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Spatial Dynamic Effects in the Colombian Health System 哥伦比亚卫生系统的空间动态效应
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A07
Leonardo Rodriguez-Pineda, Andres Felipe Sanchez Saldarriaga, Helena María Cancelado Carretero
{"title":"Spatial Dynamic Effects in the Colombian Health System","authors":"Leonardo Rodriguez-Pineda, Andres Felipe Sanchez Saldarriaga, Helena María Cancelado Carretero","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A07","url":null,"abstract":"We seek to understand if spatial dynamics affect the population in social, economic and health terms. To carry out this study, we propose the following two stages. In the first stage we try to understand the causes of high infant mortality in rural areas in comparison to the urban areas based on literature and the changes made to the Colombian health model. The second stage is a spatial econometric analysis of the variables of interest, where the CEDE database of the Universidad de los Andes is utilized. The findings of this study confirm the importance of the inclusion of spatial effects, which is a sign that the health dynamics of populations are interrelated. This spatial interdependence corroborates the suggestion from literature where proposing policies coordinate the system and consider local and neighboring populations. Also, municipal administrations require the need to consider mechanisms of interlocution whilst working with their peers and allow these factors to be included in the planning of political measures taken that affect health conditions. Finally, we confirm differences between the rural and urban performance.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45740149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Argentina’s Currency Crisis of 2018 论2018年阿根廷货币危机
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A08
Ramon Castillo-Ponce, K. Lai
{"title":"On Argentina’s Currency Crisis of 2018","authors":"Ramon Castillo-Ponce, K. Lai","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A08","url":null,"abstract":"In this note, we discuss the Argentinian crisis initiated in 2018. We identify the roots and contributing factors and provide comments on what may develop going forward.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"223-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A08","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45553908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Sobre los determinantes de la sostenibilidad fiscal de los municipios en Colombia. El caso de Antioquia, 2008-2017. 哥伦比亚市政当局财政可持续性的决定因素。安蒂奥基亚案，2008-2017年。
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A06
Jorge Barrientos Marín, J. F. Quintero, M. Mendoza
{"title":"Sobre los determinantes de la sostenibilidad fiscal de los municipios en Colombia. El caso de Antioquia, 2008-2017.","authors":"Jorge Barrientos Marín, J. F. Quintero, M. Mendoza","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A06","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo estamos interesados en establecer los determinantes de la sostenibilidad fiscal, entre ellas si las reglas de gasto, la denominada Ley 617 de 2000 coadyuvo a la promocion de la sostenibilidad de las finanzas publicas en los 125 municipios del departamento de Antioquia (Colombia) en el periodo 2008-2017. Para esto explotamos las heterogeneidades observables entre los 125 municipios de Antioquia en el periodo 2008-2017, debido a la endogeneidad de variables como deuda y el numero de empresas usamos un estimador Hausman y Taylor. Nuestros resultados indican que la ley es efectiva en el aumento del ingreso tributario y el gasto de inversion, pero no es efectiva en cuanto disminuir el gasto en funcionamiento; otras variables de caracteristicas de municipio como el numero de empresas y el endeudamiento preexistente son explicativas y predictores del comportamiento de los ingresos tributarios, el gasto en funcionamiento y el gasto de inversion.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"173-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47971166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
El contexto de la trampa: análisis experimental de los determinantes de la honestidad en Buriticá 陷阱的背景:burictica中诚实决定因素的实验分析
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A01
A. Eslava, Estefanía García Luna
{"title":"El contexto de la trampa: análisis experimental de los determinantes de la honestidad en Buriticá","authors":"A. Eslava, Estefanía García Luna","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A01","url":null,"abstract":"La trampa es una accion recurrente en el comportamiento de los individuos y produce altos costos en la sociedad. Esto ha motivado su estudio reciente dentro de la economia y otras ciencias sociales, con el fin de encontrar los factores que inciden en ella y asi tratar de mitigar sus efectos. Con este objetivo, la presente investigacion estudia la disposicion a la trampa en el municipio de Buritica (Antioquia, Colombia) a traves de un experimento economico que confirma la presencia de acciones deshonestas en las decisiones de los participantes; ademas, se hace un analisis de los determinantes de la misma a traves de un probit ordenado. El estudio revela que existe una relacion entre las decisiones de los individuos y el contexto en el que se desenvuelven, por lo que factores como la percepcion de riqueza, la confianza institucional y la victimizacion son determinantes. Esta investigacion contribuye asi a los estudios previos sobre la toma de decisiones economicas, los cuales contradicen el modelo clasico de la maximizacion de beneficios.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"9-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43751470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Dinámicas e integración de los mercados financieros de los países del TLCAN 北美自由贸易协定国家金融市场的动态和一体化
