{"title":"Leflunomide in addition to steroids improves proteinuria and renal function in adult Henoch-Schoenlein nephritis with nephrotic proteinuria.","authors":"Yingjuan Zhang, Yun Gao, Zhengxiu Zhang, Gaolun Liu, Hongbing He, Ling Liu","doi":"10.1111/nep.12175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Henoch-Schoenlein nephritis (HSPN) is a severe disease in adults and may cause renal insufficiency in a large portion of patients. But its rarity has led to lack of data. There are few controlled studies on therapy with immunosuppressants in HSPN adults. This study aims to evaluate the effect of leflunomide on HSPN adults with nephrotic proteinuria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 65 adult patients who had biopsy-proven HSPN with nephrotic proteinuria. Twenty-seven patients (Group P) only received steroids, and 38 (Group P + L) were treated with leflunomide in addition to steroids. The clinical features, laboratory data and pathological findings of both groups were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two groups were well-matched at baseline. After 24 months of treatment, urinary protein excretion of both groups decreased significantly from the baseline, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was higher in Group P + L. Four patients in Group P and three in Group P + L developed to end-stage renal disease at the most recent follow-up. Group P + L showed better renal outcome than Group P. The treatment group and the degree of mesangial hypercellularity were significantly related to renal prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Leflunomide combined with steroids is effective for treating adult HSPN with nephrotic proteinuria.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"94-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40277646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wu-Xing Zhang, Zhi-Min Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Yang Wang, Wei Zhou
{"title":"Andrographolide induced acute kidney injury: analysis of 26 cases reported in Chinese Literature.","authors":"Wu-Xing Zhang, Zhi-Min Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Yang Wang, Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1111/nep.12172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Some Chinese herbs have been known for their kidney toxicity. Andrographolide, the primary component of a traditional medicinal herb, Andrographis paniculata, is widely used in China for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infection, and dysentery etc. The aim of the study was to identify and summarize any case of kidney injury attributed to its use in the Chinese literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systemic analysis of the Chinese literature from January 1978 to August 2013 was conducted of case reports of andrographolide induced acute kidney injury (AKI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 26 cases of andrographolide induced AKI (22 males and four females), with an average age of 31.3 years (range: 21 months to 47 years). 100-750 mg (58% 500 mg) of andrographolide was administered in 100-500 mL 5% glucose solution or normal saline by intravenous drip once a day. The adverse event appeared after one to six doses (19 [73.1%] patients got only one dose; cumulative dose 690 ± 670 mg) of andrographolide was given, or 0-96 h (median 1 h) after andrographolide was given. The symptoms included flank pain in 23 cases (88.5%), decreased urine volume in five cases (19.2%), and nausea or vomiting in six cases (23.1%). Laboratory tests showed maximum creatinine 352.8 ± 184.1 (158-889) μmol/L and blood urea nitrogen 12.1 ± 7.6 (4.0-40.6) mmol/L. Urine analysis showed proteinuria in 10 (38.5%) cases and occult blood in eight (30.8%) cases. Kidney biopsy was carried out in two cases and both revealed acute tubular necrosis. Management of this adverse event included withdrawal of the culprit drug, conservative therapy, and renal replacement therapy (six cases, 23.1%). All the patients recovered and were discharged with a normal or close to normal serum creatinine. Their average length of hospital stay was 12.1 ± 4.8 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acute kidney injury may occur shortly after intravenous infusion of andrographolide, with symptoms including flank pain, decreased urine output, and nausea or vomiting. The pathological change might be acute tubular necrosis. Renal replacement therapy may be needed in some patients and with a good recovery rate. The mechanisms of andrographolide induced AKI need to be further studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"21-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40256328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Progenitor programming in mammalian nephrogenesis.","authors":"Lori L O'Brien, Andrew P McMahon","doi":"10.1111/nep.12027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nephrogenesis is dependent on the input of several transcriptional regulatory networks. However, the details of how these networks operate and converge to facilitate nephron progenitor specific programmes are largely unknown. To this end, recent studies have focused on identifying the precise regulatory mechanisms that modulate progenitor maintenance and induction. Continued focus on this area of research will help identify nephrogenic programmes which could be manipulated for therapeutic intervention of kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"177-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40201844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Jane Black, Megan R Sutherland, Lina Gubhaju, Alison L Kent, Jane E Dahlstrom, Lynette Moore
