{"title":"Intrapleural Tenecteplase for Complicated Parapneumonic Pleural Effusion.","authors":"Husain Kadhem, Kannan Sridharan, Naser Naser","doi":"10.1155/2021/2206692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2206692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrapleural thrombolytics have shown promising results in complicated parapneumonic pleural effusions reducing the need for surgical interventions. Until now, studies have evaluated primarily streptokinase, urokinase, and recently, alteplase. In this case series, we share our experience with tenecteplase-a tissue-specific plasminogen activator in 15 patients. We observed that tenecteplase is effective in 14/15 (93.3%) of our patients, and none of them had any bleeding episodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2206692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8519699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39529129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of Submassive Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism in an Adolescent Female.","authors":"Adeline Yi Ling Lim, John Roy, Ajay Kevat","doi":"10.1155/2021/1678528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1678528","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rare presentation in the pediatric population. We report a case of submassive PE in an adolescent female following commencement of a combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP). In the setting of cardiac dysfunction, she received systemic thrombolysis with significant reduction of clot burden and clinical improvement objectively demonstrated shortly thereafter. This case highlights challenges in clinical decision-making regarding surgical or catheter-based interventions versus medical management approaches when addressing life-threatening PE in children. Our case demonstrates that submassive PE in pediatrics can be managed successfully with systemic thrombolysis and therapeutic anticoagulation.","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"1678528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8494530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39503360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Burkett, S McElwee, C Margaroli, P Bajpai, A Elkholy, U Manne, K Wille, P Benson
{"title":"Positive Retrospective SARS-CoV-2 Testing in a Case of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Unknown Etiology.","authors":"A Burkett, S McElwee, C Margaroli, P Bajpai, A Elkholy, U Manne, K Wille, P Benson","doi":"10.1155/2021/5484239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5484239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to elucidate the cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome of unknown etiology in a pre-pandemic patient, molecular techniques were used for detection of SARS-CoV-2. We used a SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein immunofluorescence stain to retrospectively identify an individual with diffuse alveolar damage on autopsy histology who had negative respiratory virus panel results in February, 2020, in Birmingham, Alabama. In situ hybridization for SARS-CoV-2 RNA revealed evidence of widespread multiorgan SARS-CoV-2 infection. This death antecedes the first reported death of a State of Alabama resident diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 by 26 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5484239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39411601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anton Dzian, Marek Malík, Ľuboš Hamada, Jozef Mičák, Ivana Gregorová, Gabriela Košturiaková
{"title":"A Rare Case Diagnosed by Videothoracoscopic Lung Biopsy: Diffuse Pulmonary Meningotheliomatosis.","authors":"Anton Dzian, Marek Malík, Ľuboš Hamada, Jozef Mičák, Ivana Gregorová, Gabriela Košturiaková","doi":"10.1155/2021/1990433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1990433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM) is reported as a diffuse parenchymal lung disease characterized by disseminating small asymptomatic nodules. These lesions are often detected incidentally as microscopic findings in lung specimens or autopsies examined by a pathologist. We report a case of a 60-year-old male asymptomatic patient presenting with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on high-resolution computed tomography and diagnosed by videothoracoscopic surgery. Differential diagnosis of patients presenting with diffuse indeterminate nodules is very important. Definitive diagnosis of DPM requires histopathology and most often videothoracoscopic lung biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"1990433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39397538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma Diagnosed Preoperatively by Endovascular Biopsy and Treated via Right Pneumonectomy and Pulmonary Arterioplasty.","authors":"Daiki Kato, Shohei Mori, Eriko Harada, Rintaro Shigemori, Takamasa Shibazaki, Hideki Matsudaira, Jun Hirano, Hirokazu Ashida, Hiroko Kimura, Michio Yoshitake, Takashi Kunihara, Takashi Ohtsuka","doi":"10.1155/2021/5573869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>. Intimal sarcoma is a very rare tumor arising within the intima of the pulmonary artery. Preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma is difficult, and the tumor is sometimes misdiagnosed as pulmonary thromboembolism. We report a case of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma successfully diagnosed by preoperative endovascular biopsy and treated via right pneumonectomy and pulmonary arterioplasty. <i>Presentation of a Case</i>. A 72-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a low-attenuation defect in the lumen of the right main pulmonary artery by computed tomography. Pulmonary artery thromboembolism was suspected, and anticoagulation therapy was administered. However, the defect in the pulmonary artery did not improve. Endovascular catheter aspiration biopsy was performed. Histological examination revealed pulmonary artery sarcoma. The patient was treated with right pneumonectomy and arterioplasty with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. <i>Discussion</i>. Preoperative biopsy by endovascular catheter is worth considering for a patient with a tumor in the pulmonary artery and can help in planning treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5573869"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8257387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39181139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy in a Trapped Lung following Acute Traumatic Haemothorax.","authors":"Chuan T Foo, Jurgen Herre","doi":"10.1155/2021/5592086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5592086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retained haemothorax is a common sequela of traumatic haemothorax and refers to blood that cannot be drained from the pleural cavity. We report a case of trapped lung secondary to retained haemothorax in a patient who sustained a penetrating chest injury. Initial chest computed tomography (CT) showed a large haemothorax that was managed with an intercostal drain insertion (ICD). Repeat chest CT and thoracic ultrasonography performed after ICD removal showed an organized pleural space resembling haematoma. ICD was reinserted with administration of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT). Subsequent chest CT showed the development of a pleural rind and trapped lung. A second ICD was inserted, and further IPFT were administered together with aggressive negative pressure suction. Haemoglobin remained stable. The patient made a full recovery and imaging performed two weeks later showed minor blunting of the costophrenic angle. This case highlights the feasibility and safety of IPFT in the management of trapped lung associated with traumatic retained haemothorax as an alternative to surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5592086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8238625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39166680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Didar Ul Alam, Khandakar Hussain, Samsone Garedew, Muhammad Imtiaz
