{"title":"Tribological performance of microstructured surfaces with different wettability from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic","authors":"Zhihui Zhang, Zhenquan Cui, Hujun Wang, Chaorui Jiang, Jie Zhao, Luquan Ren","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The anti-friction function of superwetting surfaces with superhydrophobicity has been demonstrated. However, the influence regularity of wettability to tribological performance, and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. Here, two kinds of microstructured surfaces with different wettability are fabricated on the substrate of steel by controlling surface chemical compositions. The water contact angles on these surfaces range from 0° to 151°. The ball-plate tribological tests are performed under water lubrication. The results show that the tribological performance is closely related to surface wettability. The friction coefficient increases with the increase of contact angles when the surfaces are hydrophilic rather than superhydrophilic. In contrast, the friction coefficient on the hydrophobic surfaces decreases with the increase of contact angles. Furthermore, the best anti-friction capability is obtained on the superhydrophobic surfaces, and the anti-friction mechanism is elucidated. The lowest friction coefficient was 0.12 under the load of 10 N. This work provides strong evidence of an association between tribological property and wettability, which may inspire the fabrication and application of special wetting surfaces in friction control.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42645535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of a chitosan edible-coating enriched with Citrus limon peel extracts and Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extracts on the shelf-life of bananas","authors":"Samarpan Deb Majumder, Soumya Sarathi Ganguly","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0002","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In recent years, the need for the capability of decelerating the ripening process has increased significantly, especially in countries such as India where the post-harvest loss is ∼630 billion dollars annually. The ripening process primarily starts with transpiration and respiration through microscopic pores present on the fruit. Accordingly, edible coatings can act as barriers, reducing the acceleration of these biochemical processes and enhance the shelf-life of the fruit. For this study, 2% chitosan enriched with peel extracts from <i>Citrus limon</i> and leaf extracts from <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> were used as an edible coating and the quality of bananas was evaluated over time. The ripening process was found to be delayed for a significant amount of time. The study also revealed increased anti-oxidant activity based on absorbance changes of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, which correlated with the phytochemical content of the fruit.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic testing of volleyball players' body posture using a formetric 3D device","authors":"Jianhua Ying, Feng Ren, Gusztáv Fekete","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0008","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Volleyball activities involve several factors such as asymmetrical movements, muscle imbalance, and continual overloading that damage body posture. This study aimed to determine postural changes of volleyball players in spike overhand front set, overhand pass ball, and mat ball motions, and if there is any postural variation difference between short training and long training volleyball players. Methods: Fifteen long training and short training male volleyball players aged 21–23 years were recruited in this study. The upper-thoracic angle, thoracic-lumbar segment angle, lower lumbar-sacral segment, pelvic inclination, and inclination of the acromion were measured using DIERS formetric 3D device in a dynamic way. During the overhand pass motion, long training participants showed a significant larger peak upper-thoracic and peak thoracic-lumbar angles than short training participants. During the mat ball motion, the long training volleyball players demonstrated a significant higher peak upper-thoracic angle, but a smaller peak inclination of the acromion than short trainers. During the spike overhand front set motion, long trainers showed a significant smaller peak upper-thoracic angle than short trainers. Athletes should consider developing an appropriate dynamic trunk stabilization to reduce posture imbalance during volleyball activities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47564250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Fu, Hongling Qin, Xiang Xu, Xiaolong Zhang, Zhiguang Guo
