Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab最新文献

{"title":"A liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry method for separation and identification of hemoglobin variant subunits with mass shifts less than 1 Da","authors":"Ainslie Chen ,&nbsp;Ryan M. Aquino ,&nbsp;Hector A. Vidal ,&nbsp;Carolyn V. Wong ,&nbsp;Ruben Y. Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Identification of hemoglobin (Hb) variants is valuable in clinical testing. A common issue with conventional methods for identifying Hb variants is their subpar ability to provide structural breakdowns of the variants. Reports have surfaced of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) methods that improve on traditional methods; however, ambiguities may arise without separation of Hb subunits prior to HR-MS analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We report a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS) method to separate several pairs of normal and variant Hb subunits with mass shifts of less than 1 Da and successfully identify them in intact-protein and top-down analyses. LC separation was facilitated by a C4 reversed-phase column.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven heterozygous Hb variant samples (Hb C with α-thalassemia trait, Hb E, Hb D-Punjab, Hb G-Accra, Hb G-Siriraj, Hb Tarrant, and Hb G-Waimanalo) were selected to demonstrate the LC separation of Hb variant and normal subunits with mass shifts of less than 1 Da. The analytes could be explicitly observed in the deconvoluted MS¹ mass spectra. The top-down analysis matched the amino acid sequences of the correct Hb variant subunits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The LC-HR-MS method described can effectively separate and identify Hb subunits, especially when the variant subunits have mass deviations of less than 1 Da from their corresponding normal subunits. With further evaluation to prove the clinical utility, the HR-MS methods including CE-HR-MS have the potential to complement or partially replace conventional methods of Hb variant identification in clinical laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution mass spectrometry measurement of N-terminal carbamylated hemoglobin as a potential marker for chronic diseases with elevated blood urea levels","authors":"Fangjun Chen ,&nbsp;Priscilla S.-W. Yeung ,&nbsp;Carolyn V. Wong ,&nbsp;Ruben Y. Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>N-terminal carbamylated hemoglobin (CarHb) reflects long-term blood urea levels and has potential as a marker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other chronic conditions with elevated blood urea levels. A liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS) method was developed to measure CarHb.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Apparent CarHb/Hb ratios were calculated from the peak area ratios of carbamylated to native N-terminal peptides digested from hemoglobin alpha and beta subunits. Blood samples from healthy individuals, CKD patients, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The apparent CarHb/Hb ratios were significantly higher in CKD and COPD patients compared to healthy individuals. However, no significant differences were observed between the CKD and COPD patient groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this study, an LC-HR-MS method was developed for quantifying the apparent CarHb/Hb ratios and exploring their potential for clinical diagnostic applications. CarHb is a promising marker for monitoring kidney diseases and other chronic conditions with elevated blood urea levels. Beyond CarHb, the use of other carbamylated proteins as clinical diagnostic and prognostic markers can be explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143360671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and clinical utility of an ultra performance liquid chromatography − tandem mass spectrometry assay for monitoring omadacycline and tigecycline in severe bacterial infections","authors":"Chang Wang ,&nbsp;Bingfeng Luo ,&nbsp;Wenqing Liu ,&nbsp;Chen Jia ,&nbsp;Haile Chen ,&nbsp;Jingjing Ma ,&nbsp;Xia Song ,&nbsp;Xingfang Ji ,&nbsp;Aijia Cao ,&nbsp;Yinliang Bai ,&nbsp;Wen Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to develop a rapid, simple, and precise ultra performance liquid chromatography − tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technique for simultaneous measurement of omadacycline (OMA) and tigecycline (TGC) in the bloodstream of individuals suffering from serious bacterial infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All analytes were extracted using a 0.2 % formic acid–water dilution and acetonitrile plasma protein precipitation. The quantification was performed by electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring and positive ion mode detection. Tetracycline was used as an internal standard in this experiment, with the mobile phase composed of water (with 0.1 % formic acid) and acetonitrile (using gradient elution) flowing at a rate of 0.35 ml/min, and the column temperature set at 30 °C. Each individual analysis was completed in under 3.5 min.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The method was validated based on FDA recommendations, including the assessment of extraction recovery (92.65–101.72 %) and matrix effects (86.22–91.12 %). The standard curve ranges for both OMA and TGC are 0.025 µg/mL to 2.5 µg/mL. The plasma samples were found to be consistent after undergoing three rounds of freezing and thawing at room temperature for 24 h, being placed in an automated sample injector for 24 h, and then frozen for 45 days. Clinical cases were used to demonstrate the application of the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assay, showing how an analytical test can quickly provide information on antibiotic levels in patients and impact their treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Multiplex UPLC-MS/MS assays for the simultaneous measurement of plasma OMA and TGC concentrations are the ideal choice for clinically TDM applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tandem mass spectrometry of serum cholestanoic (C27) acids – Typical concentration