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A03
Javier Emmanuel Anguiano Pita, Antonio Ruíz Porras
{"title":"Dinámicas e integración de los mercados financieros de los países del TLCAN","authors":"Javier Emmanuel Anguiano Pita, Antonio Ruíz Porras","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A03","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este articulo es estudiar las dinamicas del proceso de integracion de los mercados de valores gubernamentales, interbancarios, cambiarios y bursatiles de las economias del TLCAN. Para tal proposito, se emplea el modelo generalizado de factores comunes propuesto por Forni, Hallin, Lippi y Reichlin (2005) y series representativas de los rendimientos de los mercados analizados para el periodo comprendido entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 2017. Los principales resultados sugieren que: 1) existen asimetrias en el tamano de los mercados, 2) hay evidencia de cambios estructurales, 3) existen factores comunes entre los mercados financieros, 4) los mercados tienen niveles de integracion diferenciados, y 5) los mercados cambiarios y bursatiles son los mas sensibles a los componentes comunes. Estos hallazgos pueden ser utiles para analizar la evolucion del TLCAN y para proponer politicas economicas y financieras regionales.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"67-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41786336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Poniendo a prueba la teoría de la reproducción del capital cultural en Colombia. Caso de las artes escénicas, conciertos y cine 测试哥伦比亚文化资本再生产理论。表演艺术、音乐会和电影活动
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2020-01-24 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A04
Nora Elena Espinal Monsalve, Andrey David Ramos Ramírez, Luz Yadira Gómez Hernández
{"title":"Poniendo a prueba la teoría de la reproducción del capital cultural en Colombia. Caso de las artes escénicas, conciertos y cine","authors":"Nora Elena Espinal Monsalve, Andrey David Ramos Ramírez, Luz Yadira Gómez Hernández","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N92A04","url":null,"abstract":"Tomando como referencia el enfoque teorico de la reproduccion social y la transferencia intergeneracional de capital cultural de Bourdieu, en este articulo se evalua el efecto causal de la participacion cultural de los jefes de hogar sobre la participacion cultural de los jovenes en teatro, danza u opera, conciertos y cine en Colombia. Utilizando los datos de la Encuesta de Consumo Cultural del 2014, se aplican tres metodologias: tratamientos endogenos, propensity score matching e inverse probability weighting. Los resultados aportan evidencia sobre la hipotesis de la transferencia intergeneracional del capital cultural, en la medida en que se observa que los jovenes que conviven en hogares con jefes de hogar que participan en las actividades analizadas, tienen mayores probabilidades de participar en esas mismas actividades. Concretamente, se encontro que cuando el jefe de hogar asiste a eventos de las artes escenicas, la probabilidad de que los jovenes en ese hogar tambien asistan crece entre 34,92% y 40,90%; en el caso de los conciertos el efecto es de entre 24,56% y 25,81%, mientras que para el cine varia entre 47,57% y 48,96%. Estos hallazgos pueden ser un insumo para disenar y orientar politicas que permitan seguir acortando las brechas de participacion cultural en el pais. Este es el primer estudio en probar la magnitud de esta teoria y verificarla empiricamente en America Latina.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46717464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
El gasto fiscal de la guerra contra los portadores de drogas ilícitas: una aproximación para Colombia 打击非法药物携带者战争的财政支出：哥伦比亚的近似值
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2019-07-17 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A03
Isabel Gutiérrez, S. Tobón
{"title":"El gasto fiscal de la guerra contra los portadores de drogas ilícitas: una aproximación para Colombia","authors":"Isabel Gutiérrez, S. Tobón","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A03","url":null,"abstract":"Around the world, governments spend enormous amounts of public funds in controlling possession, manufacturing and trafficking of illicit drugs. These costs are usually difficult to observe, as they correspond to the opportunity cost of many bureaucrats involved in the process. In this paper, we estimate the expected cost per arrest for possession, manufacturing or trafficking of illicit drugs for the case of Colombia. We find that the expected cost of an arrest is roughly COP$11 million, hence the expected total cost associated with the 984,106 arrests carried out between 2001 and 2015 adds up to COP$10.6 billion. Also, we analyse whether these expenditures are justified by the control of international drug trafficking, crime associated with drug dealing in local markets or drug abuse deterrence. We conclude that none of these reasons justify such fiscal expenditures; rather, these seem to be explained by an issue of incentive compatibility in Colombian authorities.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44237651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Diversificación productiva y cambio estructural en economías cerradas y abiertas 封闭和开放经济体的生产多样化和结构变化
