Blockchain-Research and Applications最新文献_第2页

Privacy-preserving pathological data sharing among multiple remote parties 在多个远程方之间共享病理数据时保护隐私

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100204

引用次数: 0

Toward scalable docker-based emulations of blockchain networks for research and development 基于 docker 的可扩展区块链网络仿真，促进研究与开发

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100212

Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia

{"title":"Toward scalable docker-based emulations of blockchain networks for research and development","authors":"Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blockchain, like any other complex technology, needs a strong testing methodology to support its evolution in both research and development contexts. Setting up meaningful tests for permissionless blockchain technology is a notoriously complex task for several reasons: software is complex, a large number of nodes are involved, the network is non-ideal, etc. Developers usually adopt small virtual laboratories or costly real devnets based on real software. Researchers usually prefer simulations of a large number of nodes based on simplified models.</div><div>In this paper, we aim to obtain the advantages of both approaches, i.e., performing large, realistic, inexpensive, and flexible experiments, using real blockchain software within a virtual environment. To do that, we address the challenge of running large blockchain networks in a single physical machine, leveraging Linux and Docker. We analyze a number of problems that arise when large blockchain networks are emulated, and we provide technical solutions for all of them. Finally, we describe two experiences of emulating fairly large blockchain networks on a single machine: adopting both research-oriented and production-oriented software and involving more than 3000 containers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-task learning for PBFT optimisation in permissioned blockchains 允许区块链中 PBFT 优化的多任务学习

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100206

{"title":"Multi-task learning for PBFT optimisation in permissioned blockchains","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finance, supply chains, healthcare, and energy have an increasing demand for secure transactions and data exchange. Permissioned blockchains fulfilled this need thanks to the consensus protocol that ensures that participants agree on a common value. One of the most widely used protocols in private blockchains is the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT), which tolerates up to one-third of Byzantine nodes, performs within partially synchronous systems, and has superior throughput compared to other protocols. It has, however, an important bandwidth consumption: <span><math><mn>2</mn><mi>N</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> messages are exchanged in a system composed of <em>N</em> nodes to validate only one block.</div><div>It is possible to reduce the number of consensus participants by restricting the validation process to nodes that have demonstrated high levels of security, rapidity, and availability. In this paper, we propose the first database that traces the behavior of nodes within a system that performs PBFT consensus. It reflects their level of security, rapidity, and availability throughout the consensus. We first investigate different Single-Task Learning (STL) techniques to classify the nodes within our dataset. Then, using Multi-Task Learning (MTL) techniques, the results are much more interesting, with classification accuracies over 98%. Integrating node classification as a preliminary step to the PBFT protocol optimizes the consensus. In the best cases, it is able to reduce the latency by up to 94% and the communication traffic by up to 99%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720924000198/pdfft?md5=e11c2d536c1985f173948098606e4b4b&pid=1-s2.0-S2096720924000198-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A privacy-preserving data aggregation system based on blockchain in VANET 基于区块链的 VANET 隐私保护数据聚合系统

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100210

Ruicheng Yang , Guofang Dong , Zhengnan Xu , Juangui Ning , Jianming Du

{"title":"A privacy-preserving data aggregation system based on blockchain in VANET","authors":"Ruicheng Yang , Guofang Dong , Zhengnan Xu , Juangui Ning , Jianming Du","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), data aggregation plays a pivotal role in bringing together data from multiple vehicles for further processing and sharing. Erroneous data feedback can significantly impact vehicle operations, control, and overall safety, necessitating the assurance of security in vehicular data aggregation. Addressing the security risks and challenges inherent in data aggregation within VANETs, this paper introduces a blockchain-based scheme for secure and anonymous data aggregation. The proposed scheme integrates cloud computing with blockchain technology, presenting a novel blockchain-based data aggregation system that robustly supports efficient and secure data collection in VANETs. Leveraging key escrow resilience mechanisms, the solution ensures the security of system keys, preventing the security problems caused by keys generated by third parties alone in the past. Furthermore, through secondary data aggregation, fine-grained data aggregation is achieved, providing effective support for cloud services in VANETs. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is confirmed through security analysis and performance evaluations, demonstrating superior computational and communication efficiency compared existing alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

nPPoS: Non-interactive practical proof-of-storage for blockchain nPPoS：区块链非交互式实用存储证明

