Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology最新文献

{"title":"Physico-Chemical Characterization and Quality of Agricultural Soils in the Zaër Region (Morocco)","authors":"Mariyam El Omari, Nadia Amziane, Mohammed Amine Zerdeb, Basma Naoui, Abdelali El Mekkaoui, Nouhaila Akhlidej, Jamal Oubbih, Saïd Chakiri, Omar Amahmid, Abdelmjid Zouahri","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171528","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study of the soils of the Zaër region is part of a context of good development, preservation and sustainability of agricultural soils. Its aim is to establish a reference framework for the physico-chemical characteristics of the region’s agricultural soils. It was based on a spring sampling campaign carried out in 2021. Composite samples taken from thirteen sites with diverse soils were analysed in the laboratory. The soil analysis results were compared with reference values. The soils examined were moderately acidic to moderately alkaline, with low levels of organic matter. Nevertheless, concentrations of exchangeable calcium and magnesium were found to be sufficient, while sodium levels were very low. Furthermore, cation exchange capacity was low in spring, reflecting the soil’s high and low nutrient retention capacity respectively. Phosphorus and potassium levels appear to be low. In the light of these results, the use of organic and mineral fertilisers and calcium amendments is strongly recommended to improve agricultural quality and productivity in the region studied.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"194 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Depollution Project on the Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Quality of Rabat's Coastal Waters","authors":"Youssef Idrissi, Soraya El Hamdouni, Essediya Cherkaoui, Mohamed Khamar, Abderrahman Nounah","doi":"10.12912/27197050/172671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/172671","url":null,"abstract":"Morocco’s Atlantic coast, faces significant anthropogenic disturbances, leading to pollution in its waters used for various purposes. The primary objective of this study is to shed light on how the depollution project, a crucial part of the Bouregreg valley development plan, has influenced the coastal area of the city. This has been achieved through a comprehensive analysis of the water quality, focusing on both physico-chemical characteristics and bacteriological aspects. Thirteen specific physico-chemical parameters and fecal pollution indicators were me - ticulously monitored along the coastline. The goal was to gain insights into how water quality has changed over time and across different locations. The results of this investigation have revealed the substantial impact of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) on the area, with varying degrees of efficiency observed, such as 63.04% for turbidity, 52.21% for BOD 5 , and 40% for organic matter.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"5 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution to the Modeling of the Organic Matter of Moroccan Forest Soils within the Context of Global Change: Case study of the Central Plateau","authors":"Youssef Dallahi, Mohamed El Imame Malaainine, Ishak Hbiak, Amal Boujraf, Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Abidine, Collins Ashianga Orlando, Modeste Meliho, Mohamed El Mderssa, Abdenaim Minoubi","doi":"10.12912/27197050/172004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/172004","url":null,"abstract":"Organic matter is a major component of soil. It is of considerable ecological importance given its role in determining soil health, influencing ecosystem productivity and climate. For this reason, it is essential to carry out studies to evaluate its dynamics in natural ecosystems. In this study, the authors aimed to explore the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) in forest ecosystems of the Central Plateau in Morocco, as well as to investigate the potential of spectral vegetation indices in modeling SOM. To this end, the soil samples for analysis were collected from 30 sites across three vegetation types, including cork oak, Barbary thuja and scrub (matorral). In addition, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was extracted from Landsat 8 images to be used to model SOM using linear regression. The obtained results showed a weak, although statistically significant (α < 0.05), correlation between NDVI and SOM at 0.45. In addition, only the scrub type showed a statistically significant (α < 0.05) relationship between its corresponding SOM and NDVI, and was therefore retained for modeling. Vegetation type had a statistically strong influence (α < 0.01) on SOM, with cork oak and garrigue ecosystems having the highest and lowest SOM contents with 5.61% and 2.36%, respectively. In addition, the highest SOM contents were observed under slightly acidic pH soils on mild, warm slopes at high altitude sites, while the lowest were found in lowland areas with predominantly weakly evolved soil.