Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems最新文献

{"title":"Gradient Feature Extract for the Quantification of Complex Defects Using Topographic Primal Sketch in Magnetic Flux Leakage","authors":"Fred John Alimey, Yu Haichao, L. Bai, Yuhua Cheng, Wang Yonggang","doi":"10.1115/1.4044778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044778","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Defect quantification is a very important aspect in nondestructive testing (NDT) as it helps in the analysis and prediction of a structure's integrity and lifespan. In this paper, we propose a gradient feature extraction for the quantification of complex defect using topographic primal sketch (TPS) in magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing. This method uses four excitation patterns so as to obtain MFL images from experiment; a mean image is then produced, assuming it has 80–90% the properties of all four images. A gradient manipulation is then performed on the mean image using a novel least-squares minimization (LSM) approach, for which, pixels with large gradient values (considered as possible defect pixels) are extracted. These pixels are then mapped so as to get the actual defect geometry/shape within the sample. This map is now traced using a TPS for a precise quantification. Results have shown the ability of the method to extract and quantify defects with high precision given its perimeter, area, and depth. This significantly eliminates errors associated with output analysis as results can be clearly seen, interpreted, and understood.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90091627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signal Processing for Enhancing Impulsiveness Toward Estimating Location of Multiple Roller Defects in a Taper Roller Bearing","authors":"Anil Kumar, R. Kumar","doi":"10.1115/1.4045010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Rolling element defect identification is a difficult task. The reason being that defect on the rolling element has both rotational as well as revolutionary motion. To identify rolling element defect in a taper roller bearing, a novel signal processing scheme is proposed which results in a substantial increase in kurtosis and impulse factor of the vibration signal. The scheme constitutes a series of operations. In the beginning, the raw signal is decomposed by ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and inverse filtering (INF). The above two stages of signal processing extract hidden impulses which are suppressed in the noise present in the experimental data. In the third stage of processing, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) using adaptive wavelet is applied to the preprocessed signal to produce a 2D map of the CWT scalogram. This transformation results in a higher coefficient in the region of impulse produced due to the defect. Finally, time marginal integration (TMI) of the CWT scalogram is carried out for defect localization. The defect frequency was evaluated with an accuracy of 97.81% and defect location was identified with an accuracy of 92%.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89341205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weibull and Bootstrap-Based Data-Analytics Framework for Fatigue Life Prognosis of the Pressurized Water Nuclear Reactor Component Under Harsh Reactor Coolant Environment","authors":"Jae Phil Park, S. Mohanty, C. Bahn, S. Majumdar, K. Natesan","doi":"10.1115/1.4045162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045162","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In general, the fatigue life of a safety critical pressure component is estimated using best-fit fatigue life curves (S-N curves). These curves are estimated based on underlying in-air condition fatigue test data. The best-fitting approach requires a large safety factor to accommodate the uncertainty associated with large scatter in fatigue test data. In addition to this safety factor, reactor component fatigue life prognostics requires an additional correction factor that in general is also estimated deterministically. This additional factor known as the environmental correction factor Fen is to cater the effect of the harsh coolant environment that severely reduces the life of these components. The deterministic Fen factor may also lead to further conservative estimation of fatigue life leading to unnecessary early retirement of costly reactor components. To address the above-mentioned issues, we propose a data-analytics framework which uses Weibull and Bootstrap probabilistic modeling techniques for explicitly quantifying the uncertainty/scatter associated with fatigue life rather than estimating the lives based on a best-fit based deterministic approach. We assume the proposed probabilistic approach would provide the first hand information for assessing the maximum and minimum effects of pressurized water reactor water on the reactor component. In the discussed approach, in addition to the probabilistic fatigue curves, we suggest using a probabilistic environment correction factor Fen. We assume the probabilistic fatigue curve and Fen would capture the S-N data scatter associated with the bulk effect of material grades, surface finish, strain rate, etc. on the material/component fatigue life.