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Cobertura al riesgo ante la variabilidad hidrológica en una central hidráulica a filo de agua usando derivados climáticos 利用气候衍生品对水电站水文变化的风险覆盖
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-07-21 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A07
J. Hernandez, Fernando Carvajal-Serna
{"title":"Cobertura al riesgo ante la variabilidad hidrológica en una central hidráulica a filo de agua usando derivados climáticos","authors":"J. Hernandez, Fernando Carvajal-Serna","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A07","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia tiene un sistema de generacion electrica con una participacion del 68 % de componente hidraulico y del 32 % de componente termico, lo cual hace que el sistema sea vulnerable al riesgo hidrologico. Este articulo presenta la metodologia de construccion de un indice usando la teoria de derivados climaticos como estrategia para cubrirse del riesgo hidrologico en una central hidraulica a filo de agua. El indice, denominado caudal para generacion, se construye teniendo en cuenta dos casos de variable subyacente: el caudal y la precipitacion. En ambos casos se demuestra que el indice es una alternativa para la disminucion de la volatilidad de los ingresos por venta de energia: en el caso del caudal la disminucion es del 92 % y en el de la precipitacion es del 38 %, comprobandose asi su efectividad como cobertura frente al riesgo hidrologico.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"191-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41835434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Un análisis smithiano del crecimiento económico colombiano: avances metodológicos 斯密蒂安对哥伦比亚经济增长的分析：方法论进展
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A02
C. H. Ortíz, Diana Marcela Jiménez
{"title":"Un análisis smithiano del crecimiento económico colombiano: avances metodológicos","authors":"C. H. Ortíz, Diana Marcela Jiménez","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N87A02","url":null,"abstract":"Economic theory posits that economic growth is enhanced by factor accumulation, public good provision, and respect for property rights. Without disregarding this consensus, this paper rescues the Smithian hypothesis that diversification of production and the expansion of the population purchasing power are also integrated and fundamental engines of economic growth. In fact, the available data do not allow rejecting the hypotheses that the combined accumulation of physical and human capital, the diversification of technology-intensive productive activities, and the expansion of the urban population purchasing power are the main sources of economic growth in Colombia. The analysis also allows identifying three important plummets of domestic economic development: the insufficient development of transport infrastructure, high levels of violence, and the inadequacy, inefficiency and/or scarcity of governmental and financial services.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"35-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45473244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Las transferencias procesadas por ACH Colombia: un análisis desde la perspectiva de topología de redes ACH哥伦比亚处理的传输：从网络拓扑的角度分析
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N88A04
F. Ortega, C. León
{"title":"Las transferencias procesadas por ACH Colombia: un análisis desde la perspectiva de topología de redes","authors":"F. Ortega, C. León","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N88A04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N88A04","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Este documento tiene como objetivo construir, visualizar y examinar la estructura de las redes de transferencias procesadas por ACH Colombia, la infraestructura financiera que compensa y liquida la mayor cantidad y valor de las transferencias electronicas al por menor ordenadas por personas naturales y juridicas en Colombia. La evidencia indica que las redes de transferencias procesadas por ACH Colombia son atipicas frente a aquellas comunmente documentadas en la literatura sobre redes financieras: son densas, homogeneas en la distribucion de las conexiones y con altos niveles de reciprocidad y transitividad. La funcion de las instituciones financieras como procesadoras de ordenes de pago determina esta tipologia; sin embargo, existe una distribucion heterogenea de los valores de las transferencias, la cual se relaciona con el tamano por activos y por numero de clientes de las instituciones financieras participantes. Los resultados son utiles para entender de mejor manera el funcionamiento de las ACH y de otros sistemas de pago de bajo valor. Abstract: The aim of this article is to build, visualize and examine the network structure of transfers processed by ACH Colombia, the financial infrastructure that clears and settles most of the value and number of retail electronic transfers ordered by individuals and firms in Colombia. There is evidence to suggest that ACH Colombia’s networks of transfers differ from those usually documented in the financial network literature: they are dense, homogeneous in the distribution of linkages, and highly reciprocal and transitive. The role of financial institutions as processors of payment orders determines this topology; yet, the distribution of the values transferred is heterogeneous, which relates to the size of financial institutions as measured by their asset value or their number of clients. Results are useful for better understanding the functioning of ACH and other retail payment systems.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"109-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46008982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Causalidad de Granger entre composición de las exportaciones, crecimiento económico y producción de energía eléctrica: evidencia empírica para Latinoamérica 出口构成、经济增长和电力生产之间的格兰杰因果关系:拉丁美洲的经验证据
