SpoolPub Date : 2023-12-24DOI: 10.47982/spool.2023.1.00
L. Schrijver, Frank Van der Hoeven
{"title":"Design and Method in Architectural Research","authors":"L. Schrijver, Frank Van der Hoeven","doi":"10.47982/spool.2023.1.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2023.1.00","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of SPOOL introduces a new thread: ‘Method and Design’, titled “Design and Method in Architectural Research: From Objective Quantification to Material Speculation”. The issue explores the conventional understanding of method through both theoretical contributions and visual essays. The theoretical contributions discuss methodology, material practice, studio approaches, or design principles. The visual essays are more experimental, allowing for design proposals or artistic expressions that explore specific methods, depict scenarios, or articulate a material logic.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":"2015 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2023-12-24DOI: 10.47982/spool.2023.1.04
Manuela Triggianese
{"title":"Design of Co-creation in Rotterdam Central Station (1996-2007)","authors":"Manuela Triggianese","doi":"10.47982/spool.2023.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2023.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the pivotal role of design as a decision-making tool within multi-stakeholder collaborations, focusing on the early phases of the Rotterdam Central Railway Station and its surroundings project. Spanning from 1996, when it gained National Key Project status, to 2007, when construction commenced, this period precedes the preliminary design, during which the design process becomes the primary method of collaboration among multiple stakeholders, including designers and clients involved in the station area’s development. After introducing the post-war reconstruction of the station area and the ‘Platform Zero’ experiment, this article defines three key stages of design in the initial phase, each of which left a distinct mark on the station project. These stages are: - From 1996 to 2001: Design for political communication. - From 2002 to 2004: Parallel design. - From 2004 to 2007: Design co-creation and integration. To provide a comprehensive view of the design’s development, this article includes insights from conversations with architects and planners engaged in the process. In a dynamic exchange between various stakeholders and designers, the evolution of Rotterdam Central Station’s design reveals how political decisions have been informed by thorough design studies, offering a platform for robust discourse on critical issues.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":"299 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.06
Lisa Mackenzie Lisa Mackenzie
{"title":"The significance of time in the design of a public landscape","authors":"Lisa Mackenzie Lisa Mackenzie","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper revisits a built project to reveal a hidden and experimental ambition for a public space through drawing in time. \u0000Behind the project’s initial inception lay the designer’s motivation to challenge, open and expand the consideration of time in the way in which public landscapes are invented, configured and received. As such, the project sought to attend both to the way in which time manifests as a design consideration through drawing and to the way in which time could be conceptually and experientially sustained in the afterlife of the completed work. \u0000In the inevitable ebbs and flows of productivity and decision taking that ran through the project, the designer came to realize that the ambitions outlined above stretched beyond their client’s comprehension of what the project could and should be. Instead, an aspiration to design “in time” became subservient to the client and stakeholders’ focus on the material manifestation of the work as a visual object and to the project’s public reception when it was deemed “complete”. For the designer this meant that opportunities to expand design thinking into practices tied to the continuing and relational opportunities of the space remained disappointingly determinate and closed. \u0000By revisiting the existing representations and by making new drawings that were more explorative and unburdened by the conditions of project delivery, new liberty was found, revealing a unique bond between drawing in time and the relational opportunities of the work.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45599406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.04
Lotte Oppenhuis
{"title":"Drawing fixed moments in time","authors":"Lotte Oppenhuis","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"This visual essay discusses drawing time in relation to the author’s graduation project, which is based on the paradigm of a multispecies world. Three design principles are derived from this paradigm: movement, hybrid and landscape as being. These relate to different notions of time and thus on drawing time. Movement means drawing the now. Hybrid is a material structure that shows non-human presence. This materiality implies that decay has to be drawn. The landscape as being is the ongoing landscape without end. In order to draw the three principles leading to the design intervention, fixed moments in time are chosen. In this visual essay 0 years, 20 years, and 30 years are shown. Time is drawn through a repetition of plans, sections and animation stills and through drawing specific human and non-human presence. In this way repetition, growth, decay and changing actors are shown. Drawing decay opened up new design possibilities. By comparing the repetitive animation stills, drawing time became a critical tool that showed idealization within the design. This visual essay shows both the repetition of drawings, as well as the discoveries it leads to.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48157021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.05
Marijne Beenhakker, J. Hugtenburg, Jaap Van der Salm
{"title":"Time Thinking and Drawing in Designing Dynamic River Landscapes","authors":"Marijne Beenhakker, J. Hugtenburg, Jaap Van der Salm","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"This visual essay explores the use of time thinking and drawing in the design process of the Ooijen- Wanssum floodplain widening project. Through a series of project sketches, final drawings and photos of the constructed project, the authors reveal the way in which time drawing has (often implicitly) given direction to the design process. The water calendar is introduced as a design tool that integrates time- dependent river dynamics into the design process and thereby informs spatial design choices that are considered in several design sketches. These design choices include interactions with dynamic processes such as erosion, vegetation dynamics and recreational use of the river landscape.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42091565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.00
Saskia De Wit, I. Bobbink, Noël van Dooren
