Andrea Andolfi, Ling Cai, María Valeria González Martínez, Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares, Francisco Del Valle Rodríguez, Regina Garza Garza, Alex Ruofei Kuai, Xiao Kuang, Jouhaina Nejjari, Yu Shrike Zhang
{"title":"Hyaluronic Acid-Based Bioink for Anisotropic Neural Tissue Cryobioprinting.","authors":"Andrea Andolfi, Ling Cai, María Valeria González Martínez, Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-Mijares, Francisco Del Valle Rodríguez, Regina Garza Garza, Alex Ruofei Kuai, Xiao Kuang, Jouhaina Nejjari, Yu Shrike Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/adfeee","DOIUrl":"10.1088/2631-7990/adfeee","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we present the development of a cryobioink designed to fabricate anisotropic scaffolds that support both neural and muscle cell alignment. Given the critical role of cellular organization in nerve fibers and neuromuscular junctions, we employed a vertical cryobioprinting-enabled ice-templating technique to create scaffolds with aligned microchannels. These channels facilitated cell alignment, which is important in modeling neural and neuromuscular tissues. By integrating hyaluronic acid-methacrylate (HAMA) with gelatin methacryloyl and the necessary cryoprotective agent melezitose, we showcased that the cryobioink could preserve cell viability during freezing/thawing processes, even at low temperatures employed during cryobioprinting. We optimized HAMA concentration to enhance neural cell viability and alignment, and successfully constructed anisotropic scaffolds featuring distinct sections that contained muscle and neural cells, establishing a model for neuromuscular junctions. The resulting models provide a versatile platform for studying nerve fibers and neuromuscular dysfunctions, offering potential advancements in neural regeneration research.</p>","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12732739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Ye, Jie Gao, Zhiyuan Zheng, Di Xin, Zhe Zhang, Shilu Zhu, Qingdong Zhang, Yang Zhang, Liang Xu, Shuwei Shen, Mingzhai Sun, Ronald X. Xu
{"title":"Fabricating engineered tissues with spatially varied microenvironments via embedded 3D printing in a cell-dense suspension","authors":"Min Ye, Jie Gao, Zhiyuan Zheng, Di Xin, Zhe Zhang, Shilu Zhu, Qingdong Zhang, Yang Zhang, Liang Xu, Shuwei Shen, Mingzhai Sun, Ronald X. Xu","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/ae3347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ae3347","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The long-term goal of bioengineered tissues is to achieve precise cell type distribution, physiological cell density, perfusable vascular channels, and mature functionality. However, fabricating engineered tissue with the microenvironmental features of organs with physiological cell density remains a significant challenge in this field. To address this, several key obstacles must be overcome. First, vascularization is indispensable for engineered tissues; however, disturbances may occur when introducing vascular channels within pre-fabricated tissues. Second, maintaining fabrication precision becomes increasingly difficult during high-cell-density embedded printing. Third, the suspension bath used for embedded printing often fails to provide a suitable growth environment. Herein, we modified the rheological properties of the bioactive hydrogel by incorporating a thixotropic laponite nanoclay (LPN) and demonstrated that an optimized ratio of collagen methacrylate (ColMA) to LPN forms a self-healing suspension bath, which is enhanced by hydrogen bonding interactions and is capable of in situ crosslinking. This printing strategy was generalized as the embedded 3D printing in cell-dense suspension (EPICS). The self-healing properties of the EPICS remain unaffected even when encapsulating a near-physiological cell density of 10 8 cells·mL −1 , and it provides precise control of the printing resolution from 1 mm to 100 µm. Compared with the model containing 10 6 cells·mL −1 , the use of EPICS could create a robust hepatic model with mature liver markers and reduced apoptosis gene expression. Moreover, EPICS can efficiently fabricate spatially controlled perfusable channels, thereby mimicking the spatially varied microenvironments of hepatocellular carcinoma, highlighting its broad applications in therapeutics involving tissue and organ constructs.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 3","pages":"035001-035001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147382030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D printable dual-sensing hydrogels with exceptional anti-swelling and toughness","authors":"Weizi Gao, Zhe Lu, Shiwei Feng, Yunlong Guo, Jingjing Cui, Fukang Liu, Zhenxiang Wang, Zhijie Mao, Liang Chen, Jin Cui, Biao Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/ae1c7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ae1c7d","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been serving the demand for high-precision, personalized, and integrated fabrication of sensory hydrogels for signal monitoring, soft robotics, and other applications. However, the 3D printed sensory hydrogels still face problems such as structural instability and insufficient mechanical properties. In this work, an anti-swelling dual-sensing hydrogel system for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology is introduced and successfully applied to the preparation of a stable self-sensing soft gripper underwater. The anti-swelling dual-sensing hydrogel system is composed of a copolymer of N-acryloylsemicarbazide and acrylic acid and the piezoelectric filler poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene). During the solvent exchange of organic hydrogels into hydrogels, abundant physical cross-linking and the formation of hydrophobic structures inhibit the swelling behavior of hydrogels in water. The resulting hydrogel exhibits high toughness (15.2 MJ·m −3 ), high strain level (1 093.3%), high ultimate stress (2.8 MPa), and swelling-resistant behavior (equilibrium swelling ratio of 1.9% in water for 100 days). Meanwhile, calcium ions enter the hydrogel to improve the ionic conductivity of the hydrogel, and the presence of piezoelectric fillers endows the hydrogel with dual-sensing properties. The use of DLP printed hydrogel allows for personalized and customized structures, and an underwater soft gripper based on anti-swelling dual-sensing hydrogel is being further developed for the initial determination of the size and shape of the object and for guiding further underwater work, demonstrating the potential for visualizing underwater invisible motions.