{"title":"Evaluating the influence of volumetric properties on back-calculated asphalt layer moduli using falling weight deflectometer data","authors":"Varsha Ravindra Harne , Rajesh Kumar Tripathi , Sunny Deol Guzzarlapudi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The back-calculation process performed in pavement systems is the numerical analysis of captured deflections for estimating layer stiffness parameters. The prediction of fatigue performance in terms of back-calculated asphalt layer moduli by using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD) has specific challenges in terms of testing protocol, skillset, and complex back-calculation analysis. The performance of the asphalt layer is primarily governed by extrinsic parameters such as temperature, vehicular transient loading characteristics, moisture content, and intrinsic parameters such as binder properties and aggregate mix properties. The role of volumetric properties of asphalt mixes contributes significantly to the back-calculated asphalt layer moduli in terms of the overall life of the structure. The asphalt layer moduli are dependent on the traditional volumetric properties of asphalt mixes such as air voids in the mix (AVIM), voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), the percentage of bitumen content (PBM), and voids filled with asphalt (VFA). In this study, a total of 60 in-service pavement sections are identified from three different categories of roads to perform FWD tests and collection of asphalt layer core samples. A detailed laboratory investigation is carried out to estimate the volumetric properties of different core samples. This study uses field investigations to determine the degree of interdependency between the volumetric characteristics of asphalt mixtures and temperature on the back-calculated layer moduli. Furthermore, the findings from this study are utilized to establish several correlations at the aggregate level, demonstrating strong relationships with <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> values ranging from 0.84 to 0.875. The developed model is validated and depicted in good agreement with the actual values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 115-130"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141278651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Abbas Bangash , Arshad Hussain , Nangyaley Khan , Yanjun Qiu
{"title":"Optimizing waste management and enhancing asphalt performance: A sustainable approach using discarded baby diapers and face masks","authors":"Muhammad Abbas Bangash , Arshad Hussain , Nangyaley Khan , Yanjun Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces an innovative approach to address the management of waste baby diapers (BDs) and face masks (FMs) in order to mitigate environmental risks associated with the indiscriminate disposal of BD and FM waste. The study focuses on using BDs and FMs in road pavement hot mix asphalt (HMA) to enhance bitumen and aggregate performance, respectively. The approach involves the direct incorporation of 4% shredded BD during the bitumen melting process, while varying percentages of shredded FM (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% relative to aggregate weight) are utilized as aggregate coating through a melting process. The inclusion of BD enhances the resistance of modified bitumen (MB) to permanent deformations under high temperatures compared to conventional bitumen. Simultaneously, the treatment of FM significantly improves the physical and mechanical attributes of the aggregates. The combination of 4% BD and 1.5% FM results in improved densification, fostering robust bonding between aggregates and asphalt paste. This enhancement leads to a 39% increase in stability, an 18% increase in indirect tensile strength (ITS), and a 27% reduction in permanent deformations. Notably, there is a remarkable 53% increase in resistance to rut depth and a 33% increase in resilient modulus. Ultimately, the implementation of 4% BD as a bitumen enhancer and 1.5% FM as an aggregate modifier demonstrates the potential to achieve waste reductions of 36% and 61%, respectively. This approach extends beyond pavement enhancement, contributing to the broader societal mitigation of adverse effects associated with BD and FM waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 47-64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling urban resident travel satisfaction during the morning and the evening peak hours: A case study in Beijing","authors":"Zeqian Jin , Xia Yang , Chen Li , Feng Jang Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how various factors influence travel satisfaction can assist in traffic policy-making. In the study, it is aimed to develop innovative urban resident travel satisfaction evaluation models by building a comprehensive travel satisfaction evaluation index system and considering the asymmetric traffic flow and difference in travel time urgency during the morning and evening peak hours. Both the internal factors reflecting resident-related characteristics including socio-economic attributes and travel characteristics, and the external factors reflecting road-related characteristics including traffic facilities, road traffic conditions, traffic environments, and service levels are considered. Then, for the morning and evening peak hours, a structural equation model (SEM) to capture the intrinsic interactions between latent factors, and an ordered logit model (OLM) to describe the direct influencing factors of travel satisfaction considering its ordered nature are built respectively. Finally, the proposed models are examined with the travel survey data collected in the Yizhuang district of Beijing, China. The numerical results show that both the internal and external factors have significant impacts on travel satisfaction. The SEM models capture the interactions between latent variables such as the positive relation between traffic facilities and traffic environments. The OLM results show that most external factors except the satisfaction of the road obstacles have positive influences on travel satisfaction. The research findings provide a better understanding of the intrinsic interactions between latent variables and direct influencing factors of travel satisfaction and put forward guidance on how to improve travel satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 65-79"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feipeng Xiao , Zhitao Zhang , Zichao Wu , Wentao He , Jin Li
