Environmental DNA最新文献

{"title":"Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Details the Spatial Structure of a Diverse Tropical Fish Assemblage in a Major East African River System","authors":"Asilatu H. Shechonge,&nbsp;Rupert A. Collins,&nbsp;Sophie Ward,&nbsp;Andrew D. Saxon,&nbsp;Alan M. Smith,&nbsp;Patroba Matiku,&nbsp;George F. Turner,&nbsp;Mary A. Kishe,&nbsp;Benjamin P. Ngatunga,&nbsp;Martin J. Genner","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Management and conservation of species-rich tropical freshwater systems require reliable information on the diversity and distribution of species present. Here, we used environmental DNA metabarcoding to reveal the diversity of the fishes in the Rufiji River catchment of central Tanzania. Across 174 samples from 49 sites, and using a newly developed reference library, we mapped the presence of 66 fish species from an estimated 91 that we are confident are present in the system. We found clear evidence of community structuring of the assemblage linked to key environmental gradients—elevation, temperature, and turbidity. We also identified core distributions of rare or threatened taxa, including migratory species such as the anguillid eels. With a focused analysis of 50 samples collected over a small spatial scale (&lt;2 km) from the Kilombero River, we showed that each single sample can capture an average of 23.1 species, while three samples can capture 39.4 species, from a total of 56 species encountered in the 50 samples. Collectively the results help to identify species vulnerable to ongoing change in the catchment, including dam construction and agricultural intensification. The results clearly demonstrate how eDNA-based metabarcoding can reliably describe the diversity and distributions of riverine fish species across a catchment, providing standardized information that will be valuable for environmental management.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active eDNA Is More Cost-Effective Than Fyke Nets or Passive eDNA Collection When Monitoring the Invasion of an Alien Freshwater Fish","authors":"Lenore Morris,&nbsp;Leah S. Beesley,&nbsp;Emma R. Stevens,&nbsp;Daniel C. Gwinn,&nbsp;Josephine Hyde,&nbsp;Suzanne Thompson,&nbsp;Deirdre B. Gleeson,&nbsp;Michael M. Douglas","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Monitoring alien species is critical to their management. However, early detection of invading alien freshwater fish can be challenging due to the difficulty of observing fish in low abundance. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has emerged as a new and potentially more sensitive method for sampling invasive species as compared to conventional methods, but the comparative financial cost is not often assessed. Adoption of eDNA by managers requires studies that showcase its cost-effectiveness relative to conventional approaches. Here we use eDNA to assist in the management of an aggressive alien fish, the pearl cichlid (<i>Geophagus brasiliensis</i>), that is invading an urban river in south-western Australia. We applied an occupancy model to survey data collected 6 years apart (2015, 2021) to assess how the species' distribution had changed and to evaluate whether an instream barrier had the potential to limit upstream invasion. To understand the effectiveness of eDNA, we used our model to quantify the relative efficiency (capture probability) of two eDNA sampling methods (active eDNA and passive eDNA) and fyke netting, as well as the number of replicate samples required per site to deliver &gt;95% detection. We coupled the number of replicates needed with the cost per replicate to determine the cost-efficiency of each method. We found that <i>G. brasiliensis</i> abundance was higher in downstream reaches in both survey years, and there was no evidence that its distribution had changed through time. However, <i>G. brasiliensis</i> was present above the instream barrier. Active eDNA sampling was considerably better at detecting <i>G. brasiliensis</i> than the other methods, making it the most cost-effective method. Fyke nets came in a close second, and passive eDNA was a very distant third. Our results directly inform management in the study river and broadly highlight the cost-effectiveness of active eDNA as a freshwater biosecurity tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Potential of Environmental DNA for Monitoring Nature-Like Bypasses: Erroneous Surveillance Owing to DNA Flow-Through","authors":"Kimmo T. Tolonen,&nbsp;Anne Lehtinen,&nbsp;Tiina Laamanen,&nbsp;Saija Koljonen","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nature-like bypasses refer to fishways that simulate natural streams. Apart from facilitating fish migrations, bypasses possess the capacity to enhance biodiversity in dammed rivers. Feasibility of environmental DNA (eDNA) as a tool for bypass assessments is unknown. This study investigated fish eDNA in 10 bypasses and their main channels. Initially, the relative DNA flow-through was estimated in bypasses. Subsequently, the impact of environmental factors and bypasses on fish assemblages was evaluated, and the robustness of the eDNA and electrofishing methods was assessed pertaining to bypass monitoring. The eDNA flow-through was computed using an equation to estimate the residual DNA at specified distances downstream of the source site. The relative DNA flow-through was lowest in the longest bypass with low flow rate and highest in the shortest bypass with higher flow rate and was dependent on the DNA decay rate coefficient used. The redundancy analysis revealed significant effects of spatial location, agriculture, catchment area, and bypass length on the species composition. The