Naukovi gorizonti最新文献

{"title":"Ecological and economic determinants of energy efficiency in European countries","authors":"Bohdan Kyshakevych, Natalia Maksyshko, Ivan Voronchak, Stepan Nastoshyn","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.140","url":null,"abstract":"Since economic development is often associated with an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, it is especially important to answer the question of whether it is possible to achieve sustainable economic development and improve energy efficiency at the same time, which implies a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this study was to build models that can help find the environmental and economic determinants of energy efficiency in European countries. An ecological and economic determinants of energy efficiency indicators of 38 European countries were found based on panel regression models. The models were built based on statistical data characterizing the level of their economic development and consumption of diverse types of energy for 1995-2021. To obtain the necessary approximations of energy efficiency indicators, one of three types of models was used: the random effects method, the fixed effects method, or the pooled model. For this, appropriate statistical tests were used. As a result, it was found that the factors that have a statistically significant impact on the energy intensity of GDP in European countries include the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions, unemployment rate, primary energy consumption per capita, and gross electricity production per capita. The findings showed that determinants of primary energy consumption were domestic consumption of solid fossil fuels per capita, domestic natural gas consumption per capita, and primary energy consumption per capita. The study results generally confirm the modern-day thesis that economic development can be achieved while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The monitoring of factors that have a statistically significant impact on the indicators under consideration can become an essential element of the modern energy efficiency management system of the national economies of European countries","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench) growth and development features under the influence of growth regulator","authors":"Liudmyla Pravdyva, Oleg Prysiazhniuk, Valerii Khakhula, Lesia Kachan, Taras Panchenko","doi":"10.48077/scihor9.2023.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor9.2023.120","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a growing interest in growing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moenh) as a bioenergy crop, as it can be used to produce biofuels (ethyl alcohol) and solid fuels (pellets and briquettes from the above-ground mass). Sorghum grain is characterised by a high starch content of up to 80%. The research topic is relevant but poorly understood. The research aims to study the effect of growth regulators on the growth and development of sorghum in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The following research methods were used: field, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical. The study presents the results of research for 2016-2019, where the influence of elements of cultivation technology on the peculiarities of the formation of biometric parameters was studied. plant growth regulator had an impact on field germination, vegetation period, biometric indicators of plant growth, and leaf area. The closeness of the correlations of the studied indicators was established, and a correlation-regression analysis of the data was carried out, which showed a strong correlation between the growing season and plant height, where the coefficient was R=0.9264, and the coefficient of determination R2 =0.9864. There was also a strong relationship between stem diameter and plant height, where the correlation coefficient was R=0.9767 and the coefficient of determination was R2 =0.954. The conducted studies confirm the feasibility of using a growth regulator that improves plant development and will contribute to increasing the yield and quality of grain and biomass of sorghum. The obtained results of the research give grounds to believe that growth regulators contribute to the production of environmentally friendly products and are components of environmentally friendly and energysaving cultivation technology","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135598374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of quality indicators of different types of wholegrain flour","authors":"Oleg Pismennyi, Nataliia Nikonchuk, Natalia Shevchuk, Olena Petrova, Ihor Sydoryka","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.72","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of modern nutrition involves the presence of the maximum amount of nutrients, including vitamins, essential amino acids, carotenoids, natural antioxidants, minerals, phenolic and tannin compounds, organic acids, and dietary fibre, which is why the food industry is interested in developing wholegrain products based on crops such as wheat, rye, barley, triticale, buckwheat, corn, and rice. The purpose of the study is to evaluate wholegrain flour using modern production technologies and control its quality, which will lead to a new level of development in the Ukrainian food industry and ensure increased profitability of the flour milling and baking industries. Methods used in the study: theoretical – analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalisation; experimental – identification and measurement to determine the physicochemical, organic, grinding, flour-milling and baking quality indicators of wholegrain wheat flour. Characterising the experimental data of different types of wholegrain flour, it was established that the content of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre or fibres, mineral content, and easily hydrolysed carbohydrates (starch, hemicellulose) were in the range of 84.7-88.8%, 10.2-16.3%, 0.9-1.7%, 2.3-4.8%, 1.2-3.2%, and 77.5-84.2%, respectively. Indicators such as ash content and flour size directly depended on the grinding scheme and the integrity of all anatomical grain particles. The