{"title":"Machine learning-based climate zoning and asphalt selection for pavement infrastructure under changing climate: A focused study of Ningxia, China","authors":"Feipeng Xiao , Zhitao Zhang , Zichao Wu , Wentao He , Jin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change poses significant challenges to the durability and performance of asphalt pavements. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of climatic factors in Ningxia, China, to establish a robust climate zoning framework for asphalt pavements. Utilizing machine learning techniques, specifically the fuzzy <em>c</em>-means (FCM) algorithm, three distinct climate zones within Ningxia were divided considering climatic features such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, maximum temperature difference, cumulative precipitation, and cumulative radiation. Based on the historical climate data and long-term pavement performance (LTPP) model, five asphalt performance grade (PG) zones were classified in Ningxia Province. Besides, six climate sub-zones, which integrated the asphalt PG zones into climate zones, provided a more refined strategy for the asphalt selection. The study also projected future climate scenarios using the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX-GDDP-CMIP6) dataset provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to assess the impact of climate change on asphalt selection in Ningxia. The significant changes in pavement temperature indicated the necessity to adapt asphalt pavement designs to future climate scenarios. Overall, this research contributed to the construction of more climate-resilient pavement infrastructures and provided an analysis framework for other regions facing similar climate-induced challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 371-386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An improved multi-objective method for the selection of driverless taxi site locations","authors":"Yaqin He, Yu Xiao, Jiehang Chen, Daobin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To expedite the large-scale deployment of driverless taxis and advance the autonomous driving industry, research on the location of integrated parking and charging facilities for driverless taxis has emerged as a significant issue in urban traffic. This study employs a progressive “preliminary selection-screening-optimal selection” approach for site selection. First, the preliminary selection of parking sites is conducted by clustering various point-of-interest types. Subsequently, a multi-objective site selection model is developed to maximize the coverage of demand points, minimize construction costs, address the largest population demands, and minimize the distance between demand points and candidate sites. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to obtain several Pareto optimal solutions. The evaluation indexes are selected according to operators, users, and the public transport system to estimate the Pareto optimal solutions, and then the final location solution can be obtained. The calculation methods for several key parameters are improved during the modeling process. Location potential and location influence coefficient are selected to adjust the number of driverless taxi parking spaces. Additionally, isochrones drawn based on the actual road network and path planning represent the service range of candidate points. Meanwhile, distance based on actual road network rather than Euclidean distance is introduced to calculate the distance between candidate points. Finally, a case study shows that the method proposed in this study could reduce the total initial travel time to reach the demand points by 64%, which is independent of operational scheduling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 387-402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yesihati Azati , Xuesong Wang , Mohammed Quddus , Xuefang Zhang
{"title":"Graph convolutional LSTM algorithm for real-time crash prediction on mountainous freeways","authors":"Yesihati Azati , Xuesong Wang , Mohammed Quddus , Xuefang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate real-time traffic crash prediction is crucial for proactive traffic safety management. Currently, the majority of real-time models forecast crashes every 5 min to support different intelligent transportation systems. However, these intervals might be too short for practical use in manually implementing proactive traffic safety measures such as deploying traffic law enforcement and emergency rescue resources. Therefore, this study develops hourly crash prediction models to provide network operators with sufficient time to take measures in advance. A section of a mountainous freeway in Guizhou province is divided into homogeneous segments, with crash data, traffic operations data, and meteorological data being collected hourly. As the result is an imbalanced dataset of crash and non-crash instances, the training dataset is resampled using synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) to address the issue. To fully capture the complex spatiotemporal relationships in the data and achieve high crash prediction accuracy, a graph convolutional network-long short-term memory (GCN-LSTM) model is constructed for the first time, combining a graph convolutional network (GCN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. For comparison purposes, LSTM, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and logistic regression (LR) models are developed. The results show that the GCN-LSTM model outperforms other models in hourly traffic crash prediction, and the optimal prediction performance is achieved with the crash-to-non-crash ratio of 1:4. The GCN-LSTM method is found to effectively capture the complex spatiotemporal relationships in prediction data and to handle imbalanced traffic crash data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 272-284"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sukallyan Ghosh , Salvador Hernandez , Nabeel Saleem Saad Al-Bdairi