within-river analyses indicated significant and nonsignificant bypass effects on species composition and total species richness, respectively. Higher richness and DNA abundance of migratory and threatened species were observed in the bypasses than in the main channels. The eDNA samples displayed higher species richness compared to electrofishing. The species composition of the bypass eDNA samples was intermediate between that of the main channel eDNA and bypass electrofishing samples, which further corroborated performance of eDNA flow-through in bypasses. Therefore, bypass eDNA samples represented variable mixtures of local and main channel assemblages, indicating relatively low robustness of eDNA for quantitative and spatially accurate bypass assessments. Nevertheless, these results demonstrate practical applicability of eDNA in surveying the presence of desired species and evidence of the benefits of bypasses in supporting biodiversity and species threatened by damming.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of eDNA Protocols for Detection of Endangered White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Wild","authors":"James A. Crossman,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Flores,&nbsp;Amber Messmer,&nbsp;R. John Nelson,&nbsp;Steve O. McAdam,&nbsp;Peter Johnson,&nbsp;Pamela Reece,&nbsp;Ben F. Koop","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the distribution and habitat use of endangered species is essential for conservation efforts. Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has become a more common approach to defining species habitat occupancy through identification of residual DNA in water samples and has potential to detect populations that are in low abundance or use habitats over a large geographical range. Here, we optimized an eDNA protocol to detect the presence of the endangered white sturgeon (<i>Acipenser transmontanus</i>). We implemented lab-based experiments to understand the sensitivity and persistence of white sturgeon eDNA and then applied these methods to habitats with known white sturgeon abundances categorized as high, low, or not present. Using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and a modified StrAci1N-flap primer set, white sturgeon eDNA was detected in water collected from tanks holding white sturgeon down to a dilution of 10,000× (estimated eDNA concentration of 0.00035 μg/L—0.00176 μg/L). Following the removal of white sturgeon from the tanks, the eDNA signal decreased with time but could be detected for up to 7 days. In the field, all sites with high abundances of white sturgeon returned positive eDNA detections. We did not detect white sturgeon eDNA at sites with low abundance or in areas where they were not expected to be present. Results from this work further advance our interpretation of eDNA from wild populations and provide a noninvasive method to advance recovery efforts by identifying species presence in areas of suspected use or to guide additional inventory efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and Cost-Effective Platypus eDNA Detection in Waterways Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay: Advancing Conservation Efforts","authors":"Meysam Khodaparast,&nbsp;Dave Sharley,&nbsp;Stephen Marshall,&nbsp;Travis Beddoe","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Freshwater ecosystems, home to a remarkable diversity of species, are facing severe threats from human activities such as climate change, habitat degradation, over-extraction of water for irrigation, and pollution. The platypus, an iconic species in freshwater ecosystems around Australia, is threatened by all these activities, both singly and in combination. The scale and complexity of these intersecting and reinforcing threats makes cost-effective monitoring tools essential to better understand how platypus populations are responding. In this study, we optimized a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid and cost-effective detection of platypus DNA in environmental water samples, offering an attractive alternative to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We improved a water filtration protocol for in-field use, employing suitable filter membranes for processing large volumes of water, thereby maximizing DNA recovery from dilute samples. The limit of detection for the platypus LAMP (Plat-LAMP) assay was determined to be 12.4 copies/μL using a standard plasmid positive reference and 7 × 10⁻⁶ ng/μL when applied to DNA extracted from platypus tissue, with improved sensitivity achieved through the incorporation of locked nucleic acid primers. In comparative testing against qPCR, the Plat-LAMP assay exhibited greater sensitivity in detecting platypus DNA in known positive water samples collected from platypus habitat at Healesville Sanctuary. Furthermore, the Plat-LAMP assay demonstrated 100% specificity when performed on water samples collected from non-platypus habitats. In field testing across waterways in Victoria and New South Wales, the Plat-LAMP assay detected platypus in 36.96% of samples, compared to 54.35% of samples using qPCR. These findings underscore the Plat-LAMP assay's potential as a faster and more cost-effective complementary method to qPCR, rendering it suitable for point-of-application water testing. The ability to conduct eDNA surveys without the need for cold-chain logistics would significantly assist conservation organizations and water managers map platypus distributions and facilitate conservation efforts around Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"eDNA Is a Useful Environmental Monitoring Tool for Assessing Stream Ecological Health","authors":"Alastair M. Suren,&nbsp;Francis J. Burdon,&nbsp;Shaun P. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1002/edn3.596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used in biodiversity assessments, but there remain uncertainties regarding its congruence with data based on traditional approaches involving habitat sampling and morphological-based taxonomy. Using eDNA for biomonitoring has several advantages, including improved processing efficiencies and precision of taxonomic identification. In contrast, traditional biomonitoring is time-consuming and expensive, often limiting the number of sites monitored. Establishing that eDNA-derived metrics are congruent with their traditional equivalents on a national scale would support its wider use in biomonitoring. Our study compared ecosystem health assessments made by traditional biomonitoring techniques to those using eDNA from 53 sites throughout Aotearoa New Zealand. Because eDNA sampling was not done concurrently with benthic sampling at most sites, we used the average community composition at each site based on previous sampling occasions. We also allocated species identified by eDNA to the traditional level of identification to allow comparisons with eDNA data identified to broader taxonomic groups. We assessed similarities between the three datasets and found a high degree of correlation and convergence between biotic indices calculated from the different methods. eDNA did, however, appear to under-represent some taxa, reflecting challenges in matching barcodes with an often-incomplete sequence library. eDNA data did not always perform better in terms of showing the effects of land use on invertebrate community composition, but all datasets produced similar patterns. Multivariate analyses (redundancy analysis and variation partitioning) identified congruent relationships between environmental and spatial variables with the invertebrate community structure described by the three methods. eDNA data replicated the environmental responses and showed the same overall patterns in community composition as the traditionally collected data. We suggest that eDNA biomonitoring can complement traditional methods, and will perform at least as well as traditional data at detecting patterns in invertebrate community composition and ecosystem health at a national scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous daily sampling of airborne eDNA detects all vertebrate species identified by camera traps","authors":"Marcel Polling,&nbsp;Ralph Buij,&nbsp;Ivo Laros,&nbsp;G. Arjen de Groot","doi":"10.1002/edn3.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.591","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ongoing pressures on global biodiversity require conservation action that is not possible without effective biomonitoring. Terrestrial vertebrate surveys are commonly performed using camera traps, a time-intensive method known to miss many small or arboreal species and birds. Recent advances have shown airborne eDNA to be a potentially suitable technique to more effectively monitor vertebrate communities in a time- and cost-effective manner. Here, we test whether commercially available air samplers that collect air particles 24/7 during a 1-week period can be used to detect the presence of vertebrates through airborne eDNA. The results are compared to camera trap records at three locations with differing habitats in the Netherlands. Simultaneous sampling with three different air samplers for 3 weeks resulted in detection of 154 vertebrate taxa, of which the majority were birds or mammals (113 and 33 species, respectively), along with four fish and four amphibian species. All species observed using camera traps were also retrieved via airborne eDNA, although not on every day of sampling. The Burkard spore trap, used routinely for pollen monitoring, showed the highest number of vertebrate species, and only in three samples when a mammal species was detected using a camera trap it remained undetected via eDNA. We also detected unique species at the three locations using airborne eDNA, indicative of the habitat in which they were living. However, we also detected species that we could not account for. The multitude of species found using airborne eDNA compared to camera traps indicate the sensitivity of the method; however, subsequent studies should prioritize validation of these findings through alternative biomonitoring approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.591","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Seven DNA Metabarcoding Sampling Methods to Assess Diet in a Large Avian Predator","authors":"Neil Paprocki,&nbsp;Shannon Blair,&nbsp;Courtney J. Conway,&nbsp;Jennifer Adams,&nbsp;Stacey Nerkowski,&nbsp;Jeff Kidd,&nbsp;Lisette Waits","doi":"10.1002/edn3.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>DNA metabarcoding is a rapidly advancing tool for diet assessment in wildlife ecology. Studies have used a variety of field collection methods to evaluate diet; however, there is a pressing need to understand the differences among sampling methods and the downstream inferential consequences they may have on our ability to document diet accurately and efficiently. We evaluated seven DNA metabarcoding sampling methods to assess the diet of a large avian predator: <i>Buteo lagopus</i> (rough-legged hawk). We collected beak swabs, talon swabs, cheek (buccal) swabs, cloacal swabs, and cloacal loops from captured birds, and collected fecal samples from both captured and uncaptured birds. We described and compared variation in prey recovery within and among the seven sampling methods and identified appropriate analytical methods to compare diet among