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87005062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic Flaw Recognition by Multi-Angle Phased Array Data Integration","authors":"Wei Zhang, Xinyan Wang, Xuefei Guan","doi":"10.1115/1.4046722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4046722","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study presents a method of ultrasonic flaw identification using phased array ultrasonic inspection data. Raw data from each individual channel of the phased array ultrasonic inspection are obtained. The data trimming and de-noising are employed to retain the data within the boundary of the inspected object and remove the speckle noise components from the raw data, respectively. The resulting data are passed into a sequence of signal processing operations to identify embedded flaws. A shape-based filtering method is proposed to reduce the intensity of geometric noise components due to the non-uniform microstructures introduced in the manufacturing process. The resulting data matrices are integrated to obtain the intensity matrix of the possible flaw regions. Thresholding is applied to the intensity matrix to obtain the potential flaw regions, followed by a connected component analysis to identify the flaws. The overall method is demonstrated and validated using realistic phased array experimental data.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88395337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Model-Assisted Probability of Detection and Sensitivity Analysis for Ultrasonic Testing Simulations Using Stochastic Metamodeling","authors":"Xiaosong Du, Leifur Þ. Leifsson, W. Meeker, P. Gurrala, Jiming Song, R. Roberts","doi":"10.1115/1.4044446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044446","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Model-assisted probability of detection (MAPOD) and sensitivity analysis (SA) are important for quantifying the inspection capability of nondestructive testing (NDT) systems. To improve the computational efficiency, this work proposes the use of polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs), integrated with least-angle regression (LARS), a basis-adaptive technique, and a hyperbolic truncation scheme, in lieu of the direct use of the physics-based measurement model in the MAPOD and SA calculations. The proposed method is demonstrated on three ultrasonic testing cases and compared with Monte Carlo sampling (MCS) of the physics model, MCS-based kriging, and the ordinary least-squares (OLS)-based PCE method. The results show that the probability of detection (POD) metrics of interests can be controlled within 1% accuracy relative to using the physics model directly. Comparison with metamodels shows that the LARS-based PCE method can provide up to an order of magnitude improvement in the computational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84315749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Assessment of Large Membrane Structures Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Aided Photogrammetry: Determination of Flight Parameters and Trials at the Western Treatment Plant","authors":"Leslie Wong, F. Courtney, B. Vien, T. Kuen, P. Douglas, Yue Ma, J. Kodikara, W. Chiu","doi":"10.1115/1.4044637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044637","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Floating covers are examples of a large membrane structure used at sewage treatment plants. At the Western Treatment Plant (WTP), Werribee, Melbourne, Australia, floating covers are used in the anaerobic lagoons. They are deployed to assist with the anaerobic treatment of the raw sewage beneath, to harness the methane-rich biogas generated, and for odor control. In this respect, these floating covers are important assets for harnessing a sustainable and renewable energy source, as well as protecting the environment from the release of the damaging greenhouse methane-rich biogas from the treatment plant. Given the continuous nature of the biological process beneath the cover, the forces imposed on the floating cover will change with time. Hence, the monitoring and the assessment of the structural integrity of the floating cover are of paramount importance. These floating covers are made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a polymeric material. The size of these covers, the hazardous environment, and the expected life span demand a novel, remotely piloted, unmanned aerial vehicle based noncontact technique for the structural health assessment. This assessment methodology will utilize photogrammetry as the basis for determining the surface deformation of the membrane. This paper reports on an experimental study to determine the flight parameters and to assess the accuracy of the measurement technique. It was conducted over an area having similar dimensions to the large covers at the WTP. There are also features in this area, which are of similar scale to those expected in the floating cover. A total of nine test flights were used to investigate the parameters for optimal definition of the significant features to describe the deformation of the floating cover. The findings inform the selection of the unmanned aerial vehicle assisted photogrammetry parameters for optimal flight altitude, photogrammetry image overlap, and flight grid path for future integrity assessment of the floating covers. Two trial flights at WTP are also discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this noncontact technique for the future structural health assessment and in assisting with the operation of this large high-value asset.