{"title":"Drawing Time","authors":"Saskia De Wit, I. Bobbink, Noël van Dooren","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.00","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Spool – ‘Drawing Time’ – departs from the observation that the metropolitan landscape is subject to time, in many ways. The metropolitan landscape, as it has been studied in Spool over the years, is conceived as the interrelation between urban, infrastructural, rural and natural formations: a dynamic, intertwined and layered urban-landscape structure. The urban condition is viewed from the perspective of the landscape as a permanent underlying substructure and as physical open space with its own spatial, compositional and perceptual characteristics. Time aspects of the metropolitan landscape can be found in processes of growth and decay, seasonal manifestations, disruptive forces of wind and water and also in the ways in which humans inhabit and use space or in which urban development processes take place. Designing for the metropolitan landscape means dealing with a wide range of dynamic phenomena, unstable systems and variable conditions. It implies the exploration of future situations, bridging time spans from seasons to decades and design tasks from small-scale interventions to large-scale strategies. It connects landscape operations that build upon the garden, the park and the forest to complex, layered design strategies for transformation, migration and climate change. This Spool issue discusses the importance of time in such design processes, and its reciprocal relation to representation.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48213085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.02
Luis Maldonado Luis Maldonado
{"title":"Time Drawing as a Key Practice for Beginners in Landscape Architecture","authors":"Luis Maldonado Luis Maldonado","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The subject matter of the Landscape Expression course for students starting the master’s degree in landscape architecture at the Polytechnic University of Catalonia in Barcelona is the dynamic representation of landscape. Its objective is to introduce new students to changing and temporal aspects of the problem of its graphic representation. \u0000In our case, few of the students have previous landscape architecture training. Most of them come from disciplines dealing with spatial development or space, such as architecture or engineering. Others come from fields of knowledge related to biology or the environment and are not used to design and the need to graphically communicate that it implies. The course confronts students with the contradiction between landscape – diverse and dynamic – and our flat and static representations.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49407384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.3.07
Anne Margrethe Wagner Anne Margrethe Wagner
{"title":"‘The Future is just around the Corner…’ – The construction of urban narratives through temporary supergraphics","authors":"Anne Margrethe Wagner Anne Margrethe Wagner","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Drawings play various roles in (and in-between) the processes of design, construction and the continuous use and appropriation of space. This article explores large drawing elements positioned at building sites. It discusses how decision makers, developers, planners and design professionals actively use such representational means to create site and project narratives for the site preparation and construction phase. Two projects and sites are presented here in order to illustrate and explore the role of large on-site supergraphics during site transformation. The main aim is to explore how they configure specific conceptions of time. The first is Ōtautahi: An Origin Story, a large comic strip mounted on the hoardings of the building site for a new convention centre in Christchurch, New Zealand, as part of the city’s post-earthquake rebuild. The second case is a ground mural in the Danish town of Køge featuring a map in a section of a temporary urban space called The Space of Time that is part of the town’s harbour transformation. The analysis engages with theoretical perspectives on visual culture, drawing and space – in particular urban comics, cartography, mapping, site thinking and transformation. It sheds light on an emerging phenomenon in contemporary urban culture – one characterized by hybrid authorships, ambiguous aesthetics and time-space constellations.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44304396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.2.00
Daniel Zwangsleitner, Elettra Carnelli, Benedikt Boucsein
{"title":"Deep Adaptation - The Spatial Dimension","authors":"Daniel Zwangsleitner, Elettra Carnelli, Benedikt Boucsein","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.2.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.2.00","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of SPOOL seeks to explore the spatial dimension of the Deep Adaptation concept and how it can be put to use in the spatial disciplines such as urban planning, landscape planning, urban design, and architecture. \u0000The contributions showcase the various ways this issue’s topic can be profitably applied to the spatial disciplines. They also show how open to interpretation the concept of Deep Adaptation still is. It is up to future contributions to sharpen the concept’s application to the organization and design of the built environment. Yet, we are hopeful that this issue is a first step, and that in the future the concept of Deep Adaptation will be further explored and operationalized in the spatial disciplines.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46063630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SpoolPub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.47982/spool.2022.2.02
Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez
{"title":"Deep Adaptive Reuse","authors":"Ana Jayone Yarza Pérez","doi":"10.47982/spool.2022.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47982/spool.2022.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The world is undergoing dramatic change in its social and physical environments, resulting in cultural confrontation and conflict. Rapid urban growth, displacement, and gentrification increase urban pressure while jeopardising social cohesion, multicultural values, and local economies. In addition, environmental factors associated with climate change challenge how our cities respond and adapt, prompting the need for urban centre regeneration to confront the urban century challenges (Sassen, 2011). However, adaptation to these changes is also a source of conflict, as urban policies lack citizen engagement in the redefinition of public space, resulting in more disagreement and inefficient use of resources. \u0000One way to respond to this ongoing crisis is adaptive reuse, repurposing an underused system for a new use. This process can enhance positive environmental impacts, encourage social and participatory processes, and promote economic dynamism through culture. However, the success of such an intervention will depend on the underlying approach. \u0000The paper aims to explore how Jem Bendell’s ambitious four-pronged Deep Adaptation strategy (Bendell, 2018) combined with the cultural resilience approach can result in adaptive reuse processes that act as development catalysers and peace-building mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":52253,"journal":{"name":"Spool","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45649938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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