International Journal of Agricultural Extension最新文献

{"title":"Influence of cultural norms and traditions on food insecurity among small-scale farmers in marmanet ward, laikipia county, Kenya","authors":"Maina A. Nyambura, M. Philomena, Mbuthia Susan","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4492","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to determine how cultural norms and traditions influence food insecurity among small-scale farmers in Marmanet ward, Laikipia County, Kenya. The study used a cross-sectional research design to get data from the study area, as this allowed both dependent and independent variables to be measured at the same time using a single questionnaire. The target population was 8158 farmers. Using Yamane’s formula, a sample size of 381 small-scale farmers was obtained from Marmanet ward using a systematic random sampling technique. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and a multiple linear regression model was used to test the hypothesis at 5% level of significance. Statistical Package for Social Science was used in data analysis. Therefore, the null hypothesis was Cultural norms and traditional factors have no significant influence on food insecurity among rural households was rejected. The findings of the study were cultural norms and traditional factors significantly (p0.05) influence food insecurity among rural households in Marmanet ward, Laikipia County. The study recommends that decision-making should be a collective responsibility of husband and wife to reduce financial and resource wastage because of poor decision-making thus boosting food security status. The results imply that extension agents need to address the cultural and traditional factors.  ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78312048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youths as recipients and providers of agriculture information – the vertical vegetable gardening case in Busia County, Kenya","authors":"Tabitha Avoga, J. Ombati, S. Mwonga, L. Waswa, S. Fischer, T. Hilger","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4363","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of this study was to assess the feasibility of engaging youths in secondary schools in disseminating agricultural information among smallholder farmers using a five-month vertical vegetable gardening technology case in Busia County, Kenya. The research employed mixed research design targeting smallholder farmers and youths in secondary schools. A sample of 132 smallholder farmers and 132 youths in their first, second, and third years of study were selected to participate in the study at the baseline survey, during the intervention, and at the closure survey. The baseline survey was used to identify gaps, followed by participatory training intervention on the mound bed, primary tower, and second wall, to create awareness about vertical vegetable gardening through young farmers' clubs, and a closure survey to assess the change caused by the intervention and the feasibility of the approach. The study used kales, black nightshade, swiss chard, capsicum and carrots as examples of vegetables suitable for vertical gardens.  Data was analyzed using the Wilcoxon sign-rank test at p0.05 level of significance, thematic and descriptive analysis. The results showed that there was a significant change in access and use of vertical gardening information by smallholder farmers. At P = 0.000, 22% of the smallholder farmers appreciated the use of vertical vegetable gardening at the closure survey, compared to 1% at the baseline survey. The dissemination of information through secondary school youths allowed for multiple delivery channels, was a good technology result demonstration approach for technology replication, and had sufficient agricultural extension activity learning scope. Significant change in the level of technology acceptance offer practical implications for policy makers to support the role of youths in agricultural extension. Future studies are needed to examine suitable agricultural extension policies and strategies to increase the successful implementation of agricultural extension through secondary schools.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76887944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediator factorial model of social entrepreneurship in the covid-19 era","authors":"C. Lirios, J. E. C. Medina, I. Rodríguez","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4383","url":null,"abstract":"The optimization of resources as an entrepreneurship initiator has been observed as an emerging phenomenon in the pandemic, although its determinants have not been established. Design. This paper aims to establish the relationships between the determinants of resource optimization. An exploratory, cross-sectional, and correlational study was carried out with a sample of 186 students from a public university in central Mexico, considering their participation in the system of professional practices and social service. The perceived usefulness of the technology was found to be a determinant of the optimization of resources. Entrepreneurship in the health crisis depends on trust in technology. Entrepreneurship policies focused on microfinancing will move towards technology financing. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89378850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of excessive use of agrochemicals on farming practices: Bangladesh perspectives","authors":"M. Billah, Mahmudur Rahman, R. Naidu","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4526","url":null,"abstract":"Agrochemicals are the part and parcel of modern farming practices. The study attempted to explore the effects of excessive use of agrochemicals oin farming practices. A structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were conducted in collecting data from randomly selected 150 farmers of Satkhira sadar upazila under Satkhira district of Bangladesh during November 2022. The perceived effect of excessive use of agrochemicals was the focus variable whereas the selected socio-economic attributes of the participants were chosen as explanatory variables. The effect of overuse of agrochemicals was assessed employing a 4-point rating scale and ranked by