Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology最新文献

{"title":"Efficiency of Vegetative Reclamation of Coal Spoil Heaps","authors":"V. Popovych, M. Petlovanyi, Y. Henyk, N. Popovych, P. Bosak","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143137","url":null,"abstract":"Coal spoil-heaps cause man-made pressure on the environment of the coal mining area. Coal mining, and in recent years the mass closure of mines, have been accompanied by a negative impact on natural objects and engineering structures; the basements of houses and buildings are flooded, walls and wooden fences rot, crops, trees and bushes are destroyed. Reclamation is carried out on spoil-heaps of coal mines to reduce the man-made pressure. However, in the process of rock dumping on the spoil-heaps ,a neorelief begins to emerge causing the vegetation development. The emergence of vegetation groups is a positive phenomenon, as phytomass decomposition promotes the formation of humus. The development of vegetation on the surface of coal spoil-heaps is called vegetative reclamation or phytomelioration. The efficiency of vegetative reclamation is calculated in points and is an indicator of the suitability of a particular man-made object for natural overgrowth. The aim of the work was to establish the features of spatial arrangement of plants in populations on the surface of coal spoil-heaps. It was established that on the coal spoil-heaps, as well as under natural conditions, vegetation tends to aggregate, thus forming phytogenic fields. It should be noted that at different stages of successions, phytogenic fields are formed in different ways. A monocentric phytogenic field arises on the waste heaps during the syngenetic stage of succession. The initial endecogenetic stage of succession provides the formation of phytogenic fields of two types. The first type is the initial polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by the ability to combine several individuals of the same species. The second type is a mature polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by higher resistance, and plant community is already able to convert geoprocesses. The mature endoecogenic stage of succession is characterized by the development and expansion of tree species, and the phytogenic field is acentric and global. This kind of phytogenic fields is found on tailings with artificial vegetative reclamation.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48942082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of the Decorative Advantages of Coniferous Trees and Shrubs for Landscaping","authors":"A. Semenyutina, M.Ye. Tsoi, Darya Sapronova, V. Sapronov","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143134","url":null,"abstract":"Under the arid conditions of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region, the natural populations of coniferous trees are practically absent, and Juniperus sabina is present from coniferous shrubs. The introduction of new species of co niferous plants can increase the biodiversity of the flora of the region. The participation of new coniferous species in the greening of settlements can contribute to the formation of comfortable and healthy living conditions for the population. The objects of the study were Juniperus virginiana L., J. sabina L., J. communis L., Thuja occidentalis L., Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. viridis (Schwer.) Franco, P. menziesii var. glauca (Mayr) Franco, growing in the nurseries of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Volgograd) and the Lower Volga Station for the selection of tree species (Kamyshin). Within the framework of the study, a scale was formed with a score grading of decorative features. The score-rating score for each species distributed the places in the ranking according to the set of decorative features: 1st place (206 points) – Pseudotsuga menziesii var. viridis (Schwer.) Franco, P. menziesii var. glauca (Mayr) Franco, 2nd place (192 points) – Juniperus vir-giniana L., 3rd place (188 points) – Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, 4th place (185 points) – J. sabina L., J. communis L., 5th place (183 points) – Thuja occidentalis L. Among a number of studied species, J. virginiana L., T. occidentalis L. are characterized by the greatest decorativeness and versatility of ap -plication., P. orientalis (L.) Franco, can be used to create group, single plantings, hedges, and high clipped walls. J. communis L., Pseudotsuga menziesii var. viridis (Schwer.) Franco, P. menziesii var. glauca (Mayr) Franco is more recommended for creating group compositional and single plantings. In turn, J. sabina L. is recommended for landscaping completely open dry and heavily lit slopes, creating green islands on the lawn.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficiency of Mg-Al/Biochar for Methyl Orange and Methyl Red Removal","authors":"A. Badri, N. Juleanti, R. Mohadi, M. Mardiyanto, A. Lesbani","doi":"10.12912/27197050/142971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/142971","url":null,"abstract":"MgAl-LDH was directly impregnated with biochar to fabricate MgAl-Biochar (MgAl/BC) and applied to remove methyl orange (MO) and methyl red (MR). The XRD, BET, FTIR, TG-DTA and SEM analyses were conducted to characterize the prepared material. The result of XRD characterization diffraction peaks at 11.47, 22.86, 34.69, and 61.6 shows that the precursor was successfully transformed to MgAl-BC. The FT-IR analysis at vibration 1010, 1381,3447 and 1635 cm-1 illustrated that the composite was well formed. The BET analysis showed that the surface area of the MgAl-BC composite was 111.404 m2/g which was larger than that of the precursor, equal to 23.15 m2/g. The kinetic model of the adsorption study both MR and MO were fitted to PSO and followed the Langmuir model with adsorption capacities for MR 142.857 mg/g and MO 128.205 mg/g. The regeneration study of composite indicated higher efficiency than the pristine and show good stability of adsorption process in five cycles.