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"8 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Properties of &lt;i&gt;Chamaerops Humilis&lt;/i&gt; L.: Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Leaf, Fruit and Pulp Extracts","authors":"Houria Nekhla, Majid Atmani, Laila El Hanafi, Wijdane Rhioui, Abdelfatah Goubi, Wafae Squalli, Aziz Zahri, Ahmed Harrach, Lahsen El Ghadraoui","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171868","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to evaluate the polyphenol and flavonoid composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of leaf, fruit and pulp extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. Dry extracts of leaves, fruits and pulp were prepared by ultrasonic extraction and examined as potential sources of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Different methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts, including DPPH free radical scavenging assay and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the tested extracts were examined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride (AlCl 3 ) methods, respectively. The antibacterial activity of leaf, fruit and pulp extracts against a collection of bacterial strains was evaluated using various in vitro methods, including well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacte - ricidal concentration (MBC). The results suggest that the leaf, the fruit and the pulp extracts have good potential as sources of bioactive compounds, the TPC and TFC of leaves were 116.209 ± 1.58 and 2.313 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g d.w, respectively. The TPC and TFC were 78.621 ± 1.06 and 0.425± 0.02 mg GAE/g dry weight in fruits, respectively. The best ability to trap DPPH radical was observed in the leaf extract (IC50 = 4.006 ± 0.36 mg/ml d.w); also, this extract revealed a better total antioxidant capacity of 119.702 ± 1.59 mg AGE/g dry weight. Regarding antibacterial activity, the leaves showed an important antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms with MIC ranging from 0.195 mg/ml to 3.125 mg/ml and with an inhibition diameter ranging from 12.03 ± 0.2 mm to 16.26 ± 0.03 mm Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between phytochemical parameters (TPC and TFC) and biological activities (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities). These results revealed that leaves, fruits and pulp extracts of C. humilis are a good source of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant and antibacterial potentials. Therefore, they can be a new and alternative source of products for medical and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"8 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximate Analysis and Calorific Value of Fuel Briquettes from Wood and Coffee Skins Biomass as a Renewable Energy Source","authors":"I Nyoman Sukarta, I Dewa Ketut Sastrawidana, I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa","doi":"10.12912/27197050/172506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/172506","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fuels made from biomass are Charcoal briquettes. The biomass used in this study was coffee husk and coffee wood. This study aims to find out the ratio of coffee husk and coffee wood that accordance the briquette standards of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) and (Indonesian Nasional Standard) SNI 01-6235-2000. In this research, a comparison was made between coffee fruit skin charcoal and coffee wood charcoal with a ratio of 100:0 (KK 1 ), 75:25 (KK 2 ), 50:50 (KK 3 ), 25:75 (KK 4 ), 0:100 (KK 5 ). The resulting briquettes were tested for their proximate value using a furnace, for the calorific value they were tested using a boom calorimeter. Apart from that, a combustion rate test was also carried out by burning briquettes in a combustion furnace. The results of the analysis of proximate obtained were water content of the briquettes ranging from 3.39–5.91%, all of which in accordance with SNI and also which in accordance with the regulation of ESDM, the ash content that which in accordance with SNI was KK 4 and KK 5 , namely 6.71% respectively. and 6.47% and those that comply with the ESDM Ministerial Regulation are KK 3 , KK 4 and KK 5 with ash content values of 9.62%, 6.71% and 6.47% respectively. Meanwhile, the volatile matter value ranges from 32.31–35.59%, not yet accordance with SNI. for fixed carbon values ranging from 50.1–54.55%, this also does not accordance with SNI. However, for the calorific value of 4536–6723 Cal/g, all of them meet the ESDM Ministerial Regulation, and those that accordance with SNI is KK 2 , KK 3 , KK 4 and KK 5 with calorific values of 5650, 5821, 5866 and 6723 Cal/g respectively. Meanwhile, the combustion rate ranges from 0.341 to 0.711 g/min. Coffee husk waste combined with coffee wood has the potential to be used as fuel briquettes where the KK 4 composition has water content, ash content and calorific value that meets SNI and ESDM regulations, even though the volatile matter and fixed carbon values do not yet meet.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection Coordination for Wind Farm Integration in the Kosovo Transmission System","authors":"Armend Ymeri, Nexhmi Krasniqi, Rexhep Shaqiri","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171495","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of wind power generators into transmission system presents several challenges related to protection schemes, particularly in the areas of relay protection and overcurrent protection. This paper provides an overview in the impact of connecting wind power generators to the transmission system and discusses the key considerations for designing effective relay and overcurrent protection strategies. Intensive analysis was conducted on multiple scenarios involving critical short-circuits, occurring at different nodes within the system, specifically focusing on three-phase current. The