calculating perceived effect index while the independent variables were measured using appropriate scoring techniques and scales. The findings revealed that, majority (48.7%) of the respondents perceived high positive effects of excessive use of agrochemicals on farming practices while a large portion (59.3%) of them perceived medium negative effects. It was also found that, the most positive effect perceived was increase productivity and cropping intensity (91.8%) while the worst effect was perceived as poisonous to human, animal, and soil microorganisms (82.7%). The results also explored that the main cause of overuse of agrochemical is provision of higher yield (94.7%) whereas the best management practice suggested by the farmers was agricultural training (95.3%). However, perceived effect of agrochemical usage was found positively correlated with respondents’ educational qualification, farming experience, agricultural training, extension media contact, knowledge, and awareness. So, appropriate strategies along with sustainable farming system is crucial to protect our environment and save our upcoming generations.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79053222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The covid-19 pandemic effect to livelihood strategy adaptation of rubber smallholding household: a case study in Songkhla province, the southern Thailand","authors":"B. Somboonsuke, Milinpat Boonkongma, N. Preuksa, R. Chiarawipa, C. Kongmanee, Pimpakan Potikul","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4478","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to study how COVID-19 affected the livelihood of rubber smallholding households in Songkhla Province. Total 280 households were randomly selected and interviewed using questionnaire. The results revealed that, finding both positive and negative impact of economy, 74.3% of respondents showed that farmers had adequacy of financial assets, fewer consuming products purchased from the community market and switched to buying more products from supermarkets at 69.7%, decreasing incomes at 93.6%, more saving with considering home expenditure at 92.7%, and 74.3% of farmers had more plantation management.  95.4% of farmers reported changes in social capital as a result of the impact on their livelihood, and 56.0% of farmers were required to take part in the government's initiative to enhance their standard of living. The effects of livelihood adaptation strategies on rubber-producing techniques include an improvement in production efficiency, a decrease in production costs, an expansion of production, an increase in the diversify of production systems, the use of hired labor, employment outside the farm sector, and household financial management. When examining the contributing factors, the livelihood adaption strategies of rubber smallholding households can be explained at 63.7% (R2 adjust=0.637) by social effect, economic effect, production technology, and environment effect. It was discovered that social effect was best explained (0.490Zx1). The study recommended farm adaptation strategies, including increasing the use of household labor rather than hired labor, using online market channels with different media, increasing farmers' digital markets to adapt agricultural products and livelihoods, and providing a financial plan, diversifying the production system, and increasing sources of income.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81271380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitators and hindrances to farmers’ participation in production of farmer-learning videos in central Uganda: a thematic analysis","authors":"Irene B. Tamubula, R. Miiro, H. Sseguya, R. Mukebezi, N. Musa","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4400","url":null,"abstract":"Videos can complement extension services provision by improving dissemination of agricultural information to farmers. However, for videos to be effective, they need to have relevant video content. This study assessed enablers and hindrances to farmers’ participation in FLV production based on a coffee FLV. Identifying enablers and hindrances to participation of farmers in production of an FLV is essential for developing strategies that optimise their participation to produce relevant FLVs aligned to their contexts. A qualitative case study research design was employed. Data were collected through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and in-depth interviews, and analysed through thematic analysis guided by the Activity theory analytical framework. The study established that farmers’ attributes especially their competencies to accomplish assigned tasks in FLV production, and motivations, were salient enablers to their participation. The other enablers were related to how the FLV process was organised, which included availability and adequacy of requisite resources, existence of clear guidelines for production of FLV, utilisation of pre-existing relationships, skilfulness of video experts and field officers, and specificity of roles. The limited interactions among actors, differing expectations, and time constraints were the major hindrances to farmers’ participation in production of the FLV. Hence, video experts should provide opportunities for improving farmers’ competences through training, offering technical support, and providing for rehearsals to build confidence. Mechanisms for improving interactions between and among farmers and video experts to harmonise expectations, promote mutual understanding, and foster knowledge sharing are also needed.