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100221

Jun Wook Heo, Gowri Ramachandran, Raja Jurdak

{"title":"nPPoS: Non-interactive practical proof-of-storage for blockchain","authors":"Jun Wook Heo, Gowri Ramachandran, Raja Jurdak","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blockchain full nodes are pivotal for transaction availability, as they store the entire ledger, but verifying their storage integrity faces challenges from malicious remote storage attacks such as Sybil, outsourcing, and generation attacks. However, there is no suitable proof-of-storage solution for blockchain full nodes to ensure a healthy number of replicas of the ledger. Existing proof-of-storage solutions are designed for general-purpose settings where a data owner uses secret information to verify storage, rendering them unsuitable for blockchain where proof-of-storage must be fast, publicly verifiable, and data owner-agnostic. This paper introduces a decentralised and quantum-resistant solution named <em>Non-interactive Practical Proof of Storage (nPPoS) with an asymmetric encoding and decoding scheme for fast and secure PoStorage and Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Arguments of Knowledge (zk-STARKs)</em> for public variability in blockchain full nodes. The algorithm with asymmetric times for encoding and decoding creates unique block replicas and corresponding proofs for each storage node to mitigate malicious remote attacks and minimise performance degradation. The intentional resource-intensive encoding deters attacks, while faster decoding minimises performance overhead. Through zk-STARKs, nPPoS achieves public verifiability, enabling one-to-many verification for scalability, quantum resistance and decentralisation. It also introduces a two-phase randomisation technique and a time-weighted trustworthiness measurement for scalability and adaptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PrivySeC: A secure and privacy-compliant distributed framework for personal data sharing in IoT ecosystems PrivySeC：物联网生态系统中个人数据共享的安全且符合隐私标准的分布式框架

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100220

Imran Makhdoom, Mehran Abolhasan, Justin Lipman, Massimo Piccardi, Daniel Franklin

{"title":"PrivySeC: A secure and privacy-compliant distributed framework for personal data sharing in IoT ecosystems","authors":"Imran Makhdoom, Mehran Abolhasan, Justin Lipman, Massimo Piccardi, Daniel Franklin","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contemporary era is experiencing an unprecedented dependence on data generated by individuals via an array of interconnected devices constituting the Internet of Things (IoT). The information amassed through IoT devices serves many objectives, including prescriptive analytics and predictive maintenance, preemptive healthcare measures, disaster mitigation, operational efficiency, and increased yield. In contrast, most applications or systems that rely on user-generated data to fulfill their business objectives face challenges in adhering to privacy protocols. Consequently, users are exposed to many privacy risks. Such infringements upon privacy provisions give rise to apprehensions regarding the authenticity of the processed data. Hence, this paper presents the weaknesses and challenges in current practices and proposes “PrivySeC”, a Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)-based framework for privacy preserving and secure sharing of personally and non-personally identifiable information. The security analysis indicates that the proposed solution ensures data privacy by design and complies with most of the requirements mandated by various privacy regulations. Similarly, PrivySeC promises low transaction latency and provides high throughput. Although we have created a privacy-preserving solution for sharing smart farm data, it can be customized to meet the specific privacy requirements of individual applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blockchain-based crowdsourcing for human intelligence tasks with dual fairness 基于区块链的人类智能任务众包具有双重公平性

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100213

Yihuai Liang , Yan Li , Byeong-Seok Shin

{"title":"Blockchain-based crowdsourcing for human intelligence tasks with dual fairness","authors":"Yihuai Liang , Yan Li , Byeong-Seok Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human intelligence tasks (HITs), such as labeling images for machine learning, are widely utilized for crowdsourcing human knowledge. Centralized crowdsourcing platforms face challenges of a single point of failure and a lack of service transparency. Existing blockchain-based crowdsourcing approaches overlook the low scalability problem of permissionless blockchains or inconveniently rely on existing ground-truth data as the root of trust in evaluating the quality of workers' answers. We propose a blockchain-based crowdsourcing scheme for ensuring dual fairness (i.e., preventing false reporting and free riding) and improving on-chain efficiency concerning on-chain storage and smart contract computation. The proposed scheme does not rely on trusted authorities but rather depends on a public blockchain to guarantee dual fairness. An efficient and publicly verifiable truth discovery scheme is designed based on majority voting and cryptographic accumulators. This truth discovery scheme aims at inferring ground truth from workers' answers. The ground truth is further utilized to estimate the quality of workers' answers. Additionally, a novel blockchain-based protocol is designed to further reduce on-chain costs while ensuring truthfulness. The scheme has O(<em>n</em>) complexity for both on-chain storage and smart contract computation, regardless of the number of questions, where <em>n</em> denotes the number of workers. Formal security analysis is provided, and extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate its effectiveness and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and evaluation of Swift routing for payment channel network 支付通道网络 Swift 路由的设计与评估