{"title":"Tribological performance of ionic liquid-lubricated carbon brush/collector ring current-carrying friction system","authors":"Yang Fu, Hongling Qin, Xiang Xu, Xiaolong Zhang, Zhiguang Guo","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0010","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The lubricity and anti-wear ability of ionic liquids (ILs) were studied by a current-carrying friction test on IL-lubricated carbon brushes. The results indicated that the conductivity and wear resistance of different ILs are different, and may vary for different carbon brushes. The E468e carbon brush was found to be more sensitive to IL lubrication than D172 carbon brush. Importantly, an analysis of the wear surfaces of the D172 and E468e carbon brushes revealed that, due to the different materials of the two carbon brushes and the composition of the IL, the lubrication effect on the carbon brushes was different. The viscosity of the IL will affect its wettability on the carbon brush surface. The better the wettability, the easier the movement of ions on the surface, which makes it easier to form a conductive physical adsorption film. Therefore, in practice, a better IL must be selected by considering the wettability of IL and carbon brushes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49052611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erosion protection of low‐concentration fluoride on human tooth enamel: results from surface morphology and nanomechanical and anti‐wear properties","authors":"L. Zheng, M. Shi","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Dental erosion results in excessive tooth wear. The contribution of low-concentration fluoride used daily in the prevention and treatment of erosion has not been fully understood. In this study, the effects of fluoride (225 ppm F−) on the surface morphology and nano-mechanical and anti-wear properties of human tooth enamel were investigated to explore whether low-concentration NaF solution could help protect tooth enamel from erosion. In total, 40 enamel samples were divided into 5 groups, viz. group O: original surface with no treatment, group F: fluoride treatment (NaF, 225 ppm F−, pH 6.3), group E: erosion treatment (0.001 M citric acid, pH 3.2, 3 min), group EF: erosion treatment and then fluorination and group FE: fluoride treatment and then erosion. The mechanical and anti-wear properties of enamel samples were examined using a nano-indentation/scratch technique. Both surface morphology and scratch morphology of enamel samples were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that, from the perspectives of surface morphology and anti-wear properties, fluorination with low-concentration fluoride (225 ppm F−) before erosion has a certain potential for protection against dental erosion. Fluoride treatment after erosion has no obvious impact on the remineralisation of eroded enamel.","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44716335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of remineralisation on the mechanical properties and tribological behaviour of human tooth dentine","authors":"Xiaoyu Guo, Lei Lei, Heng Xiao, Jing Zheng","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0013","url":null,"abstract":"With ageing and pathological factors, dentine exposure becomes more and more commonplace in the clinic. The mechanical properties of dentine are far less than those of enamel. Once exposed, dentine exhibits a weak wear-resistance and then results in many oral diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to study effective measures to improve the wear-resistance of dentine. In this study, the effect of remineralisation on the mechanical properties and tribological behaviour of human dentine was studied in vitro using nano-indentation/scratch technique. Remineralisation treatment was conducted by immersing dentine specimens in casein phosphopeptides–amorphous calcium phosphate–asparagine-serine-serine solution for 7 days after 24 h pre-treatment in polydopamine solution. Results show that after the remineralisation treatment, dentine surface is covered with a layer of dense hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals with high crystallinity and preferential orientation, and dentinal tubules are occluded. Surface hardness and elastic modulus of dentine increase by 35 and 78%, respectively, and the wear volume decreases by 86%. The crystals that occlude the dentine tubules do not fall off on the worn surface. In sum, remineralisation enhances the mechanical properties and anti-wear performance of dentine surface by forming a hard covering consisting of dense HA crystals, which is a potential measure to prevent excessive tooth wear by dentine exposure.","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44580237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Injectable hydrogels for anti‐tumour treatment: a review","authors":"Huang He, Chaoming Xie, Xiong Lu","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Injectable hydrogels have become the material of choice for the treatment of solid tumours based on their advantages in loading anti-tumour materials. This study reviews the main scientific research achievements on anti-tumour injectable hydrogels in recent years. The gel-forming mechanism of anti-tumour injectable hydrogels was listed, and the advantages and difficulties of each gel-forming mechanism were summarised. In addition, several current anti-tumour methods based on injectable hydrogels were discussed, including chemotherapy, hyperthermia-based therapy, catalytic therapy and immune therapy, as well as the integration of diagnosis and treatment to monitor the progress of cancer treatment. The anti-tumour mechanism and the advantages and disadvantages of various tumour treatments were analysed. Finally, the future development trend of injectable hydrogels for anti-tumour therapy was discussed.","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48570733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of articular cartilage‐inspired branched polyelectrolyte polymer for enhanced lubrication","authors":"Yixin Wang, L. Wan, Yulong Sun, Hongyu Zhang","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2020.