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling of Multiple Concurrent Faults for Diagnosing Coal Cutter Gearboxes: An Extensive Experimental Investigation With Multichannel Sensor Measurements","authors":"Zhixiong Li, Fushun Liu, Shuaishuai Sun, T. Sarkodie-Gyan, Weihua Li","doi":"10.1115/1.4044445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044445","url":null,"abstract":"Due to harsh operating environments in underground coal seams, the key components (e.g., gear pairs and bearings) in the power transmission systems of coal cutters suffer from extreme wear and functional damages. To guarantee the safe and reliable operation of the coal cutters, it is important to monitor the condition of their transmission systems and detect possible faults in a timely manner. A challenging task here is to diagnose multiple concurrent faults. A literature review indicates that the current interests lie on the decoupling of multiple co-existing faults and that the very limited work has been done to deal with the dependence/correlation between the fault signals. To address this issue, this work extends our previous work on gear crack detection using the bounded component analysis (BCA) and proposes an improved BCA-based approach for decoupling hybrid faults with high dependence/correlation in coal cutter transmission systems. The proposed approach incorporates the Vold–Kalman order tracking and spectral kurtosis into an improved BCA framework (OTBCA-SK). Owing to the uniform sampling of order tracking, the influence of background noise and rotational speed variation on vibration signals can be effectively reduced. Since BCA is capable of handling vibration sources that are statistically dependent, OTBCA-SK can decouple both independent and dependent source signals. As a result, the vibration sources excited by hybrid faults, although maybe dependent/correlated, can be fully decoupled into single-fault vibration source signals. Three specially designed case studies were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed OTBCA-SK approach in decoupling hybrid gear faults. The analysis results demonstrate better performance of hybrid fault decoupling using OTBCA-SK than that of three representative techniques, i.e., Erdogan's BCA (E-BCA), joint approximate diagonalization of eigen matrices (JADE) and fast independent component analysis (FastICA). These case studies also suggest that the proposed OTBCA-SK approach can retain the physical meaning of the original vibration and is hence suitable for hybrid fault diagnosis in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84742621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Section on Selected Papers From the 7th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (APWSHM) 2018","authors":"Z. Su, S. Yuan, H. Sohn","doi":"10.1115/1.4045009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75410177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromagnetic Nondestructive Testing Model and Surface Magnetic Field Analysis for Circumferential Cracks on Metal Rod","authors":"Feng Jiang, Shulin Liu, Shaojie Xin, Hongli Zhang","doi":"10.1115/1.4044444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044444","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, an analytical model for a metal rod with a coating layer is proposed to evaluate circumferential crack from the signals of the surface magnetic field. In the proposed model, magnetic vector equations for four regions of space were built, and series expressions of the magnetic field were proposed by the truncated region eigenfunction method. The calculation results can show the three-dimensional distribution of axial and radial magnetic induction intensities on the surface of a metal rod clearly. In addition, the analytical model is verified by using comsol finite element simulation, which also demonstrates that induced eddy currents on the inner surface of the metal rod with cracks appear to be propelled toward the inner layer of the metal rod and the presence of a circumferential crack directly causes a decrease in the induced eddy current on the inner surface of the rod. The results calculated from the analytical model indicated that the model is capable of providing an accurate variation in the magnetic field due to circumferential cracks at different depths. The analytical results showed that the radial magnetic induction intensity increases by 0.16 × 10−3 T, while the axial magnetic induction intensity decreases by 0.3 × 10−3 T as the crack depth increases from 0 to 3 mm.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82018790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Ultrasonic Testing Method for Residual Strain Measurement With Laser Grating","authors":"C. Pei, Xing Kou, Tianhao Liu, Zhenmao Chen","doi":"10.1115/1.4044639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044639","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, a new and noncontact ultrasonic testing (UT) method using laser grating is proposed for the residual strain measurement. In this method, the laser grating technique is utilized to generate coherent surface waves with a specific wavelength in the narrow frequency band. A numerical method based on the finite element model is established to simulate the coherent surface waves generated by the laser grating in prestrained media to determine the capability and sensitivity of this method. The relationship between the strain and frequency spectrum of the coherent surface wave is studied. Finally, an experiment validation of the laser grating-based UT of residual strain is carried out using specimen with different plastic strains by the tensile test.","PeriodicalId":52294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnostics and Prognostics of Engineering Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86960838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}