader set of diseases is necessary for continued mortality improvements.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p><span>Imperial College London</span>, <span>Science Foundation Ireland</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53223,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Regional Health-Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776224001534/pdfft?md5=ea113a481cfde9bc29d0e4c606dbb6fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2666776224001534-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}