International Journal of Agricultural Extension最新文献

{"title":"Farmer’s knowledge of termite species and infestation in eastern Uganda","authors":"G. Hailu, N. Ochatum, P. Nyeko, S. Niassy","doi":"10.33687/008.03.3261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/008.03.3261","url":null,"abstract":"Termites are very well recognized by farmers as pests and beneficial insects. To develop management options suitable to the needs of the farmers, it is essential to understand their management experience. This study was aimed at understanding farmer’s perception about termite management in eastern Uganda. The study covered over 84 villages located in seven districts of eastern Uganda. There were 420 respondents for the survey and a focus group discussion (comprised of eight to 15 participants) specifically with push-pull technology adopters found in four districts. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using STATA (version 13). Respondents were diverse in terms of age, gender, level of education and marital status.  According to the respondent’s termite damage can cause food insecurity and poverty. The prevalence of termites and damage potential varies across districts and type of crop and growth stage. Some are vulnerable at germination, some at vegetative and some at maturity stages. Averaged over three districts, farmers claimed that maize is more vulnerable to termite attack causing about 40% yield loss followed by beans, soybeans, and sorghum. Push-pull technology adopters stated that green leaf desmodium intercropped with maize to control major lepidopteran pests and a parasitic weed striga was vulnerable to termite attack. Although pesticide application can be an effective option, they claimed it is either expensive or not a lasting solution.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91113086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of Balance of Forces Affecting on the Grain Between Cylindrical Rolls of Small-Size Feed Mincing Unit","authors":"Gulnara Mamadova","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3727","url":null,"abstract":"The conducted research is devoted to the study of the balance of forces affecting on the grain between cylindrical rolls of the small-size feed mincing unit used in farming enterprises. It is established that substantiation of design and process parameters of the feed mincing units, plotting the analytical dependences and solution of process tasks are among the most important factors in manufacture of various versions of the unit. Using the obtained analytical solutions increase the efficiency of the works performed in this field. Recently, in the countries where the grain is harvested using the two-phase method, it is performed during the milk maturity period by pressing with special grinding machines immediately in the field, adding the conserving agent, preserving, packing into polyethylene bags, and then storing tight during winter. It is proven that the production costs for such nutritive grain feed reduce by 30% in contrast to the usual method. The grain stored in such a way is taken out of the grain bags and used directly for feeding the animals. The research work aimed at substantiation of design and process parameters of the small-size, low energy-intensive units for feed oakum production functioning on the basis of the grinding method in the conditions of farming enterprise is of great relevance. The work purpose is to study the balance of forces affecting on the grain between cylindrical rolls of the small-size feed mincing unit.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81493053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring the Marketing Activities of Agricultural Enterprises: Strategic and Tactical Decisions","authors":"A. Riabchyk, O. Babicheva, O. Nahorna, O. Korchynska, T. Bilousko","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3723","url":null,"abstract":"The strategy of agricultural enterprises is transformed under the influence of external requirements. Limited opportunities for agricultural enterprises to adapt to harsh economic and environmental conditions, especially in developing countries, determine strategic opportunities and decisions. The purpose of an article was to study the features of the strategy and tactics of marketing activities of agricultural enterprises to identify their effectiveness in order to support the development of activities. The methodology is based on the theory of strategic decision-making and the concept of sustainable agriculture to identify the effectiveness of strategies and tactics of marketing activities of agricultural firms in Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia. The results show a low level of strategic orientation of rural enterprises. State support does little effort to stimulate differentiation and niche specialization of agricultural producers, as evidenced by the constant dynamics of agricultural production. Investing in physical assets is the most effective tool to support the agricultural sector. Cooperation and collaboration among enterprises is not widespread and single-owner farming is the most common organizational form in the agricultural sector. Producers' pricing policies remain stable and depend on market conditions: product prices fluctuated slightly. The practical value of the results lies in taking into account the identified effective ways of state support for agricultural producers in promoting the strategy of differentiation of agricultural products.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89377474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensification of High-Quality Brewing Processes","authors":"Z. Romanova, Serhii M. Loiko, Mykola Romanov, Ludmila O. Kosogolova, Mikhail D. Khlynovskiy","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3720","url":null,"abstract":"Brewing is a complex process that involves many stages and successive operations. The issues of intensifying the brewing processes are of great importance in improving the ways to obtain a high-quality finished beer product and maintain high standards of its quality in the future. The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the stable demand for high-quality beer products in society and the urgent need to create effective technologies for the production of high-quality beer, taking into account the introduction of the latest technologies for the intensification of brewing processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the main factors that are important from the standpoint of intensifying the processes of quality brewing, in the context of assessing the prospects for their subsequent consideration when planning the beer production processes. The leading approach of this study is a combination of a systematic analysis of the peculiarities of brewing processes in the context of searching for opportunities for its intensification, with an analytical study of real options for intensifying the brewing processes, from the standpoint of maintaining high-quality standards of finished beer and increasing the overall production rate. The main results obtained in the course of this study should be considered the substantiation of the main factors of the brewing processes intensification in the context of creating a mathematical model for calculating the possibilities of its implementation in the activities of breweries to increase the rate of brewing high-quality beer. The prospects for further research are determined by the preservation of a stable demand for high-quality beer products, combined with an increase in the need to intensify the processes of its production, in accordance with the set standards for the quality of beer production.