situation where the circuit breaker is disconnected after the relay protection was activated, ensuring the protection of high voltage equipment, was also examined. Without proper protection coordination, the selectivity, reliability and sensitivity of the protection system can be compromised. In this paper, a comprehensive protection coordination strategy was developed for the new substation 35/10 kV in Koznica. The use of system simulation techniques, such as employing (Electrical Transient Analyser Program (ETAP) software, can be an effective way to validate the performance and functionality of a system protection. In all simulated scenarios, the analysis identified the circuit breakers that were activated in response to short-circuit faults. This ap - proach ensured the reliability and accuracy of the coordination scheme, thereby enhancing the overall performance and resilience of the system.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"10 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Water Stress on the Planktonic Biodiversity of the Youssef Ben Tachafine Dam (Souss Massa, Morocco)","authors":"Fatima Boudarfa, El Mahjoub Gallouli, Mohamed El Hafa, Ahmed Aamiri, Hassan Oulad Ali","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171665","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a large-scale disturbance that affects freshwater ecosystems worldwide. This recurrent phenomenon in Morocco, has experienced severe episodes during the last decade and has caused water stress in several aquatic ecosystems including the Youssef Ben Tachafine dam. Indeed, the volume of this reservoir has experienced its lowest historical hydrological level (12%) during the study period. To study the effects of water stress on water quality and planktonic community structure, water samples were collected from January 2019 to December 2020 at nine depths. The physicochemical parameters of the water were measured in parallel with the qualitative and quantitative study of the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. The results obtained show a low plank-tonic diversity with only 43 phytoplanktonic species and 27 zooplanktonic species. The phytoplankton showed an almost permanent predominance of Chlorophyceae (85%), dominated by Closterium pronum , followed by Diato-mophyceae (9.5%), dominated by Cyclotella ocellata . Rotifers represent the most abundant zooplanktonic group during the study period with two dominant species ( Keratella tecta and Polyarthra vulgaris ). Statistical analysis of the data from this study, using R software, revealed a negative correlation between Cladoceran species, Copepods and the diatom Cyclotella ocellata on the one hand and the decrease in water level, temperature and enrichment of the environment in nutrients and phytoplanktonic biomass on the other. This study shows that the effect of the extreme drought, which the Youssef Ben Tachafine dam has experienced, has altered the diversity and structure of planktonic communities, which threatens the sustainability of ecological services of this ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"9 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Sustainable Energy Future – The Case for Smart Grids in Jordan","authors":"Yazid Shuqair","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Water Quality in Taza, Morocco: A Physicochemical and Bacteriological Assessment with the SEQ-Water System","authors":"Rachid Mahmoud, Imane Mehdaoui, Fatima-zahra El madani, Mohamed Ben Abbou, Zineb Majbar, El Mokhtar Saoudi Hassani, Mustapha Taleb, Zakia Rais","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"188 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Urban Water Quality with Green Infrastructure – A Study in Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico","authors":"Roger Abraham Abanto Bazán, René Alberto Dávila Pórcel, Gloria Lourdes Dimas Rivera, Santiago Iván Suárez Vázquez","doi":"10.12912/27197050/171866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/171866","url":null,"abstract":"Green roofs and living walls are effective tools for addressing water management challenges in urban environ - ments. These green infrastructure elements can mitigate rainwater runoff, reduce water contamination, and support more sustainable flow regulation. They also contribute to temperature regulation and provide habitat support for urban wildlife. Careful plant selection can maximize the positive impact of green infrastructure, reducing pollution levels and improving water quality in densely populated urban areas with extreme weather conditions. The research presented in this article raises awareness about potential challenges and risks associated with green infrastructure, such as pollutant release. Understanding the factors that influence water quality enables improved man - agement practices and sustainable urban planning. The article also identifies various plant species with remarkable contaminant retention capabilities, particularly several metals such as calcium and sodium. These findings propose the design of effective green infrastructure solutions. This study confirms that green infrastructure effectively filters pollutants from precipitation water, making it suitable for injection into underground water wells. Overall, the research provides valuable scientific insights for urban water management, fostering eco-friendly and resilient cities in semi-arid climates.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"6 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}