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45644950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of the Mine Water Purification Efficiency via Modified Settling Tank","authors":"O. Kovrov, D. Kulikova","doi":"10.12912/27197050/142943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/142943","url":null,"abstract":"Coal mining technologies always lead to tremendous environmental pollution of air, water resources, lands and biodiversity, both in regional and global scale. The level of environmental safety and ecological quality of the coal-mining region significantly decreases due to mining operations. In particular, mine waters with solid particles and dissolved chemicals are discharged to surface reservoirs. The suspended substances of mine waters, both in solid and dissolved forms, pose a high threat for the ecological and chemical balance of natural waters. Due to the ability to adsorb heavy metals, they play a significant role in the pollution of nearby water bodies. Chemicals not only change the quality of water bodies, but also pose an increased environmental risk to aquatic organisms and the health of the population. The purpose of the paper was to revise the mine water drainage technological scheme of the “Stepova” coal mine, as the subdivision of the “DTEK Pavlogradvugillya” Public Joint-Stock Company (Ukraine), and justify the technical considerations concerning implementation of a horizontal settling tank with unique design. It is justified that such mechanical treatment facility with vertical perforated partitions will significantly improve the overall water quality and provide further treatment in the storage pond. The modeling of the mine water purification process for the conditions of the “Stepova” coal mine was carried out due to the investigation of the kinetics of suspended particles precipitation simulated under laboratory conditions. The obtained dependences allow selecting the most optimal design and technological parameters of the proposed settling tank of advanced design. The values of the expected technological parameters of the proposed settling tank were determined, namely the predicted value of mine water purification efficiency, approximate depth of particles sedimentation in the point of treated water removal from the settling tank, and the hydraulic size of suspended solids. It was established that the implementation of the proposed technological scheme of mine water purification will reduce the concentration of suspended solids to the normative concentrations allowed for discharge into surface water bodies.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46021878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar Dryer with Electronic PID Controller for Dry Potato Production","authors":"Javier Herrera Morales, Hipólito Carbajal Morán, Angel Almidón Elescano","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143784","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the research was to determine the amount of moist extractable matter from the precooked potato dough with the cut in the shape of sticks and the acceleration of the subtraction of moisture from the matter to be dried inside the solar dryer, controlling the flow of dry air entering the collector through six fans. The temperature and relative humidity in the dryer vary with the flow of air that enters the interior of the dryer and by the heat of the brass generated by the exposure of the extraction chamber to radiation from the Sun from 9:00 am. to 5:00 pm. The temperature and relative humidity values detected by the DHT 22 sensor were processed by the Arduino based microcontroller that has embedded the PID control program, whose outputs acted on the fans and heaters, fed with conventional energy, with respect to the setpoints of temperature 36.5 °C and relative humidity 33%. 26 temperature and relative humidity samples were taken during the day, inside the solar dryer chamber with electronic PID controller. As a result, an average controlled temperature of 36.36 °C and relative humidity of 33.115% were obtained in the dryer chamber, allowing the extraction of 73.16% of the weight of the wet matter from the precooked potato. Achieving, dry potato weighing 26.84% of the initial mass, in a drying time of 8 hours.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45876465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological, Economic and Practical Aspects of Water Treatment in the Galvanic Industry","authors":"V. Pohrebennyk, P. Koszelnik, A. Nester, T. Libus, G. Kalda, M. Kida, A. Pękala","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143379","url":null,"abstract":"The galvanic industry and the production of printed circuit boards are a significant source of environmental pollution, they pose a threat comparable to the chemical industry. They pollute both the atmosphere, the biosphere and the hydrosphere. The paper presents an assessment of the negative impact on the environment, galvanic production and the resulting post-production waste. It was proposed to use the technology of regeneration of used treating solutions, in which the recovered metal can be reused as a secondary raw material for the production of copper products. The regenerated solution, on the other hand, can be used to treat integrated circuit boards. As part of the work, with the use of a microscope, the structural characteristics of the metal surface obtained as a result of the applied regeneration process were carried out. The indicator of the total exposure to substances present in the deposit formed during production was determined, both before (0.045) and after the introduction of the new technology (100). The economic analysis of the planned project based on the new technology showed that the implementation of the presented method of wastewater treatment allows for obtaining significant benefits, both financial and environmental. The analyses performed can be a valuable source of information on how to reduce the impact environment during the production of integrated circuit boards, as well as on the possibilities of obtaining less expensive materials in the form of secondary raw materials.