Tumour Virus Research最新文献

{"title":"Potential entry receptors for human γ-herpesvirus into epithelial cells: A plausible therapeutic target for viral infections","authors":"Annu Rani ,&nbsp;Shweta Jakhmola ,&nbsp;Srikanth Karnati ,&nbsp;Hamendra Singh Parmar ,&nbsp;Hem Chandra Jha","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herpesviruses are ubiquitous viruses, specifically the Epstein Barr virus (EBV). EBV and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) establish their latency for a long period in B-cells and their reactivation instigates dreadful diseases from cancer to neurological modalities. The envelope glycoprotein of these viruses makes an attachment with several host receptors. For instance; glycoprotein 350/220, gp42, gHgL and gB of EBV establish an attachment with CD21, HLA-DR, Ephs, and other receptor molecules to hijack the B- and epithelial cell machinery. Ephs are reported recently as potent receptors for EBV entry into epithelial cells. Eph receptors play a role in the maintenance and control of various cellular processes including morphology, adhesion, proliferation, survival and differentiation. Alterations in the structure and expression of Eph and ephrin (Eph ligands) molecules is entangled with various pathologies including tumours and neurological complications. Along with Eph, integrins, NRP, NMHC are also key players in viral infections as they are possibly involved in viral transmission, replication and persistence. Contrarily, KSHV gH is known to interact with EphA2 and -A4 molecules, whereas in the case of EBV only EphA2 receptors are being reported to date. The ELEFN region of KSHV gH was involved in the interaction with EphA2, however, the interacting region of EBV gH is elusive. Further, the gHgL of KSHV and EBV form a complex with the EphA2 ligand-binding domain (LBD). Primarily by using gL both KSHV and EBV gHgL bind to the peripheral regions of LBD. In addition to γ-herpesviruses, several other viruses like Nipah virus, Cedar virus, Hepatitis C virus and Rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (RRV) also access the host cells via Eph receptors. Therefore, we summarise the possible roles of Eph and ephrins in virus-mediated infection and these molecules could serve as potential therapeutic targets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/76/main.PMC8628264.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39751836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial board member","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2666-6790(21)00018-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2666-6790(21)00018-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666679021000185/pdfft?md5=445b6fd00383ec30671edc83a68780ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2666679021000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48849002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Alinity m HPV and cobas HPV assays on cervical specimens in diverse storage media","authors":"Dan Jang ,&nbsp;Sam Ratnam ,&nbsp;Marek Smieja ,&nbsp;David J. Speicher ,&nbsp;Manuel Arias ,&nbsp;Avery Clavio ,&nbsp;Dustin Costescu ,&nbsp;Laurie Elit ,&nbsp;Shihai Huang ,&nbsp;Erika Herrero-Garcia ,&nbsp;Ajith M. Joseph ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Robert Needle ,&nbsp;Max Chernesky","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the concordance of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) testing with the Alinity assay on cervical samples collected with diverse collection/storage protocols (ThinPrep, SurePath, Cervicollect) and to assess inter-assay concordance of HR-HPV testing of cervical cell specimens with Alinity m HR HPV assay (Alinity) vs cobas® 4800 HPV assay (cobas).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Specimens were obtained from 560 women attending a Women's Health clinic. Two specimens were obtained from each woman with combinations of two of the three collection devices and aliquots were tested by the two assays.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Alinity showed an agreement of 93.9%, Kappa = 0.89 (263/280) between ThinPrep and SurePath specimens; 97.5%, Kappa = 0.95 (347/356) and 92.9%, Kappa = 0.85 (104/112) between ThinPrep and SurePath aliquots taken before or after cytology processing, respectively. Cervi-Collect specimens showed an agreement of 94.6%, Kappa = 0.89 (265/280) with ThinPrep specimens. Compared to cobas, Alinity showed agreements of 94.3%, Kappa = 0.88 (395/419) and 91.8%, Kappa = 0.82 (257/280) between ThinPrep and SurePath specimens, respectively. Alinity and cobas detected genotypes 16/18 and other high-risk HPV types at similar rates and showed similar correlations with cytology grades.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Compared to cobas, Alinity performed equally well for detecting HPV in cervical specimens obtained with ThinPrep and SurePath. The Cervi-Collect device compared well to the other collection methods. Alinity is a reliable assay for simultaneous detection of HPV-16/18 and other high-risk genotypes in cervical specimens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200224"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39168834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma associated with Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 infection in a Japanese mare","authors":"Nanako Yamashita-Kawanishi ,&nbsp;Soma Ito ,&nbsp;James K. Chambers ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Uchida ,&nbsp;Masato Sato ,&nbsp;Hui Wen Chang ,&nbsp;Cameron Knight ,&nbsp;Frank van der Meer ,&nbsp;Takeshi Haga","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Equus caballus</em> papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) infection has been associated with genital squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development in horses. However, very few reports on EcPV2-associated disease in Asia exist. Our study characterizes pathological and virological features of an EcPV2-associated vulvar SCC from a Japanese mare. Conventional PCR, <em>in situ</em> hybridization, reverse-transcriptase PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence and distribution of EcPV2 within the lesion and suggested that p53 degradation may not be the mechanism by which this virus induces neoplastic transformation. The complete viral sequence in this Japanese case shows near perfect sequence homology with European reference strains of EcPV2, which may be useful when considering the target for future EcPV2 vaccine development. This report also serves to highlight the importance of EcPV2 in female (vulvar) neoplasia, which is less commonly recognized than EcPV2-induced male (penile or preputial) neoplasia. Finally, the SCC described in this mare was an unusual acantholytic variant that has not been reported previously in horses. It is the first report of EcPV2 identified from genital SCC in Asia and underscores the likely worldwide distribution of this virus and its consistent association with equine genital neoplasia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8496317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39433043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the number of doses matter? A qualitative study of HPV vaccination acceptability nested in a dose reduction trial in Tanzania","authors":"K.R. Mitchell ,&nbsp;T. Erio ,&nbsp;H.S. Whitworth ,&nbsp;G. Marwerwe ,&nbsp;J. Changalucha ,&nbsp;K. Baisley ,&nbsp;C.J. Lacey ,&nbsp;R. Hayes ,&nbsp;S. de SanJosé ,&nbsp;D. Watson-Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The multi-dose regimen is a known barrier to successful human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Emerging evidence suggests that one vaccine dose could protect against HPV. While there are clear advantages to a single dose schedule, beliefs about vaccine dosage in low and middle income countries (LMICs) are poorly understood. We investigated acceptability of dose-reduction among girls, and parents/guardians of girls, randomised to receive one, two or three doses in an HPV vaccine dose-reduction and immunobridging study (DoRIS trial) in Tanzania.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Semi-structured interviews with girls (n = 19), and parents/guardians of girls (n = 18), enrolled in the study and completing their vaccine course.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most participants said they entrusted decisions about the number of HPV vaccine doses to experts. Random allocation to the different dose groups did not feature highly in the decision to participate in the trial. Given a hypothetical choice, girls generally said they would prefer fewer doses in order to avoid the pain of injections. Parental views were mixed, with most wanting whichever dose was most efficacious. Nonetheless, a few parents equated a higher number of doses with greater protection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Vaccine trials and programmes will need to employ careful messaging to explain that one dose offers sufficient protection against HPV should emerging evidence from ongoing dose-reduction clinical trials support this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39031264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus: Current questions and challenges","authors":"Lori Frappier","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects most people worldwide and persists for life due to complicated interplay between lytic infection and multiple types of latent infections. While usually asymptomatic, EBV is a causative agent in several types of cancer and has a strong association with multiple sclerosis. Exactly how EBV promotes these diseases and why they are rare consequences of infection are incompletely understood. Here I will discuss current ideas on disease induction by EBV, including the importance of lytic protein expression in the context of latent infection as well as the possible importance of specific EBV variants in disease induction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39031788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using protection motivation theory to explain the intention to initiate human papillomavirus vaccination among men who have sex with men in China","authors":"Ruonan Huang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Tanwei Yuan ,&nbsp;Tom Nadarzynski ,&nbsp;Han-Zhu Qian ,&nbsp;Peiyang Li ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Meng ,&nbsp;Guanghui Wang ,&nbsp;Yepeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Danyang Luo ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Cai ,&nbsp;Huachun Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related diseases are common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The most effective prevention is HPV vaccination. In China, however, men are not included in the HPV vaccination plan. We investigated the intention to initiate HPV vaccination and associated factors among MSM in China. Methods We surveyed 563 unvaccinated MSM aged 18 or older from six cities in China. Participants completed an electronic questionnaire about demographics, knowledge of and attitude towards HPV and HPV vaccine, intention to initiate HPV vaccination, willingness to recommend HPV vaccine to peers, feeling about government policy about HPV vaccination. We used the structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze factors associated with HPV vaccine intention. Results The knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine among participants was low. The mean score of knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine was only 1.59 (range 0–11). The intention to initiate HPV vaccination within 6 months among participants was moderate (43.3% in total, 18.1% for ‘very high' and 25.2% for ‘above average').