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81627989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reindeer Population as an Indicator of Sustainable Development of the Arctic Territory","authors":"N. Karmanovskaya","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3718","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study are to carry out genetic monitoring of domestic reindeer of Nenets breed raised on the territory of Taimyr; establishment of the genetic bank of domestic reindeer of Nenets breed; as well as a comparative analysis with populations of the Nenets breed from other breeding regions (Nenets and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Murmansk Oblast and the Komi Republic) using DNA markers. The microsatellites were used in the studies as DNA markers of genetic diversity. Genotyping was carried out by the methods of the Laboratory of molecular selection basis of L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry. Statistical data processing was performed using the GenAlEx 6.5, SplitsTree 4.14.5 software, as well as the software packages “diveRsity”, “pophelper”, and “adegenet” for the R computing environment. As a result of the study, it was found that the population of reindeer of Taimyr breed in the village of Tukhard is characterised by the minimum level of polymorphism and genetic diversity, as indicated by the minimum values of all population genetic indicators. The authors assume that the patterns that have been identified are primarily the result of breeding programmes on the samples presented in this study (such studies have not been conducted before). The results of the PCA analysis and the phylogenetic dendrogram of genetic relationships, built on the basis of the matrix of Jost's D pairwise genetic distances using the NeighborNet, revealed a similar genetic structure of Taimyr populations, which, most likely, could be due to the close geographical localisation of the studied individuals. The authors come to the conclusion that a low level of both allelic and genetic diversity in the future may negatively affect the adaptation of animals to environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74942675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of the Innovative and Investment Development of Agriculture","authors":"N. Trusova, O. Hryvkivska, N. Kotvytska, S. Nesterenko, Tetiana Yavorska, Olha V. Kotyk","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3724","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the conditions for the formation of determinants of innovative-investment development of agriculture. A systematic approach to the development of agriculture in a single integration space of intersectoral cooperation and state support through the introduction of effective innovative and investment determinants, which form the criteria of investment attractiveness of economic entities and provide conditions for innovation in production and technological process, is implemented. The levels of innovative and investment development of agriculture are structured. Determinants of innovative and investment development of agriculture and indicators of its estimation are offered. A comprehensive methodological approach to financing innovative and investment projects with state guarantees to potential investors to obtain additional value from the introduction of scientific development in the technological cycle of agricultural production, taking into account economic, social, budgetary, environmental, resource, intellectual, scientific and technical components of innovative and investment processes proposed. It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of the introduction of innovations in agriculture by an integrated indicator with the ratio of effects (results) and costs by certain components. Scientific organizations by sectors of activity, which include development in innovative and investment development of agriculture of Ukraine, are analysed. An assessment of innovative and investment activity of Ukrainian producers with the distribution of the average number of employees in agriculture is carried out. The share of expenditures on research and development on agricultural development in the gross domestic product (GDP) of EU-28 countries and Ukraine is determined. The calculation of priority factors of external and internal environment of influence on the efficiency of innovative and investment development of the animal husbandry industry is carried out. The forecast values of functional risks and the level of efficiency of innovative and investment development of the animal husbandry industry of Ukraine are determined.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85755864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Tourist Routes in the Republic of Sakha: Extreme Tours, Unique Natural Sites, Archaeological and Ritual Attractions","authors":"Yuri A. Sleptsov, Sargylana V. Nikiforova, K. Y. Meshcheryakov, Olga Skrobotova, R. Ivanova","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3717","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is an important element of the social and economic development of Russia. The northern territories play an important role in the development of the Russian economy in general and the tourism industry in particular. Nordic tourism involves careful respect for environmental and social sustainability, the promotion of traditional local knowledge and value systems, and the preservation of local cultural heritage and cultural landscapes. The article analyses the promotion of the tourism potential of Yakutia. The northern territories of Russia are rich in natural resources and economic potential but do not have an effective tourist infrastructure due to the harsh climate and vast territories of permafrost. The study presents the results of the analysis of the main tourist routes of the Sakha Republic. The main factors for the development of tourism were determined by a set of landscape characteristics (unique nature of the Lena River, biological diversity of flora and fauna), ethnocultural and historical context, as well as infrastructure considerations (proximity to the capital, inexpensive transport, and engineering systems). The study demonstrated that scientific tourism in Central Yakutia is quite real and has great prospects due to the unique landscapes. It can also give impetus to new scientific discoveries. Defining and describing cultural landscapes, collecting field materials and mapping cultural and landscape zoning can simplify the work for the creators of tourist routes in the future.