ranges and application to the study of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders","authors":"Wujuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Monica Narvaez Rivas ,&nbsp;Kenneth D.R. Setchell","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Primary bile acid synthesis is impaired in peroxisomal disorders, leading to the accumulation of long-chain bile acids, specifically dihydroxycholestanoic and trihydroxycholestanoic acids. Quantification of the diastereoisomers of these C₂₇ bile acids is essential for the differential diagnosis of these disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry with stable-isotope dilution was used to quantify all eight diastereoisomers of cholestanoic acids in serum. Clinical ranges were established for patients with and without cholestatic liver disease, as well as for those with peroxisomal disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The assay was linear over the range of 20–2,500 ng/mL, and intra- and inter-assay imprecision was &lt;20 % CV. The mean (±SEM) serum concentration of total C₂₇ bile acids in 20 adult controls was low (0.007 ± 0.004 μmol/L). In non-cholestatic, moderately cholestatic, and severely cholestatic patients, total C₂₇ bile acids measured 0.015 ± 0.011, 0.129 ± 0.034, and 0.986 ± 0.249 μmol/L, respectively. In contrast, patients with confirmed peroxisomal disorders (n = 49) exhibited concentrations &gt;10-fold higher (14.06 ± 2.59 μmol/L). Patients with heterozygous mutations in PEX genes had low concentrations of serum C₂₇ bile acids. In all groups, the (25S)- and (25R)-diastereomers were present in a ratio of 0.3. In cases of 2-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency, serum total C₂₇ bile acids were markedly elevated (10.61 ± 0.92 μmol/L) and comprised exclusively the (25R)-diastereoisomer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This tandem mass spectrometric assay quantifies all diastereoisomers of the C₂₇ cholestanoic acids in serum and was used to establish typical clinical concentration ranges. The method is applicable to the diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders and differentiates 2-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency from other peroxisomal biogenesis disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research letter: Pilot study of a prototype fully automated mass spectrometry system for routine clinical laboratory use","authors":"Michael Vogeser ,&nbsp;Katharina Habler ,&nbsp;Antje Reuter ,&nbsp;Christian Schneider-Thauern","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 44-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method validation of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) assay for the analysis of magnesium, copper and zinc in red blood cells","authors":"Nazmin Bithi ,&nbsp;Daniel Ricks ,&nbsp;Brandon S. Walker ,&nbsp;Christian Law ,&nbsp;Kamisha L. Johnson-Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Laboratory measurements of trace elements such as magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in red blood cells (RBCs) are essential for assessing nutritional status and diagnosing metal toxicity. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an ICP-MS method for quantifying these elements in RBCs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Packed RBCs were aliquoted and diluted in an alkaline diluent solution containing internal standards, 0.1 % Triton X-100, 0.1 % EDTA, and 1 % ammonium hydroxide. The resulting diluted specimen was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantitatively determine the levels of Mg, Cu, and Zn. The method underwent validation for accuracy, precision, method comparison, linearity, analytical sensitivity, and carryover. Additionally, retrospective data were analyzed, and non-parametric reference intervals were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Accuracy and linearity fell within the expected range of ≤±15 % for all analytes. Within-run, between-run, and total imprecision were ≤15 % coefficient of variation. All other validation experiments met the established acceptance criteria. Retrospective data analysis was conducted on patient samples using the method. The application of Tukey’s HSD test for multiple comparisons revealed statistically significant mean differences (p &lt; 0.05) in Mg, Cu, and Zn concentrations between all pairwise groups of age and sex, except for the mean Cu concentration in adult males versus females and the mean Mg concentrations in adult versus minor males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The presented method was successfully validated and met the criteria for clinical use. Retrospective data analysis of patient results demonstrated the method’s suitability for assessing nutritional deficiency and toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous analysis of branched-chain amino acids and their ketoacids from dried blood spot as secondary analytes for the detection of maple syrup urine disease","authors":"Arya Raveendran ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Gupta ,&nbsp;Leslie E. Lewis ,&nbsp;Krishnananda Prabhu ,&nbsp;Sudheer Moorkoth","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an aminoacidopathy caused by a defective branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex, leading to the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and their respective keto acids (BCKAs). A comprehensive test was developed to measure BCAAs and BCKAs using LC-MS from dried blood spot (DBS) samples for the diagnosis and prevention of MSUD in newborns and infants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analytes were extracted from DBS using a methanol:0.1 % v/v formic acid solution (75:25) containing internal standards and analyzed on a Luna PFP column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, carry-over, matrix effect, hematocrit, blood volume, and punch position effects. Biomarker stability in the matrix and stock solution was assessed. Correlation with the plasma method was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. The method established reference ranges for the Udupi district population in South India.