technology of wholegrain wheat flour production combines the advantages of existing milling methods with minimising the adverse effect on the qualitative and quantitative gluten content, which varied from 21% to 36% in wholegrain flour samples, and the gluten deformation index ranged from 53.8 to 81.7 units. The materials of the study are of practical significance and indicate the need for further research, since when assessing the quality indicators and examining the characteristics of wholegrain wheat flour, attention should be devoted to the further development of optimal technology for the production of bread from this raw material","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of highly adaptive source material of watermelon for selection for early ripening","authors":"Oksana Serhiienko, Oksana Shabetia, Zakhar Linnik, Maksym Serhiienko, Oleksii Melnyk","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.42","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of watermelon selection, the issue of stability of obtaining high yields in the conditions of manifestation of abiotic stressors of the external environment is relevant. The purpose of this study was to select a highly adaptive source material of watermelon according to the duration of the growing season and its components for use in breeding for early ripening. 101 collection samples of watermelon from 9 countries of the world were analysed. The study was based on the following methods: general scientific, measurement and weight, calculation, statistical. The watermelon collection was divided into ripeness groups and the sample was ranked according to the “duration of the seedling-ripening period”. The study established the amplitude (Am) and range of variation (Lim) of the signs of the duration of the components of the growing season. Samples with the smallest individual interphase periods were selected for use in selection for early ripening. The study found Vi – general adaptive capacity (GAC), σ2 SACi – specific adaptive capacity (SAC), Sgi – genotype stability, bi – regression coefficient of genotype response to changing conditions (plasticity), SVGi – selection value of the watermelon collection genotype based on the “duration of the growing season period”. According to the general adaptive capacity, the samples with the shortest duration of the “seedling – ripening” period were selected – 19 samples (Vi =-11.72…-6.05). As the most stable genotypes according to the “duration of the growing season” characteristic, 32 collection samples with a low value of the specific adaptive capacity indicator were selected, 23 of which are early ripening. The high stability of the genotype (Sgi) according to the characteristic “duration of the seedling-ripening period” was determined in 31 collection samples, of which 24 were early ripening. Based on the results of determining the regression coefficient (ecological plasticity coefficient), according to the characteristic “duration of the growing season”, the collection samples of watermelon were divided into three groups – with low (bi =0.01-2.20), medium (bi =2.21-4.22), and high (bi =4.23-6.24) ecological plasticity. According to the selection value of the genotype according to the trait “duration of the seedling-ripening period”, 18 collection samples had high indicators (SVGi =110.22-119.92), which are valuable for use in selection work with watermelon as sources of the characteristic “early ripeness”","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135745448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of agrotechnical measures on the number of melanin-synthesizing microorganisms","authors":"Iryna Malynovska, Viktor Kaminskyi, Yelyzaveta Zadubynna, Volodymyr Kurhak, Viktor Karpenko","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.52","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the growing scale of soil dehumification, studies of the patterns of synthesis of the precursors of humus molecules – melanins of bacterial origin – are becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of the main factors of agricultural production on the spread of melaninsynthesizing microorganisms: the method of basic soil cultivation, mineral fertilizers, and the type of agricultural crop. Research methods: microbiological, laboratory-analytical, statistical, correlational. As a result, the study found for the first time that the main cultivation of the soil affects the number of melaninsynthesizing microorganisms: micromycetes, bacteria, аzotobacter. In the variant without the application of mineral fertilizers (control), the soil was characterized by the minimum amount of melanin-synthesizing bacteria using the No-till technology, 28.8% more – using disking, and 2.4 times more – using ploughing. The number of melaninsynthesizing micromycetes in the variant without fertilizers was also maximum upon ploughing, the average number was observed with No-till technologies, and the minimum number – using shallow disk tillage. Application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N30P30K65 leads to an increase in the number of melanin-synthesizing bacteria in the ploughing option by 3.58 times, disking by 3.53 times, No-till technology by 2.28 times. An increase in the dose of mineral fertilizers to N150P100K120 contributes to an increase in the number of melanin-synthesizing bacteria by 5.04 times upon ploughing, 5.78 times upon disking, and 2.24 times upon no-till technologies. The medium-significant nature of the relationship between the content of humus and the number of melanin-synthesizing bacteria (r=0.528) and their share in the total number of microorganisms (r=0.470) suggested that in chernozem inherent in growing sunflowers, humus is formed mainly with the participation melanins of bacterial origin. Metabolites of polysaccharide-synthesizing bacteria take part in the formation of the resistance of humus molecules to microbial mineralization, the probability of the formation of colonies of which has a moderately significant relationship with the content of humus (r=0.532). The results of these studies can be used in the development of recommendations for regulating the content of humus in agricultural soils, preventing its excessive