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2019-07-17 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A01
C. H. Ortíz, Diana Marcela Jiménez, María Liliam Jaramillo
{"title":"Diversificación productiva y cambio estructural en economías cerradas y abiertas","authors":"C. H. Ortíz, Diana Marcela Jiménez, María Liliam Jaramillo","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A01","url":null,"abstract":"Productive diversification has been the main determinant of structural change of the economies. This hypothesis is analysed for nine countries under a relatively closed trade regime, and for nine Latin American countries under a relatively open trade regime with the United States. The equations of structural change that are tested are derived from a multisector dynamic general equilibrium model. The negative impact of productive diversification on the relative allocation of resources to the primary sector cannot be rejected for closed economies: greater diversification increases the relative productivity of manufacturing activities. The impact of a country’s comparative advantages on the allocation of resources to agriculture cannot be rejected: the relative agricultural productivity has a positive impact; the relative capital endowment has a negative impact; and the real exchange rate has a positive impact. In the last case, it is argued that low diversification induces a deterioration in the terms of trade, which favours specialization in primary activities.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42445492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Transmisión de los precios del arroz en Colombia y el mundo 哥伦比亚和世界大米价格的传播
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2019-07-17 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A05
Ricardo Troncoso-Sepúlveda
{"title":"Transmisión de los precios del arroz en Colombia y el mundo","authors":"Ricardo Troncoso-Sepúlveda","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the spatial price transmission of rice in Colombia, emphasizing the impact of trade policies. For this purpose, a Markov-switching vector error correction model was used to model regime shifts in the relationship between domestic and international rice prices in Colombia and some control countries, from January 1996 to September 2018. The results reveal three price transmission regimes that coincide with internal trade policies and with the food crisis of 2007-2008. The high volatility regime was the most persistent, with an average duration of 15.4 months, a transition probability of 93 % and an adjustment speed of 0.24. In addition, during this regime, Colombia was less integrated into the international rice market. These results are relevant, since they constitute the application of a threshold methodology to the analysis of the transmission of agricultural prices and can be useful for the design of agrarian policies that contribute to the integration and competitiveness of the Colombian rice sector.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45121376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Evaluación del Servicio Público de Empleo: sus efectos en la inserción laboral formal en el Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia 公共就业服务评估：对哥伦比亚巴兰基亚大都会区正式就业的影响
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2019-07-17 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A07
Kenkin Morales-González, William Manjarrés de Ávila, Sadan de la Cruz Almanza
{"title":"Evaluación del Servicio Público de Empleo: sus efectos en la inserción laboral formal en el Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia","authors":"Kenkin Morales-González, William Manjarrés de Ávila, Sadan de la Cruz Almanza","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N91A07","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to measure the effect of the Employment Public Service (SPE) on the probability of accessing formal employment in the metropolitan area of Barranquilla, Colombia. To achieve this objective, two sources of information are combined: the data on people who registered with the SPE in Barranquilla, and a survey of 400 people registered with the same service. With these data, an estimate of the average effect of the SPE is obtained through propensity score matching. The results show that participating in the services offered by the SPE increases the probability of getting formal employment by around 12 %. This study is of special importance for the design of public policies, as it identifies the effects of state intervention in employability in one of the most important cities in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46433966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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