</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39042624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Almost famous: Human adenoviruses (and what they have taught us about cancer)","authors":"Tanner M. Tessier ,&nbsp;Mackenzie J. Dodge ,&nbsp;Katelyn M. MacNeil ,&nbsp;Andris M. Evans ,&nbsp;Martin A. Prusinkiewicz ,&nbsp;Joe S. Mymryk","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses and adenoviruses are collectively categorized as the small DNA tumour viruses. Notably, human adenoviruses were the first human viruses demonstrated to be able to cause cancer, albeit in non-human animal models. Despite their long history, no human adenovirus is a known causative agent of human cancers, unlike a subset of their more famous cousins, including human papillomaviruses and human Merkel cell polyomavirus. Nevertheless, seminal research using human adenoviruses has been highly informative in understanding the basics of cell cycle control, gene expression, apoptosis and cell differentiation. This review highlights the contributions of human adenovirus research in advancing our knowledge of the molecular basis of cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 200225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39398552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of an online continuing education course to increase healthcare provider self-efficacy to make strong HPV vaccine recommendations to East African immigrant families","authors":"SarahAnn M. McFadden ,&nbsp;Linda K. Ko ,&nbsp;Megha Shankar ,&nbsp;Anisa Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Debra Berliner ,&nbsp;John Lin ,&nbsp;Farah B. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Fanaye Amsalu ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Ali ,&nbsp;Sou Hyun Jang ,&nbsp;Rachel L. Winer","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop and evaluate an online continuing education (CE) course designed to improve healthcare provider self-efficacy to make strong adolescent HPV vaccine recommendations to East African immigrant families.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Focus groups with providers and East African immigrant mothers informed course development. Providers serving East African immigrant families were recruited to view the course and complete pre-/post-test and two-month follow-up surveys. Pre-/post differences were compared with paired t-tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>202 providers completed the course and pre-/post-test; 158 (78%) completed two-month follow-up. Confidence to make strong HPV vaccine recommendations to East African families increased from 68% pre-test to 98% post-test. Confidence to address common parental concerns also increased: safety, 54% pre-test, 92% post-test; fertility, 55% pre-test, 90% post-test; child too young, 68% pre-test, 92% post-test; and pork gelatin in vaccine manufacturing, 38% pre-test, 90% post-test. Two-month follow-up scores remained high (97% for overall confidence, 94%–97% for addressing parental concerns). All pre-/post-test and pre-test/two-month follow-up comparisons were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The online CE course focused on culturally appropriate strategies for making strong recommendations and addressing specific parental concerns was effective for increasing provider self-efficacy to recommend HPV vaccination to East African families. Similar courses could be tailored to other priority populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 200214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25417755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing immunity for therapy in human papillomavirus driven cancers","authors":"Peter L. Stern","doi":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In persistent high-risk HPV infection, viral gene expression can trigger some important early changes to immune capabilities which act to protect the lesion from immune attack and subsequently promote its growth and ability for sustained immune escape. This includes immune checkpoint-inhibitor ligand expression (e.g. PD-L1) by tumour or associated immune cells that can block any anti-tumour T-cell effectors. While there are encouraging signs of efficacy for cancer immunotherapies including with immune checkpoint inhibitors, therapeutic vaccines and adoptive cell therapies, overall response and survival rates remain relatively low. HPV oncogene vaccination has shown some useful efficacy in treatment of patients with high-grade lesions but was unable to control later stage cancers. To maximally exploit anti-tumour immune responses, the suppressive factors associated with HPV carcinogenesis must be countered. Importantly, a combination of chemotherapy, reducing immunosuppressive myeloid cells, with therapeutic HPV vaccination significantly improves impact on cancer treatment. Many clinical trials are investigating checkpoint inhibitor treatments in HPV associated cancers but response rates are limited; combination with vaccination is being tested. Further investigation of how chemo- and/or radio-therapy can influence the recovery of effective anti-tumour immunity is warranted. Understanding how to optimally deploy and sequence conventional and immunotherapies is the challenge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52381,"journal":{"name":"Tumour Virus Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 200212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25381822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}