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A02
Javier Alejandro Vera Vargas, W. Rodríguez
{"title":"Causalidad de Granger entre composición de las exportaciones, crecimiento económico y producción de energía eléctrica: evidencia empírica para Latinoamérica","authors":"Javier Alejandro Vera Vargas, W. Rodríguez","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A02","url":null,"abstract":"El presente trabajo examina la relacion causal de corto y largo plazo entre el crecimiento economico, la composicion de las exportaciones y la produccion de energia electrica, utilizando el enfoque de cointegracion de datos de panel para 14 paises latinoamericanos entre los anos 1971 y 2010. El analisis considera en primera instancia las exportaciones de forma agregada para luego desagregar en 12 sectores industriales y, finalmente, segun el uso intensivo de tecnologia. Los resultados indican que el crecimiento economico de largo plazo de la region depende de las exportaciones no tecnologicas; asimismo, las politicas que afectan negativamente la produccion de energia electrica no impactan el PIB en el corto plazo, pero si en el largo plazo.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43008819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A solution for multicollinearity in stochastic frontier production function models 随机前沿生产函数模型的多重共线性解
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A01
Elkin Castaño, S. Gallón
{"title":"A solution for multicollinearity in stochastic frontier production function models","authors":"Elkin Castaño, S. Gallón","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the problem of collinearity among inputs in a stochastic frontier production model, an issue that has received little attention in the econometric literature. To address this problem, a principal-component-based solution is proposed, which allows carrying out a joint interpretation of technical efficiency and the technology parameters of the model. Applications of the method to simulated and real data show its usability and effective performance.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"9-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47578398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Sostenibilidad del consumo doméstico de materiales de construcción en Colombia, 1990-2013 1990-2013年哥伦比亚国内建筑材料消费的可持续性
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A05
J. Ocampo, Yris Olaya Morales
{"title":"Sostenibilidad del consumo doméstico de materiales de construcción en Colombia, 1990-2013","authors":"J. Ocampo, Yris Olaya Morales","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A05","url":null,"abstract":"Con el fin de evaluar la sostenibilidad del consumo de materiales de construccion en Colombia, en este articulo se analizan los patrones de consumo de dichos materiales entre los anos 1990 y 2013. Los indicadores de sostenibilidad evaluados son el consumo domestico, el consumo domestico per capita y la intensidad de consumo. Se encuentra que el consumo domestico de materiales de construccion aumentodesde 1998 hasta alcanzar una participacion en el consumo domestico de materiales relativamente inferior a la de la biomasa. Los resultados indican que la relacion consumo domestico de materiales de construccion/PIB disminuyo durante el periodo de analisis, y que la aplicacion de nuevas tecnicas de construccion explica en parte los cambios en la intensidad del consumo de estos materiales.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"127-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42094819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Estimación de la demanda de agua para uso residencial urbano usando un modelo discreto-continuo y datos desagregados a nivel de hogar: el caso de la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia 使用离散-连续模型和家庭一级的分类数据估计城市住宅用水需求：以哥伦比亚马尼萨雷斯市为例
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A06
Darío F. Jiménez, S. Orrego, Felipe Vásquez, Roberto Ponce