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43946870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Processes of Radionuclide-Contaminated Territories Decontamination in the Framework of Their Ecological-Socio-Economic Rehabilitation","authors":"Y. Chernysh, M. Bálintová, V. Shtepa, P. Skvortsova, Maksym Skydanenko, M. Fukui","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143002","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale disasters at nuclear power plants (NPPs) and their consequences are still the subject of discussion by the world scientific community, which makes mankind recognize the unsolved problem of radiation pollution. Accordingly, the search for new effective biocomposite materials with high sorption capacity to eliminate harmful effects associated with radiation contamination of large territories is an urgent task on a global scale. This paper is devoted to the study of the decontamination processes of the areas contaminated with radionuclides, the search for new mechanisms of fixation of radionuclides and heavy metals in the soil using the matrix material of different origin. In order to intensify the process of radionuclide fixation in the soil-plant system the method consisting of introducing into the soil the organic-mineral biocomposite based on sewage sludge and phosphogypsum after anaerobic fermentation was proposed. It is necessary to further study the processes of sorption and radionuclides solubilization due to complexation with organic agents present in matrix materials of different nature. The mechanisms of radionuclide and heavy metal fixation using matrix material of different origin were analyzed and a general model was formed. The direction of integration of radionuclide-contaminated soil decontamination technologies into the process of ecological, social, and economic development of the territories under rehabilitation after the accidents at the Chernobyl NPP and Fukushima-1 NPP is proposed.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41332709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Rain Water Harvesting Structure for Engineering Block","authors":"V. Garg, A. Bansal, M. Dubey","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45092756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Aerobic-Reagent Technology for the Pre-Treatment of Leachates from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills","authors":"M. Malovanyy, V. Zhuk, L. Boichyshyn, I. Tymchuk, N. Vronska, Ruslan Grechanik","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143004","url":null,"abstract":"Accumulation of leachate at municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills is a significant environmental problem. The analysis of known technologies of leachate treatment was performed. It was established that it is not effective to use the same technology to treat leachate in two different periods: before the landfill closure and reclamation process as well as afterwards. The application of integrated two-stage aerobic-reagent pre-treatment technology with subsequent full treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants was proposed for these purposes. The results of laboratory studies of optimal parameters of technology realization for the pre-treatment of Lviv MSW landfill leachate were presented. Recommendations for the practical implementation of the combined two-stage aerobicreagent technology for the landfill leachate pre-treatment were developed.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48865629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental Metals in Agricultural Soils along Two Tributaries of Chaohu Lake: Implication on Soil Erosion Caused Enrichment in Sediments","authors":"Ji-Zhong Wang, Fa Xie, Dao-De Zhang","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143862","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural soil as a potential source of input of heavy metals into the lacustrine sediments of Chaohu Lake via soil erosion and weathering has not been well documented. In the present study, rice soil samples along two main tributaries of Chaohu Lake were collected to determine 30 metal elements which were compared with the data on the elements in surface sediments of Chaohu Lake to explore the impacts of soil erosion on the accumulation in the sediments. The results showed that the concentrations of most elements were less than their soil background values of Anhui Province, but Se, Sb, Sn, As, and Ba were greater than the corresponding background values. Furthermore, these elements except for Sc in the soils appeared a low variability in spatial distribution. Enrichment factor (EF) also suggested that most elements were minimally enriched, but Se, Th and As were found with moderate enrichment in the study areas. More than 90% of agricultural soils were not expected with significant contamination by the residual elements based upon the consideration of pollution level index (PLI) combining probabilistic density function. Compared with the residual elements in the surface sediments of Chaohu Lake, most elements (Ti, Mn, Zr, Sr, Zn, Ga, Hf, U, Se, Sn, Nb, Th, V, Cd) appeared depletion in agricultural soils but enrichment in sediments. Specially for Cd, it was not detectable in all soils samples, but it existed at an extreme average content in the lacustrine sediments. These results possibly implied that elements in agricultural soils in Chaohu Lake were depleted because of soil erosion and weathering during long-term agricultural practice, resulting in enrichment in sediments of the lake. The depletion of elements in soils was predominately due to the fact that these metals existed in the soil with a large mobile fraction. While As, Th and Se moderately accumulated in the soils due to their insusceptibility of transport potentials. Because Sr and U are easier to be leached from soils than Rb and Th, respectively, a greater ratio of Rb/Sr and a lower value of U/Th was found in soil samples than in sediments. Therefore, our study implied agricultural soils could play an important role in the input of heavy metals into sediments via soil erosion and weathering.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44161992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}