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87428068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the Organisation of Rooting Cuttings of Decorative Woody Plants Under Artificial Lighting with Led Equipment","authors":"Andrei M. Piatykh, M. Emelianov, A. V. Akinchin, Ivan V. Partolin, A. Belyaeva","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3730","url":null,"abstract":"Obtaining a technology for rooting cuttings and standard seedlings of decorative woody plants under artificial lighting conditions is relevant in connection with the need to increase the amount of planting material required for green building. Currently, cuttings are carried out mainly in greenhouses during the growing season. The development of technology for rooting cuttings using lamps with different lighting parameters opens up the possibility of creating installations that are effective in various conditions. In the course of the study, organisational and technological measures were taken to modernise the greenhouse and install equipment for growing planting material of decorative plants. In accordance with the plan to study the characteristics of various crops using the technology of dynamic regulation of the spectral composition and temporal characteristics of LED lighting in a greenhouse, an assortment of decorative tree species has been developed. Heated greenhouses are equipped with automatic irrigation hotbeds. Cutting of coniferous, deciduous, fast- and slow-growing species of decorative woody plants (7 species and 3 cultivars in total) was carried out. Rooting was carried out under illumination with batch-type LED installations. The success of rooting is studied when using LEDs of various production, with different spectral composition and varying illumination intensity during year-round cultivation. The findings are necessary not only for the development of a regional technology for the year-round production of rooted cuttings of decorative woody plants, but also for the development of the engineering specifics of lighting equipment.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86231055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Model of Intellectual Property Management for AR4D-Systems (Agricultural Research for Development)","authors":"I. Lytvynchuk, K. Molodetska, O. Skydan, L. Zaburanna","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3719","url":null,"abstract":"The paper attempts to define the trends of the intellectual property (ІР) management in the framework of an agrarian economy. The object of the investigation are the controversies of intellectual property relations in the systems of agricultural research for development (AR4D-systems) that testify to the difficulties in ІР management. Taking into account a global trend of changing the correlation of private and public interests to the benefit of the latter in terms of managing intellectual property in AR4D-systems, the paper aims to develop a comprehensive model of intellectual property public management (that guarantees fair balance of interests) and to clarify how to evaluate the integral efficiency of such model. The theoretical basis of the study were existing analytical investigations of the intellectual property policies (conventional policy standard; open innovation policy; mixed policies of combining intellectual property rights regimes). The main obtained result of the study is a general concept of the comprehensive model of intellectual property public management for the AR4D systems based on 5 managing clusters. The integral efficiency monitoring of the proposed model was tested on the example of Ukraine with the help of the methods of multicriteria optimization of the vector criterion. The results show that the integral efficiency of the Ukrainian model is higher than average, but it can be increased by improving the tools of the information and communication support cluster and the cluster of organizational and technical assistance and capacity building such as the availability of the mobilization fund, the availability of the specialized electronic credit and investment platforms, the level of awareness of the users, the number of users of the system's electronic services. The practical value of the obtained results is their strategic impact on a sustainable development policy.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87822707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms for the Development of the Agricultural Sector in the Economic Security of the State","authors":"O. Pronina, I. Dynnyk, I. Lazebna, Lina M. Shchurevych, O. Krapko","doi":"10.33687/ijae.009.00.3725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3725","url":null,"abstract":"The article explored the problems of formation and improvement of mechanisms to ensure the development of the agricultural sector in the state's economic security system. It has been found that today socio-economic transformations actualize the urgent need to improve scientific and methodological research and development on the creation and implementation of an effective state agrarian policy, as well as the development of innovative management decisions to ensure and accelerate the development of the agricultural sector to strengthen the general economic security system of Ukraine. Approaches to the definition of the category “economic security of the state” were summarized and a refined definition was provided. A universal and effective mechanism for ensuring the development of the agricultural sector in the system of economic security of the state has been developed, the functioning of which, in turn, is directly dependent on internal and external destabilizing factors and will be based on the improvement of three interconnected mechanisms: strengthening the food security of the state; increasing investment attractiveness by introducing an innovative component; optimization of agricultural sector financial support. The differences and interrelationships of the types of destabilizing factors affecting the economic security of the agricultural sector were analyzed and it was concluded that all these factors can both negatively affect the entire economic security system in the agricultural sector and be areas of constant improvement. Block proposals for strengthening the food security of the state are described. It has been proved that to be able to develop and implement these innovative methods requires significant investment injections from both the state and Ukrainian investors, as well as external investments on favorable conditions for agricultural sector entities. Proposals on optimization of financial support of the agricultural sector in the changing conditions of the present are presented.The article explored the problems of formation and improvement of mechanisms to ensure the development of the agricultural sector in the state's economic security system. It has been found that today socio-economic transformations actualize the urgent need to improve scientific and methodological research and development on the creation and implementation of an effective state agrarian policy, as well as the development of innovative management decisions to ensure and accelerate the development of the agricultural sector to strengthen the general economic security system of Ukraine. Approaches to the definition of the category “economic security of the state” were summarized and a refined definition was provided. A universal and effective mechanism for ensuring the development of the agricultural sector in the system of economic security of the state has been developed, the functioning of which, in turn, is directly dependent on internal and external de","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83178503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}