{"title":"When birth comes early: effects on nephrogenesis.","authors":"Mary Jane Black, Megan R Sutherland, Lina Gubhaju, Alison L Kent, Jane E Dahlstrom, Lynette Moore","doi":"10.1111/nep.12028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preterm birth (birth prior to 37 completed weeks of gestation) may occur at a time when the infant kidney is very immature and nephrogenesis is often ongoing. In autopsied preterm human kidneys and in a baboon model of preterm birth it has been shown that nephrogenesis continues after preterm birth, with a significant increase in the number of glomerular generations and number of nephrons formed within the kidney after birth. Of concern, however, morphologically abnormal glomeruli (with a cystic Bowman's space) are often observed; the abnormal glomeruli are only located in the outer renal cortex, suggesting that it is the recently formed glomeruli (perhaps those formed in the extra-uterine environment) that are affected. The proportion of abnormal glomeruli within the renal cortex differs between infants with some kidneys appearing normal whereas others are severely affected. This suggests that it may be haemodynamic factors and/or factors in the neonatal care of the infant that lead to the glomerular abnormalities. Indeed, the haemodynamic transition at birth where there is a marked increase in systemic blood pressure and renal blood flow are likely to lead to injury of glomerular capillaries, although further studies are required to elucidate this. In order to optimize renal health at the beginning of life in the preterm infant, it is imperative in future studies to gain an understanding of the causes of the glomerular abnormalities in the preterm neonate.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"180-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40203774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Melioidosis and the kidney.","authors":"Zulfikar Jabbar, Bart J Currie","doi":"10.1111/nep.12024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melioidosis, caused by the saprophytic soil and freshwater Gram-negative aerobic bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei, is classically characterized by pneumonia, sometimes with multiple organ abscesses, usually in patients with defined risk factors and with a mortality rate of up to 40%. It is a major cause of community-acquired sepsis in Southeast Asia and tropical northern Australia with an expanding global geographical distribution. It is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic infectious disease of importance to physicians, who may need to suspect it in at-risk patients that may come from or visit endemic areas, and could be fatal if treated late or inappropriately. Mortality could be prevented by early institution of specific antimicrobial therapy. Epidemiology, clinical features, overall management, and aspects of melioidosis particularly relevant to kidney disease and immunosuppression are discussed in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"169-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40203769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obesity and its relation to chronic kidney disease: a population-based, cross-sectional study of a Thai army population and relatives.","authors":"Bancha Satirapoj, Ouppatham Supasyndh, Natee Mayteedol, Dollapas Punpanich, Amnart Chaiprasert, Naowanit Nata, Prajej Ruangkanchanasetr, Inseey Kanjanakul, Panbubpa Choovichian","doi":"10.1111/nep.12023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Obesity represents a significant problem in patients with cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and CKD in Thai individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants underwent general health screening. Overweight, weight at risk, obese I and obese II were defined as having a BMI ≥23 kg/m(2), 23-24.9 kg/m(2) , 25-29.9 kg/m(2) and ≥30 kg/m(2), respectively. Waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and > 80 cm for women were represented by abdominal obesity. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2). An estimate of the GFR was obtained by the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population had 12 348 males and 3009 females. The survey population had a 7.5% prevalence of CKD. There was also a significant graded relationship between the degrees of overweight with the prevalence of CKD. Mean BMI were 25.36 ± 3.29 kg/m(2) for CKD subjects and 24.04 ± 3.13 kg/m(2) for non-CKD subjects (P < 0.001). Prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity in the participants with CKD were found to be higher than in those without CKD (overweight, 77.6% vs. 61.6%, P < 0.001; abdominal obesity, 35.7% vs. 25.3%, P < 0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, weight at risk (adjusted odds ratio 1.29; 95% CI 1.07-1.54), obese I (adjusted odds ratio 1.58; 95% CI 1.33-1.87) and obese II (adjusted odds ratio 1.65; 95% CI 1.24-2.19) were associated with CKD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data showed that overweight and obesity were associated with CKD in Thai members of the army population and their relatives undergoing a general health screening, independently of age, gender, blood pressure, serum lipid, uric acid and glucose levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"229-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/nep.12023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40201838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kunying Zhang, Jie Dong, Xuyang Cheng, Wenying Bai, Weiya Guo, Leiyun Wu, Li Zuo
{"title":"Association between vitamin C deficiency and dialysis modalities.","authors":"Kunying Zhang, Jie Dong, Xuyang Cheng, Wenying Bai, Weiya Guo, Leiyun Wu, Li Zuo","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01595.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01595.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong> We designed a cross-sectional study to investigate plasma vitamin C level in patients who underwent maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) to explore whether there is a difference in vitamin C deficiency between MHD patients and CAPD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> This investigation included 382 dialysis patients without vitamin C supplement before the study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory tests, ascorbic acid and total plasma vitamin C level were measured. A linear regression model was built to explore the association between vitamin C deficiency and dialysis modalities after adjusting for age, dialysis vintage, gender, Charlson index, modality of dialysis and hsCRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The range of plasma vitamin C level was from 0.48 µg/mL to 31.16 µg/mL. 35.9% (n = 137) patients had severe vitamin C deficiency (<2 µg/mL). Plasma vitamin C level was inversely associated with age and dialysis vintage. After age and dialysis vintage were adjusted, vitamin C deficiency was associated with MHD. R square for model fitting was relatively low, which implied that there were other vitamin C influencing factors not included in the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong> Vitamin C deficiency is common in dialysis patients, especially in patients treated with MHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"452-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01595.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40153153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shai Efrati, Sylvia Berman, Ramzia Abu Hamad, Yariv Siman-Tov, Michael Chanimov, Joshua Weissgarten