mineralization, which will allow preserving and increasing soil fertility","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135999023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spread of rabies in the Kyiv Oblast during 2020-2022","authors":"Oleksii Rudoi, Zhanna Drozhzhe, Olha Chechet, Vitalii Ukhovskyi, Vyacheslav Kovalenko","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.117","url":null,"abstract":"In Ukraine, there is a prominent level of rabies circulation among domestic and wild carnivores. Consequently, the epizootic situation of rabies in Ukraine requires studying the spread of this infection using modern surveillance tools, which allow for territorial assessment and identification of risk zones during analysis. The purpose of this research was to describe the spatial characteristics of the rabies epizootic in the Kyiv Oblast during 2020-2022, focusing on both wild and domestic animals. Official reporting data were analysed to examine the total number of samples of pathological material (brain tissue) collected from various animal species with suspected rabies. Positive samples were georeferenced and visualized using software to form clusters of rabies cases based on years and types of animals, creating point layers and density mapping of cases. The analysis revealed that in the Kyiv Oblast, 1788 samples of pathological brain material from animals with suspected rabies were examined, of which 237 were positive. The largest number of samples belonged to wild animals (primarily foxes), acting as a reservoir of the infection. The proportion of wild animals accounted for 64.4% of the total examined, but the number of positive samples varied between 1.7% and 5.5%. Compared to domestic animals (cats and dogs), this figure reached up to 30.0% of the total number of samples examined. Other animal species accounted for 3.2% of positive cases among the total examined. Thus, the highest morbidity rate was observed in domestic animals, representing 72.1% of the total identified positive cases. The highest density of rabies cases in the Kyiv Oblast was observed in the southwest and centre. Persistent clusters of rabies cases were in the Bila Tserkva district and the western outskirts of Kyiv. In the western part of Kyiv, the cluster was formed by cases in wild animals, cats, and dogs. In the Bila Tserkva district, the cluster was formed by cases in wild animals, cats, dogs, and cattle. The highest density of rabies cases in wild animals was registered on the western outskirts of Kyiv","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136042597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgressive variation in productivity traits in F2 naked oat hybrids","authors":"Alla Kravchenko, Tetiana Hoptsii, Viktor Kyrychenko, Olena Hudym, Dmytro Chuiko","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most effective methods for increasing yield and resistance to abiotic and biotic factors in the environment is genetic selection and improvement of varieties. Solving these tasks is possible using positive transgressions, which are of great practical importance at this stage of selection. The aim of the research was to determine the coefficient of heritability in the broad sense (H2 ) and the degree and frequency of transgressions for productivity traits in second-generation hybrids of naked oat, created by crossing based on the eco-geographical principle and selection of economically valuable biotypes for further breeding work. During 2021, research was conducted on 15 intervarietal hybrids. F2 and parental components were analysed for traits such as plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, and grain weight per spikelet. Field research methods (phenological observations), laboratory methods (structural analysis of the material under study), and mathematical-statistical methods (objective evaluation of the experimental data obtained) were used. A prominent level of the coefficient was observed for the trait “grain weight per spikelet”, ranging from 0.66 to 0.88 in hybrid populations OM 11-3007/Abel, OM 2803/Abel, Percy Can/Inermis, Percy Can/Abel. The analysis of the second-generation F2 intervarietal hybrids of naked oat allowed the identification of transgressions for all the studied traits. The highest number of positive transgressions was found for the following productivity traits: spike length (Tf 31.82 – 59.09%, Td 7.53 – 15.49%); number of spikelets per spike (Tf 27.30 – 54.50%, Td 8.85 – 26.49%); number of grains per spikelet (Tf 45.50 – 77.27%, Td 16.63 – 27.62%); and grain weight per spikelet (Tf 63.64 – 81.80%, Td 18.12 – 25.36%). The selection-genetic analysis of studying the nature of heritability, frequency, and degree of transgressive variation in spikelet productivity traits of F2 naked oat hybrids allowed the identification of a considerable number of transgressive forms, in which productivity elements vary widely, indicating successful selection work in creating promising high-yielding breeding material","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134997862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and biological characteristics and productivity analysis of sunflower hybrids","authors":"Ermir Shahini, Ruslan Mialkovskyi, Kateryna Nebaba, Oleksandr Ivanyshyn, Diana Liubytska","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.83","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of the biological characteristics of sunflower hybrids and their potential to improve the qualities of the plant under study that are useful for agricultural development is considered relevant. The research aims to carefully and in-depth evaluate the biological characteristics of sunflower hybrids to obtain information on the possibility of improving the qualities of the plant under study that is useful for agricultural development. During the experiment, the properties of such sunflower hybrids as Ukrainian F1 (control sample), P62LL109 Pioneer (Classic), LG5377 (Limagrain), ES Bella (Euralis Semans) and NK Rocky (Syngenta) were investigated. Each of these plants is listed in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. The methods used in this research work include the production method, weighing and measuring, visual, laboratory