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 2","pages":"025002-025002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrogel-shape memory polymer synergistic effect enabled 4D-printed ceramic precursors with programmable recovery onset and reversible deformation","authors":"Dekun Kong, Zhihui Zhang, Hailong Wu, Xunjin Li, Jinsong Zhang, Baoyu Zhang, Anfu Guo, Luquan Ren","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/ae098d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ae098d","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ceramic 4D printing, which integrates dynamic deformation with additive manufacturing, demonstrates significant potential in intelligent manufacturing, on-demand shaping of complex structures, and multifunctional device development. Its core advantage lies in endowing materials with environmentally responsive dynamic deformation capabilities. However, current technologies still face limitations in responsiveness, reversibility, and mechanical performance. To address these challenges, this study proposes a programmable ceramic precursor system based on synergistic reinforcement of phase-separating hydrogels and shape memory polymers, combined with a nano-ceramic particle enhancement strategy. Using stereolithography 3D printing, high-precision fabrication of complex structures was achieved. By adjusting precursor composition, programming time, and structural thickness, the phase-separation kinetics-driven delayed recovery mechanism was elucidated, enabling precise control over recovery onset time. Furthermore, the thermal response mechanism of the precursor materials is explored, along with their potential for multi-shape transformation in biomedical applications, which is further extended to shape memory polymer systems. By employing a layered printing strategy, the autonomous reversible deformation of ceramic precursors is realized, providing new possibilities for specific applications.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 1","pages":"015005-015005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangping Li, Haoxu Yu, D. Li, Wang Fujun, Yanling Tian, Yuan Tian, Faze Chen
{"title":"An aircell hydrogel for ultra-sensitive human-machine interaction","authors":"Xiangping Li, Haoxu Yu, D. Li, Wang Fujun, Yanling Tian, Yuan Tian, Faze Chen","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/ae0538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ae0538","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Porous hydrogel sensors have attracted significant attention in fields such as smart wearables and medical monitoring due to their high sensitivity. However, existing fabrication methods typically degrade the surface smoothness of hydrogels when introducing porous structures and face significant challenges in removing fillers completely. To address these challenges, we herein introduce a novel one-step, thermosensitive spray-coating technique for the preparation of aircell hydrogel (ACH). This method leverages the rapid cooling of a thermoresponsive gelatin methacryloyl solution through atomization, enabling rapid cross-linking within seconds and air bubbles encapsulated in situ. Additionally, the transient flow of the pre-gel facilitates the repair of voids formed by ruptured surface bubbles, leading to the creation of the ACH with uniformly distributed inner air bubbles and a smooth outer surface. The mold-free fabrication method is independent of substrate surface properties, enabling the creation of a porous hydrogel film with a thickness as thin as 163 μm. Furthermore, the dual-crosslinked network endows the ACH with excellent anti-swelling properties, and the physical crosslinking between gelatin molecules allows the ACH to self-heal. The ACH exhibits excellent sensitivity in deformation sensing and can even successfully track minor external forces, which enables it to effectively complete various tasks such as facial expression recognition, pitch differentiation, and motion detection. By integrating the ACH into a sensing glove, we also demonstrate the significant potential of the ACH for applications in human-machine interaction and tactile sensing. Ultimately, the ACH sensors are also applied to motion mapping and machine tactile feedback, indicating their promising potential in human-machine interaction.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 1","pages":"015505-015505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2631-7990/ae0538/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanyong Wei, Yang Hu, Ming Yang, Chaoyang Shi, Chengzhi Hu
{"title":"A magnetic patch robot with photothermal-activated multi-modality for targeted anti-postoperative adhesion","authors":"Tanyong Wei, Yang Hu, Ming Yang, Chaoyang Shi, Chengzhi Hu","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/add2de","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/add2de","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Adhesive patches offer an effective approach for wound closure, making them highly suitable for biomedical applications. However, conventional patches often face limitations such as dual-sided adhesion, lack of shape adaptability, and limited maneuverability, which restrict their applications in deeper tissues. In this paper, we develop a magnetic patch robot (PatchBot), for targeted Janus adhesion with tissues. The PatchBot features a unique triple-layer structure, with adhesive, shape-morphing, and anti-adhesive layers, each fulfilling roles to support targeted attachment, enable shape transformation, and prevent unwanted adhesion to surrounding tissues. The Janus adhesion of the PatchBot was extensively demonstrated across a variety of tissues. A localized near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation was used to induce programmable shape transformations. Magnetic actuation of the PatchBot for targeted adhesion was successfully demonstrated in ex vivo porcine stomach tissue. NIR light-activated shape-morphing and multimodal magnetic actuation significantly enhance its maneuverability and adaptability in confined in vivo environments while ensuring the structural integrity of the adhesive surface during deployment. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of using PatchBot for targeted wound adhesion, showing its potential for minimally invasive, precision therapies in complex in vivo environments.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"7 5","pages":"055502-055502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng Zhu, Dandan Gao, Zhuo Huang, Wei‐Chiao Chang, Bin Wu, Kaihao Zhang, Minghan Sun, Hengxu Song, Robert O. Ritchie, Tuo Wang, Wei Huang, Huamin Zhou