{"title":"Hyperglycaemia emerging during general anaesthesia induces rat acute kidney injury via impaired microcirculation, augmented apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation.","authors":"Shai Efrati, Sylvia Berman, Ramzia Abu Hamad, Yariv Siman-Tov, Michael Chanimov, Joshua Weissgarten","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01538.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01538.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Major surgery under general anaesthesia frequently triggers acute kidney injury by yet unknown mechanisms. We investigated the role of anaesthesia-triggered systemic hyperglycaemia in impairment of renal functioning, renal tissue injury, intra-renal Angiotensin-II synthesis and endogenous insulin production in anaesthetized rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats underwent general anaesthesia for 1 h by different anaesthetic compounds. Some of the animals were either injected with high glucose, or received insulin prior to anaesthesia. Blood pressure, renal functioning estimated by cystatin-C and urea, renal perfusion evaluated by laser Doppler technique, blood glucose and insulin were surveyed. Subsequently, rat kidneys were excised, to be used for immunohistochemical examinations or preparation of renal extracts for intra-renal Angiotensin-II measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated blood sugar was observed 5 min following induction of anaesthesia, concurrently with deterioration of renal functioning, drop of systemic blood pressure and decreased renal blood flow. Blood insulin concentrations positively correlated with glucose levels. Intra-renal Angiotensin-II was significantly augmented. Immunohistochemical examinations demonstrated enhanced staining for pro-apoptotic proteins and negligible cell proliferation in tubular tissues. Renal damage resultant from anaesthesia-induced hyperglycaemia could be attenuated by insulin injections. Rats challenged with glucose prior to anaesthesia demonstrated cumulative hyperglycaemia, further increase in insulin secretion, drop of renal blood flow and increased apoptosis. The effects were specific, since they could not be mimicked by replacing glucose with mannose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anaesthesia-induced hyperglycaemia affects intra-renal auto-regulation via decreased renal perfusion, thus triggering renal function deterioration and tubular injury. Increased intra-renal Angiotensin-II aggravates the damage. Tight hypoglycaemic control might prevent or, at least, attenuate anaesthesia-induced renal injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"111-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01538.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40138670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linda Berney-Meyer, Tracey Putt, John Schollum, Robert Walker
{"title":"Nephrotoxicity of recreational party drugs.","authors":"Linda Berney-Meyer, Tracey Putt, John Schollum, Robert Walker","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01537.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01537.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N-benzylpiperazine (BZP) is the active ingredient in recreational 'party' pills with a stimulant, euphoric mechanism of action akin to that of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy). Many people (ab)use BZP-based party pills usually without any significant toxic effects. However, nephrotoxicity secondary to hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis has been reported. Another serious renal-related side-effect is hyponatraemia with acute cerebral oedema. There is also evidence that these agents may have a specific toxic effect producing acute kidney injury. Thus, acute kidney injury either direct or secondary to the effects of BZP or MDMA need to be considered when any individual presents with symptoms of a recreational party drug overdose.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01537.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40137020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Tian Ting, P Toby Coates, Robert J Walker, Alexander D McLellan
{"title":"Urinary tubular biomarkers as potential early predictors of renal allograft rejection.","authors":"Yi-Tian Ting, P Toby Coates, Robert J Walker, Alexander D McLellan","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01536.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01536.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Confirmation of kidney transplant rejection still requires a histological diagnosis on renal allograft biopsy. Research continues for new non-invasive means for early diagnosis and treatment of kidney allograft rejection. Examination of the urine in renal transplant recipients provides a logical and readily accessible non-invasive window on allograft function, reflecting the function of the kidney in its transplanted environment. Renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) respond dynamically to the surrounding microenvironment and play an important role in allograft survival. Proteins released from TEC into the urine potentially serve as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of graft dysfunction and rejection. Activated proximal TEC express human leucocyte antigens and co-stimulatory molecules, transiently transforming into non-professional antigen-presenting cells that augment renal allograft rejection. Chemokines and chemoattractants expressed on proximal tubules may also facilitate the migration of alloreactive lymphocytes to local site of injury and stimulate cytokine release from infiltrating lymphocytes. Proximal TEC are also potential targets for circulating alloreactive antibodies and complement leading to cell damage. Changes in cell state during development, regeneration or immune response require a rapid modulation of both surface protein expression and secretion, altering the repertoire of proteins secreted or expressed at the TEC plasma membrane. Due to the proximity of TEC to the tubular lumen, these proteins are passed into the urine. In this regard, TEC possess a unique anatomic location within the transplanted organ and are therefore ideal indicators of graft function. Hence, measurement of the changes of TEC-derived molecules in the urine, in response to different challenges or modification, may predict graft outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":520716,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)","volume":" ","pages":"11-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01536.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40126815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}