Humanisma Journal of Gender Studies最新文献

{"title":"PEMBERDAYAAN WANITA DAN TANAH ADAT MINANG","authors":"A. Azima","doi":"10.30983/JH.V2I2.773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/JH.V2I2.773","url":null,"abstract":"In the Minang community, women are considered as holders of trust and all decisions related to the use of their typical land are still dependent on the decisions of the adat leaders. In another sense, a woman is justified in possessing but the property given to her is pregnant soon (Norhalim Ibrahim 2005). Indigenous women will be grouped with land ownership but in terms of power and rights to land still controlled by traditional leaders. The lack of power in the context of managing and using customary land has led to various issues that have touched indigenous lands. The issue is the issue of customary land that is not cultivated and has become widespread. Therefore, this study aims to examine how indigenous women become hindered as a result of the boundaries held by them. Therefore, in-depth interviews with customary land owners in the study area were conducted. The study found that there were a number of obstacles that hindered efforts to capture indigenous women. Because of the allocation of Enakmen Chapter 215 customary land, conflicts between trustees and tribes, it is difficult to obtain credit facilities and the location of customary land. This situation eventually pushed to the limits of efforts to wake up the economy of women. The lack of power resulting from limited property rights makes the economic empowerment of indigenous women not easy to handle. Thus some changes in the context of traditional leadership must need to think about the relevance of ownership that is more utilizing the owner, but in the same period it does not conflict with the existence of the Minang ethnic and ethnic groups.Dalam masyarakat Minang wanita dianggap sebagai pemegang amanah dan segala keputusan berkait dengan urusan pemakaian tanah khasnya masih lagi tergantung kepada keputusan pemimpin adat. Dalam erti lain, seseorang wanita itu dibenarkan memiliki tetapi hakmilik yang diberikan kepadanya adalah hamilik terhad (Norhalim Ibrahim 2005).   Wanita adat akan  diompokkan dengan pemilikan tanah tetapi dari segi kuasa dan hak terhadap tanah masih dikuasai oleh pemimpin adat.  Ketiadaan kuasa dalam konteks mengurus dan memakai tanah adat menyebabkan timbul pelbagai isu yang menyentuh tanah adat. Antaranya adalah isu tanah adat yang tidak diusahakan dan menjadi terbiar. Oleh yang demikian kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana pemerkasaan wanita adat menjadi terhalang akibat daripada sekatan pegangan yang dimiliki oleh mereka.  Oleh itu indepth interview dengan pemilik tanah adat  di kawasan kajian dilakukan. Dapatan kajian mendapati terdapat beberapa halangan yang menghalang usaha untuk memperkasakan wanita adat.  Antaranya peruntukan tanah adat Enakmen Bab 215, konflik antara pemegang amanah dan keberadaan suku, kesukaran mendapatkan kemudahan kredit dan lokasi tanah adat.  Keadaan ini akhirnya mendorong kepada batasan terhadap usaha membangunkan ekonomi wanita.  Ketiadaan kuasa akibat daripada hak milik yang terhad menjadikan  usaha pemberdayaan ekonom","PeriodicalId":52683,"journal":{"name":"Humanisma Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79027423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMPATHY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD:A PRELIMINARY STUDY","authors":"Charyna Ayu Rizkiyanti, A. I. Murty","doi":"10.30983/jh.v2i2.813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/jh.v2i2.813","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, bullying is still becoming an unsolvable issue in Indonesia. Among students, bullying phenomenon happens started from kindergarten level untill high school level. By having empathy, children are being much more understanding, more adept at handling anger and daring to say no to commit violence, including bullying. This current research examines the preschoolers’ empathy through self-report in response to short clip. The short clip assesses the extent to which children endorsed behaviours that were regarded as showing their empathy towards others (cognitive and affective). A total of 50 preschoolers with age 4-6 year old participated in this study. By decriptive analysis, result found that all preschoolers with the exception of a few showed empathy in two components, both cognitive and affective. This study implies that in order to elevate children’s empathy, parents must be modelling how to  identify and express emotions toward them. Saat ini, intimidasi masih menjadi masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan di Indonesia. Di kalangan siswa, fenomena bullying terjadi mulai dari tingkat TK hingga tingkat SMA. Dengan memiliki empati, anak-anak menjadi jauh lebih pengertian, lebih mahir dalam menangani kemarahan dan berani mengatakan tidak untuk melakukan kekerasan, termasuk bullying. Penelitian saat ini meneliti empati anak-anak prasekolah melalui laporan diri sebagai tanggapan terhadap klip singkat. Klip pendek menilai sejauh mana anak-anak mendukung perilaku yang dianggap menunjukkan empati mereka terhadap orang lain (kognitif dan afektif). Sebanyak 50 anak prasekolah dengan usia 4-6 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Dengan analisis deskriptif, hasil menemukan bahwa semua anak prasekolah dengan pengecualian beberapa menunjukkan empati dalam dua komponen, baik kognitif dan afektif. Studi ini menyiratkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan empati anak, orang tua harus menjadi model bagaimana mengidentifikasi dan mengekspresikan emosi terhadap mereka.Keywords: Empathy, preschooler, cognitive-affective empathy, compassionate ","PeriodicalId":52683,"journal":{"name":"Humanisma Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"416 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84904789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN LINTAU BUO UTARA TENTANG HUKUM PERKAWINAN SEHUBUNGAN DENGAN TERJADINYA PERKAWINAN ANAK","authors":"Ashabul Fadhli","doi":"10.30983/jh.v2i2.