{"title":"Estimación de la demanda de agua para uso residencial urbano usando un modelo discreto-continuo y datos desagregados a nivel de hogar: el caso de la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia","authors":"Darío F. Jiménez, S. Orrego, Felipe Vásquez, Roberto Ponce","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A06","url":null,"abstract":"The water demand for urban residential use is estimated for the city of Manizales, Colombia, using a structural model that includes both the discrete choice associated with the consumption block and the continuous choice related to the monthly amount of water consumed. The water demand is econometrically estimated using a unique database for a developing country, which contains data on monthly consumption of water, household size, housing characteristics, weather variables, the marginal price of the respective consumption block and the virtual income for 490 households during the period 1997-2013. The results suggest that the estimated structural model is consistent with utility maximization and seems to be the most appropriate empirical approach to estimate econometrically the water demand for urban residential use. Water demand is inelastic, information that is relevant for policy making and the regulation of water resources in urban areas of Colombia.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"153-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46088328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Comparación de pronósticos para la dinámica del turismo en Medellín, Colombia 哥伦比亚medellin的旅游动态预测比较
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A08
M. Cárdenas, J. López, J. Morales, J. A. Morales
{"title":"Comparación de pronósticos para la dinámica del turismo en Medellín, Colombia","authors":"M. Cárdenas, J. López, J. Morales, J. A. Morales","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N86A08","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: El turismo es un tema de interes para muchos paises, pero en Colombia ha sido poco explorado. Conocer sobre periodos con mayor afluencia de turistas es importante para predecir la cobertura en servicios turisticos. En este trabajo se compara la estimacion entre modelos de regresion clasica y bayesianos para elegir la mejor alternativa de prediccion de la cantidad de turistas que arribarian a la ciudad de Medellin. Se busca tambien determinar las variables que mas inciden sobre la llegada de turistas y los modelos que permiten ajustar mejor sus dinamicas. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se observa mejor desempeno de los modelos bayesianos versus los clasicos. Ademas, la variable mes es significativa para explicar las demandas por parte de turistas colombianos y extranjeros. Los periodos de mayor afluencia de turistas se presentan entre diciembre-enero y junio-julio, comportamiento que se repite anualmente, lo cual es decisivo para la planeacion de recursos hoteleros","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"199-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48419520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Diplomas y desajuste educativo en Cali a partir de avisos clasificados 来自分类广告的卡利文凭和教育不匹配
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.17533/udea.le.n86a07
J. Mora, Andrés Cendales, C. Caicedo
{"title":"Diplomas y desajuste educativo en Cali a partir de avisos clasificados","authors":"J. Mora, Andrés Cendales, C. Caicedo","doi":"10.17533/udea.le.n86a07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n86a07","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: Este articulo analiza el desajuste educativo en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, a partir de la evolucion de los requerimientos de diplomas reportados en los avisos clasificados publicados en El Pais, principal periodico de la ciudad. Para ello, se construye una serie de tiempo diferenciando entre aquellos avisos clasificados que exigen el diploma para acceder a un empleo y aquellos que no. Las pruebas muestran que esta serie tiene una raiz unitaria, por lo que se realiza una descomposicion que permite estimar su componente permanente y transitorio. Nuestros resultados indican que el mercado laboral caleno es bastante credencialista, ya que se exige de forma regular el diploma para acceder a un puesto de trabajo. Esta situacion incide sobre el emparejamiento en el mercado laboral y ahonda los desajustes educativos debido a que las empresas prefieren las credenciales de los trabajadores calenos","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"179-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67599459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing Educational Unfair Inequalities at a Regional Level in Colombia 评估哥伦比亚地区一级的教育不公平不平等
Lecturas de Economia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.17533/UDEA.LE.N83A04
Luis F. Gamboa, Erika Londoño
{"title":"Assessing Educational Unfair Inequalities at a Regional Level in Colombia","authors":"Luis F. Gamboa, Erika Londoño","doi":"10.17533/UDEA.LE.N83A04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N83A04","url":null,"abstract":"This document aims to provide evidence regarding the existence of different patterns in equality of opportunities in academic achievement during the last fifteen years in Colombia. The outcomes selected for measuring inequality are the scores obtained on the national test Saber 11 in math as well as reading. It is found that inequality has increased during this period, and that this trend is common for all the metropolitan areas included in the analysis. Most of the increase found comes from factors related to the school market. It is found that inequality of opportunities is higher than 20% in almost all the studied areas.","PeriodicalId":52205,"journal":{"name":"Lecturas de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":"97-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17533/UDEA.LE.N83A04","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67598937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
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