individuals sampled via different methods. Beak and talon swabs produced the highest prey detection rates, yielded the greatest prey richness per sample, and contributed the most to an individual's total prey richness per sampling occasion compared to other sampling methods. Within individuals sampled using five methods during a single capture occasion, cloacal swabs and cheek swabs positively predicted prey richness and average prey mass, respectively, from fecal samples. While all methods identified similar dominant prey taxa that were consistent with prior diet studies, beak and talon swabs detected greater prey richness at both the individual and population levels. We propose a food residue duration hypothesis whereby methods which sample areas containing food DNA consumed from longer and more continuous pre-sampling time intervals explain variation among sampling methods in observed prey richness. Choice of sampling method can influence predator diet characterization and is particularly important if researchers wish to quantify uncommon diet items or compare diet metrics using samples collected via different methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and Portable Presumptive Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for the Detection of the Invasive Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus)","authors":"Nathan Deliveyne,&nbsp;Jeremy J. Austin,&nbsp;Kate Sanders,&nbsp;Phillip Cassey","doi":"10.1002/edn3.595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.595","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The exotic pet trade is a major pathway for the introduction, establishment, and spread of novel invasive alien species. Reptiles are common in the exotic pet trade and are prominent invasive alien vertebrate species that have dire impacts if allowed to establish. The North American corn snake (<i>Pantherophis guttatus</i>) is particularly common in the international pet trade and has been identified as a vertebrate pest priority species in Australia due to widespread climate suitability and prevalence in pre- and post-border seizure records. Consequently, rapid, and presumptive post-border biosecurity detection is essential to prevent its establishment and spread. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an emerging biosecurity tool that has shown promise for rapid detection of several high-risk species. We developed two LAMP assays for the detection of <i>P. guttatus</i>, validated against: synthetic DNA; DNA extracted from snap-frozen tissue, and shed skins; and then compared their performance for the detection of trace DNA collected from swabs of glass tanks post reptile presence. Our results include laboratory optimization and assessment of two mobile devices for in-field integration (Franklin Real-Time PCR Thermocycler, Biomeme, USA, and Genie III, Optigene, UK). The results indicate that LAMP is a viable biosecurity tool, with DNA detection possible for a range of sample types in a total of <i>c.</i>30 min, when including a rapid extraction step (8 min). Herein, we provide tools for rapid, presumptive detection of the North American corn snake from trace DNA samples in Australian biosecurity and wildlife compliance settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling eukaryotic biodiversity patterns from man-made environments (port and marina) and nearby coral reefs in the Red Sea: A focus on the surveillance of non-indigenous species","authors":"Eva Aylagas,&nbsp;Hailey Shchepanik,&nbsp;John K. Pearman,&nbsp;Bruno Parisi,&nbsp;Joao Curdia,&nbsp;Michael L. Berumen,&nbsp;Susana Carvalho","doi":"10.1002/edn3.583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.583","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Man-made environments such as ports and marinas are gateways for many marine non-indigenous species (mNIS) transported via shipping worldwide. These habitats are often the focus of biosecurity programs for the surveillance of mNIS, but there have been few studies investigating the distribution of biofouling communities in natural habitats and nearby artificial habitats. Here, following a DNA metabarcoding approach, we tested for differences in spatio-temporal trends of biological pioneer communities established after one-week colonization between a port, a marina, and coral reefs using two different matrices (PVC panels and water samples) in the central Red Sea. In addition, we aimed to investigate differences in the prevalence of mNIS between man-made and natural habitats during the summer and winter seasons, and whether the number and patterns of mNIS differed between the port (an active historic port subjected to intense shipping traffic) and the marina (a small recently developed marina utilized by small and medium research vessels). The community structure from samples collected at the two coral reefs showed greater similarity to each other compared to that obtained from the port and the marina. A total of 29 mNIS were detected across all sites, of which 16 were reported in the Red Sea for the first time, with Jeddah port hosting 28 mNIS. By applying standardized methodological approaches, this study provides comparable data regarding the monitoring of introduced and invasive species, particularly within the data-poor Red Sea, a major shipping corridor. This study serves as the foundation for implementing a robust and rapid baseline monitoring system to assess native biodiversity and facilitate the early detection of NIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":52828,"journal":{"name":"Environmental DNA","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/edn3.583","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}