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/bsbt.2020.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The superlubrication property of articular cartilage is attributed to the hydration lubrication mechanism. This involves the complexation of biomacromolecules with phosphatidylcholine lipids to form a lubricating boundary layer on the surface. Based on this mechanism, a branched polyelectrolyte polymer – PEI-PMPC was synthesised in this study to enhance lubrication via tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated grafting polymerisation of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) onto polyethyleneimine (PEI) with various molecular weights. Following the characterisation of the polymer using nuclear magnetic resonance, a series of tribological tests were performed under different normal loads and different scan rates. The results showed that the PEI-PMPC polyelectrolyte polymer in aqueous solution could effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear generation between the polyethylene ball and the silica wafer. Additionally, an improvement in the lubrication performance was detected for the PEI-PMPC polyelectrolyte polymer when high molecular weight PEI was used during the reaction, which was attributed to the formation of the hydration shells surrounding the zwitterionic charges of PMPC and the viscosity of the polymer. In conclusion, the PEI-PMPC polyelectrolyte polymer developed herein was characterised by enhanced lubrication, and may be potentially used for biomedical applications such as intra-articular injection to restore joint lubrication.","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42443746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moorthy Vijai Meyyappan, Varadarajan Parthasarathy, Rathnasami Joseph Daniel
{"title":"Bio-interface behaviour of graphene and semiconducting SWCNT:C60 blend based nano photodiode for subretinal implant","authors":"Moorthy Vijai Meyyappan, Varadarajan Parthasarathy, Rathnasami Joseph Daniel","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2019.0045","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2019.0045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Hybrid interfaces between living cells and organic conjugated polymers play a pivotal role in bioelectronics medicine. Currently, conjugated polymers are widely utilised for optical stimulation of living cells and other bio-interface applications such as neural probes, cellular scaffolds and biosensors for drug release. In such a work, the authors fabricated and characterised the Nano Photodiode array device for the subretinal implant. However, the authors did not discuss in their report about the biocompatibility of this new device. In this work, the authors manifest that the quintessential graphene electrode and polymer blend of semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotube and C<sub>60</sub> fullerene (S-SWCNT:C<sub>60</sub>) sustains its optoelectronic properties all through the various strides for neural preparation. Further, the studies show that these materials can provide a favourable environment for cell proliferation and a high degree of biocompatibility. PC-12 cells used as a valuable model to validate the biocompatibility were grown successfully onto the S-SWCNT:C<sub>60</sub> active layer still preserving its optical and electrical properties. The improved electrical performance of nano photodiode made of graphene, S-SWCNT:C<sub>60</sub> established in the previous studies and the excellent bio-interface performance of this nano photodiode shows that the nano photodiode array proposed by the authors is a strong candidate for subretinal implants.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/bsbt.2019.0045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43898604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diet reduces the effect of exogenous grit on tooth microwear","authors":"Licheng Hua, Jianbin Chen, Peter S. Ungar","doi":"10.1049/bsbt.2019.0041","DOIUrl":"10.1049/bsbt.2019.0041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Exogenous grit adherent to the surface of food items and food fracture properties have each been considered important factors contributing to pattern and degree of tooth wear in mammals. However, the interactions between these two factors in generating distinctive microwear textures have remained understudied. Here the authors revisit in-vitro results from simulated chewing to explore how adherent grit and physical properties of foods act together to create dental microwear textures on occlusal enamel surfaces. Results suggest that the effect of exogenous grit on microwear texture is dependent on the material properties foods to which they adhere. Grit in the absence of food causes more complex microwear surface textures than foods covered with similar levels and types of grit (for a given number of chews and angle of approach between opposing teeth). Different foods covered in grit also yield different complexity values. Grit-laden, pliant meat, for example, results in a less complex texture than does resistant, grit-laden raw carrot. This work implied that tooth wear assessment can benefit from considering grit load and food material properties together.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":52235,"journal":{"name":"Biosurface and Biotribology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/bsbt.2019.0041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46202782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}