and chemical, and mathematical. It was determined that the best indicators of productivity and economic characteristics are observed in three hybrid species, namely Ukrainian F1 (the best morphological characteristics, the highest weight of 1000 seeds, and hulling level), NK Rocky (Syngenta) (the highest percentage of fat and oil yield per 1 ha) and P62LL109 (Pioneer) (the highest weight of seeds per basket and bulk weight, the lowest hulling level, the highest yield). This may be useful for agricultural enterprises that may be interested in growing new sunflower hybrids with improved productivity and economic characteristics. The results of the study may become an impetus for further research of existing and creation of new sunflower hybrids that will be most useful for agricultural development","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134997863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of winter wheat ear productivity formation depending on the content of trace elements in the soil","authors":"Oleh Stasiv, Oleksandr Dubytskyi, Oksana Kachmar, Anhelina Dubytska, Oksana Vavrynovych","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"The study of patterns of the formation of ear productivity depending on the content of potentially bioavailable Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu in the soil, the stochastic formalization of such patterns are important for a more profound understanding of the conceptual and mechanistic aspects of the dependence of yield development on the levels of nutrient supply of winter wheat under the conditions of environmentally friendly fertilization systems. The purpose of this study was to find statistically significant interdependencies, significant and relevant univariate or multivariate regression equations of the dependence of the mass of grains of ear-1 of winter wheat on the content of potentially bioavailable Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu in the soil, arguments and explanations of such subordinations under the conditions of environmentally friendly fertilization systems. The following methods were used in the study: field, laboratoryanalytical, mass-spectrometric, mathematical-statistical (Student’s t-test, ANOVA, correlational, single- and multivariate regression analyses). The applied green fertilization systems based on pea straw or pea straw + N30P45K45, or N60P90K90, only N60P90K90 caused an increase in the weight of grains of one ear of winter wheat, the content of mobile forms of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu in the grey forest soil under this culture (earing phase), compared to the control (without fertilizers). Substantial and significant Pearson correlation coefficients between the mass of grains of an ear of wheat and the content of mobile Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu in the soil, the corresponding contents of Mn and Zn, Cu and Zn, as well as the coefficients of partial correlation of the mass of grains of ear-1 of wheat – Cu, Mn – Zn testified to the complex structure of interdependencies between the traits under study. Reliable, relevant single- and multifactorial regression dependences of the mass of grains of ear-1 on linear combinations of products of independent variables (the content of mobile Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu in the soil) and/or such variables in indicators of natural powers 2-4 (fragments of the Kolmogorov-Gabor polynomial) were found. The coverage of regularities in the formation of the productivity of the ear of winter wheat depending on the content of potentially bioavailable microelements in the soil under the conditions of environmentally friendly fertilization systems will enable the theoretical substantiation and development of the latest strategies of mineral and ecological engineering of agricultural systems to maintain prominent levels and biological safety of the harvest of the specified crop","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental problems from rainfall runoff","authors":"Iryna Myskovets, Yaroslav Molchak","doi":"10.48077/scihor8.2023.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor8.2023.109","url":null,"abstract":"The state of surface water objects requires constant attention, since on the one hand – they are the sources of fresh water, and on the other hand – the wastewater receivers. Whole range of factors influence the state of surface waters: climatic characteristics, hydrology, soil features and water quality. The relevance of this topic is due to the difficult socio-ecological situation in the river basins of Ukraine; during decades, the aquatic ecosystems have been considered and used only as an economic resource for industrial and agricultural production and the discharge of pollutants, which has led to a rapid decrease in the ecological potential of natural water objects. The purpose of the study is to analyze the natural and anthropogenic impacts on the formation of surface runoff, to determine mathematical dependencies for an adequate calculation of volumes of surface runoff, considering the anthropogenic impacts, which changes the natural features of hydrographs in watercourses and the quality of surface waters. To determine the volumes of surface runoff, it is used the methods that are based both on the direct instrumental measurements and on the construction of various digital models. In the course of the study, it has been identified the main factors influencing the formation of anthropogenic floods, as well as the most typical pollutants, which are present in the surface runoff from the areas with residential construction and artificial coating. The article proposes a number of improvements to the existing mathematical dependencies based on the theory of isochrones for a more accurate display of the processes that form the surface runoff. The resulting mathematical model can be used for predicting the surface runoff from various surfaces, both natural and those that have undergone changes as a result of anthropogenic impact, which in the future can become the basis for the development of environmental measures","PeriodicalId":52817,"journal":{"name":"Naukovi gorizonti","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}