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74252629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of multi-stakeholder networks on the uptake of system of rice intensification among smallholder rice farmers in western Kenya","authors":"Matilda A. Ouma, L. Ouma, J. Ombati, C. O. Onyango","doi":"10.33687/ijae.011.001.4342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.011.001.4342","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-stakeholder platforms are useful in driving technology uptake by bringing together stakeholders in a value chain for joint agenda-setting and learning to address a common goal. In this paper, we analyze how multi-stakeholder networks unfold in an innovation platform for networking and capacity building to drive the uptake of the system of rice intensification (SRI) in Oluch irrigation scheme in western Kenya. An innovation platform (IP) was launched at Oluch irrigation scheme in Kenya to enhance networking among stakeholders and facilitate capacity building among farmers. We performed a network analysis to understand the patterns of knowledge exchange among stakeholders in the IP. We further explore the association between innovation platform characteristics and the uptake of SRI practices using regression analyses, correlation analyses and chi-square-tests. Our findings reveal that there was a substantial increase in the uptake of SRI that was largely driven by strategic networks. Extensionists and farmer groups emerged as the most important actors while farmer-to-farmer networks are still nascent in promoting SRI than expected but growing. We conclude by describing the describe a theory of change developed and experienced in the IP. While multi-stakeholder networks may be important drivers of technology uptake, there is a need for careful analysis of strategic networks within the IP that are core to achieving IP goals such as uptake of the technology and ensuring sustainability of the IP.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85056213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of human capital status in universities offering agriculture in Limpopo province, South Africa","authors":"Tumelo B. Machethe, I. Oluwatayo, David B. Afful","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4088","url":null,"abstract":"This assesses the disparities of human capital in agricultural departments at the universities in Limpopo Province, South Africa. From the two universities in the study area, a sample of 110 lecturers and researchers was selected for this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The study findings showed that married individuals were more productive in terms of research outputs than single or unmarried individuals. Also, students’ throughput in either group and merged data sets by gender revealed that there was no significant difference in research output and students’ throughput in both universities. On subjecting the data to principal component analysis, five components (challenges) were identified - resources and infrastructure, financial, personal, research productivity and confidential and marital issues. The paper indicates that collaboration among married and other staff members is necessary to boost the research capacity of younger researchers. Enhanced funding for research and infrastructure should be made a priority by the university management, government, and private stakeholders to improve their offerings and reputations.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90521383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will consumers pay more for organic logo: an empirical study of organic products purchasing in Thailand","authors":"Waripas Jiumpanyarach","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.3926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.3926","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the willingness to pay for the quality of agricultural products toward the logo of consumers in different regions of Thailand and explained an opportunity for organic products in future markets. 408 respondents from February – June 2019 were collected based on paper-based questionnaires that focused on consumers’ choices, recognition, and attitudes regarding safety and organic knowledge. Three hypotheses were in this study. A choice experiment logit model was used. The questions included socioeconomic, attitudes, preferences, perception of safety and organic products related to logo. The study showed respondents who understood in the concept of safety and organic agriculture and had information logo standards tended to purchase organic products. The organic logo has impacted the purchasing power of respondents. Consumers were willing to pay more for third-party certified logo products (Organic Thailand and IFOAM) rather than local logos (PGS). Satisfaction with marketing, quality standard, and prices did not increase consumers’ demand while they pay for higher prices based on their interest and understanding. Consumers were willing to trade off between trusted logos and a higher price. The supported knowledge on production and markets from public and private agencies were beneficial along the supply and demand chain and agricultural society. To enlarge the organic product markets in the future, these are not well-researched factors that impact third-party and local logos. There were several studies about the perception levels, interest, understanding, and knowledge of the respondents’ impact on the purchasing power of organic products in Thailand. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84367797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on farmers' perception on climate change: a systematic literature review","authors":"D. Kaske, Teshome Kassahun, A. Alemu","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4111","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and its impacts are being felt around the world. Farmer perception tends to influence their coping and adaptation strategies. This review aimed to examine the contributions of studies on farmer perceptions to climate change through a systematically review of the scientific literature. The search strategy was adapted to the Scopus database using the search terms \"Farmers’ perception” AND “climate change.” The selection criteria were based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses approach. The review was conducted based on 48 peer-reviewed articles, selected after evaluating each article against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Key findings from the data showed that participants were aware of the climate's changing in 81.25% of the articles reviewed. The review results also identified limitations highlighting the gaps in the existing literature regarding the aims and scope of the journals and the methods used in the articles.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72403647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}