{"title":"Vaping and Commitment Flu-B Infection Is a Deadly Combination for Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum.","authors":"Md Didar Ul Alam, Khandakar Hussain, Samsone Garedew, Muhammad Imtiaz","doi":"10.1155/2021/9944491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9944491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaping or E-cigarettes were created to deliver nicotine-containing aerosol to users with a flavoring agent without agents such as tars, oxidant gases, and carbon monoxide smoke found in traditional tobacco cigarettes. The use of E-cigarettes is steadily increasing in the United States, especially among the young population. Electronic cigarettes seem capable of causing various injury patterns in the lungs, collectively called E-cigarettes or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI). Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare finding in EVALI. Here, we report a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to vaping in a young man with no past medical history except for daily vaping and a recent untreated influenza infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9944491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8233070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39166681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Metz, Torben Rixecker, Sebastian Mang, André Becker, Alexander Maßmann, Sören L Becker, Cihan Papan, Barbara Gärtner, Frederik Seiler, Guy Danziger, Robert Bals, Philipp M Lepper
{"title":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> Misinterpreted as <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> Infection.","authors":"Carlos Metz, Torben Rixecker, Sebastian Mang, André Becker, Alexander Maßmann, Sören L Becker, Cihan Papan, Barbara Gärtner, Frederik Seiler, Guy Danziger, Robert Bals, Philipp M Lepper","doi":"10.1155/2021/5546723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5546723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2020, a novel coronavirus caused a global pandemic with a clinical picture termed COVID-19, accounting for numerous cases of ARDS. However, there are still other infectious causes of ARDS that should be considered, especially as the majority of these pathogens are specifically treatable. <i>Case Presentation</i>. We present the case of a 36-year-old gentleman who was admitted to the hospital with flu-like symptoms, after completing a half-marathon one week before admission. As infection with SARS-CoV-2 was suspected based on radiologic imaging, the hypoxemic patient was immediately transferred to the ICU, where he developed ARDS. Empiric antimicrobial chemotherapy was initiated, the patient deteriorated further, therapy was changed, and the patient was transferred to a tertiary care ARDS center. As cold agglutinins were present, the hypothesis of an infection with SARS-CoV-2 was then questioned. Bronchoscopic sampling revealed <i>Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae</i>. When antimicrobial chemotherapy was adjusted, the patient recovered quickly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Usually, <i>M. pneumoniae</i> causes mild disease. When antimicrobial chemotherapy was adjusted, the patient recovered quickly. The case underlines the importance to adhere to established treatment guidelines, scrutinize treatment modalities, and not to forget other potential causes of severe pneumonia or ARDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5546723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39091591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combining Minimally Invasive Techniques in Managing a Frail Patient with Postpneumonectomy Bronchopleural Fistula.","authors":"Kostas Kostopanagiotou, Dimitrios Filippiadis, Efthimios Bakas, Costas Thomas, Andreas Kostroglou, Santaitidis Elias, Tatiana Sidiropoulou, Sotirios Tsiodras, Periklis Tomos","doi":"10.1155/2021/5513136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5513136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula is a life-threatening complication requiring aggressive treatment and early repair. Reoperations are common due to initial treatment failure. Advanced bronchoscopic techniques are rapidly evolving, but permanent results are questionable. We report the minimally invasive management of a frail 79-year-old patient with postpneumonectomy fistula in respiratory failure due to repeated infections. Previous bronchoscopic closure attempts with fibrin failed. The multistep interdisciplinary management included airway surveillance by virtual bronchoscopy, percutaneous fibrin glue instillation under computed tomography, and awake thoracoscopic surgery to achieve temporary closure. This provided an acceptable long period of symptomatic and physical improvement. The bronchial stump failed again four months later, and the patient succumbed to pneumonia. Pneumonectomy has to be avoided unless strongly indicated. Complications are best managed with surgery for definite treatment. We emphasize our approach only when a patient declines surgery or is medically unfit as a temporary time-buying strategy in view of definite surgery in a high-volume center.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5513136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39150708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Croup Is One of the Clinical Manifestations of Novel Coronavirus in Children.","authors":"Mojtaba Kamali Aghdam, Hosein Shabani Mirzaee, Kambiz Eftekhari","doi":"10.1155/2021/8877182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8877182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The manifestations of novel coronavirus are diverse and can manifest through respiratory, gastrointestinal, and even nervous symptoms. Respiratory involvement is usually an upper tract infection or pneumonia but can also present as other forms of pulmonary disorders. A 3-year-old boy presented with cough, hoarseness, and stridor. He was treated with dexamethasone and nebulized adrenaline and a clinical diagnosis of croup was established. After treatment, his symptoms improved for a short time, but suddenly cough exacerbated and was accompanied by respiratory failure and seizures. He was then intubated and mechanically ventilated. Because of the coronavirus epidemic, Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay was taken from the pharyngeal secretions and was positive. The child was isolated. Due to excessive respiratory secretions and worsening of the general condition, bronchoscopy was performed depicting an image compatible with bacterial tracheitis. He was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, antivirals, and supportive care. Finally, after 4 weeks of treatment, the child was discharged in good general condition. Croup is one of the respiratory symptoms of novel coronavirus and can be a risk factor for bacterial tracheitis. Therefore, the presence of clinical manifestations of croup indicates the need for coronavirus PCR testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":52364,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Pulmonology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8877182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25501488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}