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The method demonstrated linearity (r² &gt; 0.99), with a lower limit of detection at 2 µM (BCAA) and 1 µM (BCKA), and acceptable recovery of QC samples. Hematocrit, blood volume, punch position, and storage condition effects were within acceptable limits. Correlation and Bland-Altman analysis showed strong interconvertibility between plasma and DBS assays. Reference ranges for leucine, isoleucine, valine, KIC, KIV, and KMV were established.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The developed DBS method, requiring no derivatization and involving simple sample preparation with short run times, is a cost-effective and reliable approach for the confirmatory diagnosis of MSUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 8-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for highly concentrated tacrolimus and cyclosporine samples prepared from pharmaceutical products to assess drug loss from feeding tubes","authors":"Yi Xiao ,&nbsp;Mari Ishak Gabra ,&nbsp;Edward Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Tacrolimus and cyclosporine are common immunosuppressants utilized post-organ transplantation to manage allograft rejection. Both have narrow therapeutic indices and are frequently measured to support dose adjustments. Although nasogastric tubes are commonly used to provide nutritional support and serve as a route for immunosuppressant administration, they were never validated for such purposes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop and validate a liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for highly concentrated tacrolimus and cyclosporine samples prepared from pharmaceutical products to support the validation of feeding tube administration of these immunosuppressants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The method involved stepwise dilutions with dimethyl sulfoxide before analysis using online sample preparation and LC-MS/MS. It was validated in a CLIA-certified clinical laboratory that measures immunosuppressants by LC-MS/MS and is designed to support clinical studies evaluating drug loss from feeding tubes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The method was linear between 6.8 µg/mL and 75 µg/mL for tacrolimus, and between 0.9 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL for cyclosporine, with r² &gt; 0.99 and total precision &lt;5 % at all QC levels. The method demonstrated good recovery using cyclosporine Certified Reference Material, tacrolimus European Pharmacopeia Reference Standard, and prepared pharmaceutical products. Minimal matrix effects were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An analytical method was developed and validated for <em>in vitro</em> studies with simulated administration of tacrolimus or cyclosporine to assess loss during drug administration using feeding tubes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometric methods for the quantitation of dolutegravir in human plasma and breast milk","authors":"Ashley R. Rackow ,&nbsp;Aashish Pandey ,&nbsp;Amelia L. Price ,&nbsp;Mark A. Marzinke","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dolutegravir (DTG) is part of a first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV management in drug-naïve individuals and is recommended for the treatment of HIV during pregnancy. Robust analytical tools to quantify DTG are necessary to support clinical trials that characterize its multi-compartment drug distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Potassium EDTA (K₂EDTA) plasma or whole breast milk was spiked with DTG and an isotopically labeled internal standard. Samples were prepared via protein precipitation prior to LC–MS/MS analysis. The assays were validated in accordance with regulatory recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analytical measuring ranges for DTG quantitation in plasma and breast milk were 100–10,000 ng/mL and 0.500 to 1000 ng/mL, respectively. Inter-assay precision and accuracy were 2.73 % to 3.41 % and −10.6 % to −5.37 % for plasma, and 4.24 % to 12.4 % and −5.63 % to 7.49 % for breast milk, respectively. DTG was stable for three freeze–thaw cycles and for at least 72 h at room temperature in matrix (plasma or breast milk). Additionally, whole blood was stable for 24 h at room temperature and 2 h under conditions of extended heat and humidity. Matrix effects for DTG in plasma and breast milk ranged from 101 % to 108 % and 78.2 % to 99.3 %, respectively. Quantitation in remnant plasma samples yielded measurable concentrations within the primary linearity of the assay.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Methods to quantify DTG in human plasma and breast milk have been developed and validated. These assays were designed to satisfy all criteria for implementation in clinical and clinical trial settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"34 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding isotopes, isomers, and isobars in mass spectrometry","authors":"Katharina Habler,&nbsp;Arber Rexhaj,&nbsp;Manuela Adling-Ehrhardt,&nbsp;Michael Vogeser","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mass spectrometry (MS) is a versatile analytical tool used in various fields such as biochemistry, pharmacology, omics, and clinical analysis for determining and quantifying compounds based on their molecular mass and structure through the mass-to-charge ratio. While MS offers high specificity and selectivity, it encounters challenges including matrix effects, in-source fragmentation, and other interferences caused by natural isotopic abundance, as well as isomeric and isobaric compounds. These challenges can impede accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis. Visual aids such as graphical illustrations can help elucidate the chemical differences and similarities among isotopes, isomers, and isobaric compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Advances in the Clinical Lab","volume":"33 ","pages":"Pages 49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667145X24000282/pdfft?md5=a037cf05a489130774d5bb44b63a65b4&pid=1-s2.0-S2667145X24000282-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}