IF 5.6 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100179

Neeraj Sharma , Kalpesh Kapoor , V. Anirudh

{"title":"Design and evaluation of Swift routing for payment channel network","authors":"Neeraj Sharma , Kalpesh Kapoor , V. Anirudh","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Payment Channel Networks (PCNs) are a promising alternative to improve the scalability of a blockchain network. A PCN employs off-chain micropayment channels that do not need a global block confirmation procedure, thereby sacrificing the ability to confirm transactions instantaneously. PCN uses a routing algorithm to identify a path between two users who do not have a direct channel between them to settle a transaction. The performance of most of the existing centralized path-finding algorithms does not scale with network size. The rapid growth of Bitcoin PCN necessitates considering distributed algorithms. However, the existing decentralized algorithms suffer from resource underutilization. We present a decentralized routing algorithm, Swift, focusing on fee optimization. The concept of a secret path is used to reduce the path length between a sender and a receiver to optimize the fees. Furthermore, we reduce a network structure into combinations of cycles to theoretically study fee optimization with changes in cloud size. The secret path also helps in edge load sharing, which results in an improvement of throughput. Swift routing achieves up to 21% and 63% in fee and throughput optimization, respectively. The results from the simulations follow the trends identified in the theoretical analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720923000544/pdfft?md5=7b1d5eb08e2f11797584988bf124ed9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2096720923000544-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-varying nexus and causality in the quantile between Google investor sentiment and cryptocurrency returns 谷歌投资者情绪与加密货币回报率之间的时变联系和因果关系

IF 5.6 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100177

Fatma Ben Hamadou, Taicir Mezghani, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes

{"title":"Time-varying nexus and causality in the quantile between Google investor sentiment and cryptocurrency returns","authors":"Fatma Ben Hamadou, Taicir Mezghani, Mouna Boujelbène Abbes","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2023.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the interplay between investor sentiment and cryptocurrency returns has become a critical area of research. Indeed, this study aims to uncover the role of Google investor sentiment on cryptocurrency returns (including Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum, and Tether), especially during the 2017–18 bubble (January 01, 2017, to December 31, 2018) and the COVID-19 pandemic (January 01, 2020, to March 15, 2022). To achieve this, we use two techniques: quantile causality and wavelet coherence. First, the quantile causality test revealed that investors’ optimistic sentiments have notably higher cryptocurrency returns, whereas pessimistic sentiments have significantly opposite effects. Moreover, the wavelet coherence analysis shows that co-movement between investor sentiment and Tether cannot be considered significant. This result supports the role of Tether as a stablecoin in portfolio diversification strategies. In fact, the findings will help investors improve the accuracy of cryptocurrency return forecasts in times of stressful events and pave the way for enhanced decision-making utility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720923000520/pdfft?md5=98182819a759cd071a476d4ffe8e903a&pid=1-s2.0-S2096720923000520-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of blockchain technology in integrated IoT networks for constructing scalable ITS systems in India 在集成物联网网络中实施区块链技术，在印度构建可扩展的智能交通系统

IF 6.9 3区计算机科学

Blockchain-Research and Applications Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100188

Arya Kharche, Sanskar Badholia, Ram Krishna Upadhyay

{"title":"Implementation of blockchain technology in integrated IoT networks for constructing scalable ITS systems in India","authors":"Arya Kharche, Sanskar Badholia, Ram Krishna Upadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcra.2024.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The implementation of blockchain technology in integrated IoT networks for constructing scalable Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) in India has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach transportation. By leveraging the power of IoT and blockchain, we can create a highly secure, transparent, and efficient system that can transform the way we move people and goods. India, one of the world’s most populous countries, has a highly congested and inefficient transportation system that often leads to delays, accidents, and waste of time and resources. The integration of IoT and blockchain can help address these issues by enabling real-time monitoring, tracking, and optimization of traffic flows, thereby reducing congestion, improving safety, and increasing the overall efficiency of the transportation system. This paper explores the potential of blockchain technology in the context of integrated IoT networks for constructing scalable ITS systems in India. The methodology followed is to develop a proof-of-concept blockchain-based application for ITS, implement the blockchain solution into the existing ITS infrastructure, and ensure proper integration and compatibility with other systems. Conduct thorough research and maintenance to ensure the reliability and sustainability of such blockchain-based systems. This research discusses the various benefits and challenges of this approach and the various applications of this technology in the transportation sector, including the green sustainability concept. The results find various ways in which such implementations of blockchain and IoT-Machine Learning (IoT-ML) can revolutionize transportation systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53141,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain-Research and Applications","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096720924000010/pdfft?md5=f0df3bf2f2a306097761b6d525acf13d&pid=1-s2.0-S2096720924000010-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0