{"title":"Understanding the role of the COVID-19 pandemic on risky driving behavior and injury severity of drivers: Embracing heterogeneity in means and variances","authors":"Sukallyan Ghosh , Salvador Hernandez , Nabeel Saleem Saad Al-Bdairi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered global mobility patterns, leading to a marked decrease in travel activities worldwide. In the United States, travel demand fell notably, contributing to a 22% reduction in overall crashes in 2020 compared to the prior year. In Oregon, vehicle miles traveled (VMT) dropped by 10.8%, and crashes decreased by 23.9%, yet fatalities increased by 2.63%. This rise in fatal crashes is linked to altered driving behavior, including aggressive, distracted, and impaired driving. This study investigates factors related to risky driving behavior-induced crashes in Oregon during the pandemic. Utilizing a random parameter multinomial logit model that accommodates heterogeneity, we found significant correlations between reckless behaviors, such as driving without a license, speeding, and neglecting to use restraints, and the severity of injuries. Our findings indicate temporal instability in factors contributing to injury severity. In 2019, severe injuries were more common in crashes involving drug use, drivers aged 45–54, and in speed zones of 45–55 mph (1 mph = 1.609 344 km/h). In 2020, young drivers under 25 and night-time crashes on lit streets were more likely to result in severe injuries. This research sheds light on the impact of COVID-19 on driver behavior and injury severity, particularly concerning aggressive driving. The identified risk factors are crucial for state and federal agencies to enhance road safety measures and ensure safer environments for all road users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 330-342"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analytical model of many-to-one carpool system performance under cost-based detour limits","authors":"Xin Dong, Hao Liu, Vikash V. Gayah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carpooling has emerged as a highly efficient method for mitigating traffic congestion. By strategically consolidating multiple travelers into fewer vehicles, carpooling substantially cuts down the overall number of vehicles on the road. However, the effectiveness of a carpooling system highly depends on the proportion of interested users who can be successfully matched and the amount of benefits users gain from these matches. This paper develops analytical models to estimate these metrics for a carpooling system that serves a many-to-one demand pattern, in which travelers share the same basic destination but travel from different origins. Two distinct scenarios are incorporated in the models: one where users have a preferred role as a driver or rider and another in which they are ambivalent between the two roles. The models provide the system’s expected match rate and average user surplus as a function of the network size, number of users, and travel costs. Different from previous studies, the proposed models developed here consider that users only participate in trips beneficial to them from a cost perspective, rather than assuming fixed detours. This allows for matching incorporating spatial and financial considerations, promising flexible and rational matches in carpool systems. Simulation tests are used to validate the effectiveness of the analytical models. Results also offer insights into how various factors impact the system’s performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 80-95"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaobing Ding , Huilin Wan , Gan Shi , Chen Hong , Zhigang Liu
{"title":"Predicting hazard degree levels of metro operation accidents based on ordered constraint Apriori-RF method","authors":"Xiaobing Ding , Huilin Wan , Gan Shi , Chen Hong , Zhigang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore the non-linear relationship between risk sources and the hazard degree levels of accidents, and to precisely predict the hazard impact of metro operation accidents, we propose the ordered constraint Apriori-RF method for forecasting metro operation accident hazard degree levels. First, the hazard degree of metro operation accidents is quantified from three dimensions: casualties, train delays, and facility damages. K-means clustering is then applied to categorize hazard degree levels. Second, the ordered constraint Apriori algorithm is employed to mine valid association rules between metro operation risk sources and accident hazard degree levels. These valid association rules are subsequently employed in the random forest (RF) algorithm for training, establishing a reliable and accurate prediction model. Finally, the method is validated using metro accident data from a city in China. The research results indicate that the ordered constraint Apriori-RF method enhances the effectiveness of association rule mining by 74.9% and exhibits higher computational efficiency. The predicted values of the ordered constraint Apriori-RF method have small errors. Compared to traditional RF algorithms, the root mean square error (RMSE) is reduced by 14%, and the weighted root mean square error (WRMSE) is reduced by 36%, demonstrating the higher accuracy of the ordered constraint Apriori-RF method and its clear advantages. The research findings provide a precise and effective method for quantitatively predicting the hazard degree levels of metro operation accidents, holding significant theoretical and practical value in ensuring metro operation safety and implementing accident mitigation and prevention measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 245-260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chongwei Huang , Shanshan Wang , Hairui Meng , Dandan Guo , Yu Sun
{"title":"Strength assessment of airport pavement based on Dempster-Shafer evidence and gray relation","authors":"Chongwei Huang , Shanshan Wang , Hairui Meng , Dandan Guo , Yu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtst.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study focused on the influence of various engineering factors on the strength of rigid airport pavement. Based on different test schemes, we established indoor and outdoor tests, compared the strength test results, and quantitatively analyzed the impacts of mechanical damage, maintenance conditions, and construction technology on the splitting strength of rigid airport pavement. We further fitted the correction coefficients of the splitting strength of core samples with different height-diameter ratios. Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory and gray correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation between the influencing factors and the pavement splitting tensile strength. The importance of the factors affecting the rigid airport pavement strength was then determined. The results showed that the loss rates of pavement splitting tensile strength caused by differences in construction technology, curing conditions, and mechanical damage were 6.90%, 4.43%, and 2.11%, respectively. The correlation between each influencing factor and pavement tensile strength was good. The degree of influence decreased in the following order: construction technology > curing conditions > mechanical damage. These findings can help the reasonable allocation of resources on construction sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}