{"title":"Cryogenic 3D printing of damage tolerant hierarchical porous ceramics","authors":"Zheng Zhu, Dandan Gao, Zhuo Huang, Wei‐Chiao Chang, Bin Wu, Kaihao Zhang, Minghan Sun, Hengxu Song, Robert O. Ritchie, Tuo Wang, Wei Huang, Huamin Zhou","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/adb9a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/adb9a8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fabricating damage tolerant porous ceramics with efficient energy absorption and impact-resistant capability has been a challenge because of the brittle nature of ceramic materials. In nature, mineralized tissues or organisms such as cuttlebones and diatoms have evolved with hierarchical porous structures to overcome this difficulty. A bioinspired design of ceramic lattice structure with pores at multiple length scales, ranging from few nanometers to hundreds of micrometers, is proposed in the present work. These ceramic lattices with hierarchical porous structures were successfully fabricated via 3D cryogenic printing. Under quasi-static compressions, the printed ceramic lattices showed unprecedented long plateau strain (∼60%) and a specific energy absorption of ∼10 kJ·kg ‒1 with a porosity of ∼90%. The resulting energy absorption capability was comparable with most composites and metals, thus overcoming the brittle nature of traditional porous ceramics. This was attributed to the delayed destruction of the lattice structure, as well as the gradual collapse of pores at multiple length scales. Similar trends have also been observed under split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests, indicating excellent energy absorption under high strain-rate impacts. The proposed 3D printing technique that produces hierarchical pores was also demonstrated to apply to other functional materials, such as silicon carbide, barium titanate, hydroxyapatite, and even titanium alloy, thus opening up new possibilities for fabricating bioinspired hierarchical porous structures.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"7 4","pages":"045002-045002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaikai Li, Yingxi Xie, Pengyu Shen, Min Yu, Jiao Gao, Junming Bi, Long Wang, Longsheng Lu
{"title":"Micro/nano-manufacturing of bioinspired blood-repellent surfaces for extreme application in surgical electrodes","authors":"Kaikai Li, Yingxi Xie, Pengyu Shen, Min Yu, Jiao Gao, Junming Bi, Long Wang, Longsheng Lu","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/adb9a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/adb9a7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues, which threaten operation quality and patient safety. In this study, by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin, we proposed a strategy that utilized nanoscale aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) films deposited on bioinspired shark skin (BSS) microstructures to design a composite surface (Al 2 O 3 @BSS) and integrated it into both flat sides of the surgical electrodes. Micro/nano-manufacturing of the Al 2 O 3 @BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing, atomic layer deposition, and low-temperature annealing, endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties. Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al 2 O 3 @BSS surface, resulting in anti-adhesion. Furthermore, it was observed for the first time that Al 2 O 3 films could transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface (DADS) to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat, thereby minimising thermal damage. A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al 2 O 3 @BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion, damage minimisation, and drag reduction. In addition, the Al 2 O 3 @BSS electrodes possessed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus . The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"7 4","pages":"045503-045503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Deniz Derman, Taino Rivera, Laura Garriga Cerda, Yogendra Pratap Singh, Shweta Saini, Hasan Erbil Abaci, Ibrahim T Ozbolat
{"title":"Advancements in 3D skin bioprinting: processes, bioinks, applications and sensor integration.","authors":"I Deniz Derman, Taino Rivera, Laura Garriga Cerda, Yogendra Pratap Singh, Shweta Saini, Hasan Erbil Abaci, Ibrahim T Ozbolat","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/ad878c","DOIUrl":"10.1088/2631-7990/ad878c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted landscape of skin bioprinting, revolutionizing dermatological research. The applications of skin bioprinting utilizing techniques like extrusion-, droplet-, laser- and light-based methods, with specialized bioinks for skin biofabrication have been critically reviewed along with the intricate aspects of bioprinting hair follicles, sweat glands, and achieving skin pigmentation. Challenges remain with the need for vascularization, safety concerns, and the integration of automated processes for effective clinical translation. The review further investigates the incorporation of biosensor technologies, emphasizing their role in monitoring and enhancing the wound healing process. While highlighting the remarkable progress in the field, critical limitations and concerns are critically examined to provide a balanced perspective. This synthesis aims to guide scientists, engineers, and healthcare providers, fostering a deeper understanding of the current state, challenges, and future directions in skin bioprinting for transformative applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"7 1","pages":"012009"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}