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/jh.v2i2.811","url":null,"abstract":"Adanya praktek perkawinan anak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat di Kecamatan Lintau Buo Utara diyakini bermula dari kompleksitas persoalan yang sembraut, diantaranya adalah lemahnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai hukum perkawinan. Pada temuan di lapangan, pelaksanaan pernikahan yang dilansungkan oleh orang tua atau keluarga besar anak dilakukan dalam dua bentuk yaitu perkawinan yang dilakukan di Kantor Pengadilan Agama Batusangkar setelah mendapatkan penetapan hukum dispensasi kawin dan perkawinan yang tidak dilakukan melalui hukum Negara. Pada bentuk perkawinan yang kedua, perkawinan biasanya dilakukan secara diam-diam atau di bawah tangan. Temuan ini dikuatkanoleh penuturan dan informasi dari masyarakat setempat yang sekiranya sudah dianggap sebagai suatu hal yang biasa. Untuk menyikapi informasi dan kebiasaan masyarakat di atas, penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengulas dan mendalami pemahaman masyarakat terkait sejauh mana aturan hukum Negara melalui hukum perkawinan dilaksanakan.Pada akhir penelitian akan diketahui apakah pertimbangan menikahkan anak sudah terintegrasi dengan baik antara ide-ide fiqh dan isi Undang-Undang Perkawinan, atau hanya sebatas pengetahuan yang tidak dilaksanakan, dan selalu berujung pada kebiasaan menikahkan anak dengan cara-cara yang bertentangan dengan hukum negara. The existence of child marriage practices conducted by the community in Kecamatan Lintau Buo Utara is believed to stem from the complexity of unresolved issues among others is the weak knowledge of the community regarding marriage law. In the field findings, the marriage exercises carried out by the parents or the extended family of children are conducted in two forms: marriage done at the Batusangkar Religious Courts Office after obtaining the law of marriage and marriage dispensation which is not done through the law of the State. In the second form of marriage, marriage is usually done secretly or under the hands. These findings are corroborated by the narrative and information of the local community which if it has been considered as a matter of course. To address the information and habits of the community above, this research seeks to review and deepen the understanding of the people related to the extent to which the rule of law of the State through marriage law is implemented. At the end of the research will be known whether the consideration of marriage is well integrated between the ideas of fiqh and the contents of the Marriage Law, or only limited knowledge that is not implemented, and always led to the habit of marrying children in ways that contradict state law.","PeriodicalId":52683,"journal":{"name":"Humanisma Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79786385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SJARIKAT SIMPAN-PINJAM DAN KONGSI OESAHA: RESPON ATAS MONETERISASI KOLONIAL","authors":"Dedi Arsa","doi":"10.30983/jh.v2i2.812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/jh.v2i2.812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><em>Artikel</em><em> ini </em><em>menelaah moneterisasi dan respon atasnya di Nusantara, khususnya di Minangkabau. </em><em>Penyusunan</em><em>nya </em><em>menggunakan metode penyusunan yang dikenal pada umumnya dalam metode penyusunan sejarah modern</em><em>: </em><em>heuristik</em><em>,</em><em> kritik intern-ekstern</em><em>;</em><em> interpretasi</em><em>;</em><em> dan ekplanasi dalam bentuk historiografi.</em><em> Dari artikel ini dihasilkan: 1). </em><em>Kehadiran kolonial mengintensifkan ekonomi uang </em><em>(moneterisasi) </em><em>ke dalam masyarakat tradisional yang sebelumnya belum begitu terasuki </em><em>secara nyata ke dalam </em><em>sistem ini</em><em>. Prosesnya berlangsung l</em><em>ewat dua periode penting kolonialisme: Sistem Tanam Paksa & Liberalisasi Ekonomi</em><em>. 2). Implikasinya: i</em><em>katan kolektif merenggang </em><em>dan </em><em>ketergantungan baru kepada negera kolonial dengan ekonomi uangnya yang individual meningkat</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>serta masyarakat mengalami k</em><em>eterbelahan </em><em> yang </em><em>menciptakan keadaan anomie</em><em>, suatu masyarakat yang terguncang secara sosiologis. 3). Kondisi ini direspon dengan terbentuknya perkumpulan simpan-pinjam maupun syarikat-syarikat usaha atau kongsi-kongsi bersama. Hal ini untuk menciptakan usaha kolektif yang telah terkikis oleh sistem kapital yang cenderung individualis. Usaha ini mengeras dalam bentuk/formulasi yang lebih baku: Koperasi. Namun. sepanjang sejarah, koperasi tidak dapat tumbuh, menjadi dominan, dalam mengimbangi perkembanga ekonomi uang yang semakin mapan.  </em><em></em></p><p align=\"center\"> </p>","PeriodicalId":52683,"journal":{"name":"Humanisma Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75705503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}