Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Smoking in Dietary and Potassium Balance Among Hemodialysis Patients.","authors":"Syed Danial Kamal, Amir Reza Akbari, Benyamin Alam","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Effects of Ketoanalogue Supplements on Patients Receiving Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Tingfei He","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor: 'The Role of Smoking in Dietary and Potassium Balance Among Hemodialysis Patients'.","authors":"Manon de Geus, Wesley Visser, Anneke van Egmond-de Mik, Manouk Dam, Evelien de Cuyper, Marian de van der Schueren, Michael Tieland, Peter Weijs, Hinke Kruizenga, Karin Ipema","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author's Response: Effects of Ketoanalogue Supplements on Patients Receiving Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Sixiu Chen, Wei Chen, Xueqing Yu","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperphosphatemia in Patients on Hemodialysis May be Driven by the Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods.","authors":"Andrea C Sczip, Jyana G Morais, Adaiane Calegari, Tatiana S Kruger, Jorgiane C Oliveira, Natália K Scatone, Rafaela G Dos Santos, Fellype C Barreto, Fabiana B Nerbass","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the role of dietary diversity of unprocessed and minimally processed foods and the intake of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), along with their respective phosphorus source subgroups, in hyperphosphatemia among patients on chronic hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in seven dialysis units in Southern Brazil. Two validated questionnaires were used: a dietary diversity questionnaire to assess the intake of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, and a UPFs consumption questionnaire to evaluate the intake of UPFs. Dietary intake was assessed on 2 separate days-1 dialysis day and 1 nondialysis day. From these instruments, scores were calculated for overall dietary diversity, total UPFs consumption, and phosphorus sources subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 297 patients participated (age: 52.1 ± 14.1 years; 57.9% men; 42% with hyperphosphatemia). While unprocessed and minimally processed phosphorus sources were more commonly consumed, multivariate analysis revealed that UPFs, particularly those from animal-based sources, were independently associated with hyperphosphatemia. Each one-point increase in intake of UPFs scores corresponded to an increased likelihood of hyperphosphatemia: 25% for total UPF, 76% for animal-based UPFs, and 24% for other UPF sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that although phosphorus sources from UPFs were consumed less frequently than those from unprocessed and minimally processed foods, consumption of UPFs-especially those from animal-based sources-was an independent determinant of hyperphosphatemia. These results highlight the need for dietary interventions that prioritize healthy food choices in the management of hyperphosphatemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Maternal Plasma Retinol and Provitamin A Carotenoids With Fetal and Infant Kidney Development: A Comprehensive Analysis.","authors":"Anum Akbar, Rebecca Drakowski, Matthew VanOrmer, Rebekah Rapoza, Taija Hahka, Colman Freel, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Melissa Thoene, Corrine Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Teri Mauch","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Vitamin A (retinol) is essential for fetal organ development, with preclinical studies associating maternal vitamin A deficiency (VAD) with reduced nephron numbers, smaller kidneys, and higher chronic kidney disease risk later in life. However, similar findings in humans are limited, and no studies in Nebraska have examined maternal VAD's effect on fetal and infant kidney development, despite 10% of mothers being deficient at delivery. Additionally, the impact of provitamin A compounds (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin) on kidney size remains unexplored. This study addresses these gaps by analyzing maternal plasma retinol and provitamin A carotenoids' relationship with fetal and infant kidney sizes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;An institutional review board-approved prospective cohort study enrolled 120 pregnant women in Nebraska prior to their anatomy scans (18-20 weeks of gestation). The high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry evaluated the retinol and provitamin A carotenoid concentrations at 24-28 weeks of gestation (n = 79) and at delivery in maternal circulation (n = 79) and umbilical cord (n = 79). Ultrasounds were used to assess fetal kidney length, volume, and parenchymal thickness at 18-20 weeks and infant kidney measurements within 48-72 hours of birth. Spearman's correlation evaluated the relationship between maternal plasma levels and kidney sizes. Linear regression analysis was performed, adjusting for maternal hypertension, diabetes, and smoking status. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to examine kidney size differences across retinol adequate, insufficient, and deficient groups, and a P value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten percent of mothers (n = 8) and 19% of mothers (n = 15) had VAD during 24-28 weeks of gestation and at delivery, respectively. Maternal retinol at 24-28 weeks or at delivery was not associated with fetal or infant kidney size, and fetal kidney size did not differ between maternal retinol groups. However, maternal α- and β-carotene at 24-28 gestational weeks were significantly positively associated with fetal kidney lengths (right (R) kidney length with α-carotene: β = 0.279, P = .022, left (L) kidney length with α-carotene: β = 0.475, P &lt; .001, L kidney length with β-carotene: β = 0.255, P = .029). Cord retinol was not associated with infant kidney size, nor did infant kidney size differ between cord retinol groups. In contrast cord α-carotene was significantly positively associated with infant kidney lengths (R kidney length: β = 0.178, P = .029, L kidney length: β = 0.168, P = .040). Lastly, the change in maternal plasma retinol from gestation to delivery was not associated with the change in fetal kidney size from gestation to birth. On the other hand, the changes in maternal α-carotene and β-carotene were significantly positively associated with changes in fetal kidney lengths","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Parameters Associated With Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury.","authors":"Fabiola Martín-Del-Campo, Rosalba Sotelo-Anaya, Pilar C Castro-Mata, Guillermo García-García, Alejandro Martínez Gallardo-González, Juan A Gómez-Fregoso, Francisco G Rodríguez-García, Victor H Luquin-Arellano, Gabriela Abundis-Mora, Luz Alcantar-Vallin, Ramón Medina-González, Jonathan S Chavez-Iñiguez","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients is linked to high morbidity and mortality. Nutritional status may be a modifiable factor influencing outcomes, but its role in critically ill patients with AKI remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center prospective study, we evaluated hospitalized adults with AKI who underwent baseline nutritional assessments, including dietary intake, anthropometric data, and subjective global assessment. Nutritional data were collected through direct evaluation or clinical records for those receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition. Logistic regression identified variables associated with in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 102 patients were included (mean age 53 ± 17 years; 73% male). Sepsis and hypovolemia were the leading causes of AKI; 50% had stage 3 AKI and 40% required renal replacement therapy. The in-hospital mortality rate was 36%. At AKI diagnosis, 26% were fasting; 53% received oral nutrition, 14% enteral nutrition, and 7% parenteral nutrition. Median protein and energy intakes were 0.45 (0.2-0.7) g/kg and 13 (7-23) kcal/kg, respectively. Mortality was significantly higher among fasting patients (P = .004). No significant differences in energy or protein intake were found between survivors and nonsurvivors. Logistic regression showed that fasting at AKI diagnosis increased the risk of death (odds ratio = 3.53, P = .03; AUC = 0.67). Additionally, 34% had moderate to severe wasting, but this was not associated with increased mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort of AKI patients, nutrient intake was frequently below recommended levels, and one-third was fasting at diagnosis. Fasting was independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, highlighting the need for early nutritional assessment and intervention in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Protein Energy Wasting in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mohammed Kaif K Mulla, Bobbity Deepthi, Madhileti Sravani, Sudarsan Krishnasamy, Sriram Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Limited studies exist on prevalence of Protein energy wasting (PEW) in children with chronic kidney disease. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of PEW in children aged 2-18 years with CKD stage 2-5D, compare various diagnostic criteria and describe clinical characteristics of children with PEW.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study (September 2023 to February 2024) conducted at the pediatric nephrology services of a tertiary-care center investigated children aged 2-18 years diagnosed with CKD stages 2-5D for PEW. Demographic, clinical, biochemical details and growth parameters were recorded at enrollment. The study employed three 3 PEW definitions: minimal, standard, and modified. Descriptive statistics were performed using STATA 14.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study enrolled 150 children (79.4% boys) in CKD 2-5D with a median (interquartile range) age of 10.6 (7,13.1) years. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract were the most common etiology in 104 (69.4%) children. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate at enrollment was 23.2 (12.7, 40) mL/min/1.73 m². Seventy (46.7%) children satisfied minimal PEW definition, 20 (13.3%) children met standard PEW definition, and 40 (27.3%) satisfied pediatric tailored modified PEW definition. There was an increasing prevalence of modified PEW with advancing CKD stage (P =.04). Among individual parameters contributing to diagnosis of PEW, reduced muscle mass was a consistent finding, while serum albumin, short stature, and reduced body mass varied with CKD severity (P < .05). Children with modified PEW were more likely to be severely wasted and/or severely underweight. Infection-related hospitalization rate was significantly higher in children with PEW (P = .008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of PEW ranged from 13.3% to 46.7% depending on the definition used. Importantly, the prevalence increased with advancing stages of CKD. Age-appropriate criteria, like anthropometry, are crucial and highlight the need for tailored nutritional assessment in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Low-grade Inflammation on Body Composition in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.","authors":"Andrew Davenport","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Kidney dialysis patients are at an increased risk of sarcopenia and mortality. Although there are many potential causes, the effect of chronic inflammation on changes in body composition in peritoneal dialysis (PD) over time was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Changes in body composition were measured by multifrequency bioimpedance in PD outpatients attending routine clinic review with sustained normal or raised C reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, excluding patients with peritonitis, and other acute hospitalizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body composition was measured; median 12 (11-14) months apart in 427 PD outpatients (59.5% male, 37.2% diabetic), median dialysis vintage 12 months, 215 sustained normal CRP, and (≤5 mg/L) versus 212 sustained raised CRP (9 [6-19] mg/L). Body composition did not differ initially, but over time whereas there were no changes in fat mass, fat-free mass index remained stable in the normal CRP group (17.8 ± 2.3 vs 17.9 ± 2.4) but decreased in the raised CRP group (18.0 ± 2.6 vs 14.4 ± 2.6, P < .05), and over time serum albumin was lower in the raised CRP group (36.8 ± 4.7 vs 38.8 ± 4.0, P < .001). Estimated dietary protein intake declined over time in both groups but remained lower in the raised CRP group (0.83 ± 0.32 vs 0.87 ± 0.21 g/kg/day, P < .05). In a multivariable model, loss of lean body tissue was associated with persistently raised CRP (odds ratio 2.6, 95% confidence intervals 1.58-4.2, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sustained low-grade inflammation leads to a loss of lean body tissue in PD outpatients. Studies are required to determine whether treating the causes of, and reducing, low-grade inflammation results in prevention of lean tissue loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Low-Salt Diets Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Spouses: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yinhui Li, Baoling Liu, Liqian Dong, Heng Sang, Ni Kang","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their spouses toward low-salt diets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with CKD and their spouses at the outpatient nephrology clinic of our hospital between September 2023 and February 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study enrolled 443 patients and 499 spouses of patients. The mean KAP scores for patients were 13.64 ± 3.1, 35.19 ± 5.98, and 29.44 ± 7.58, respectively. Spouses of patients had mean scores of 14.39 ± 3.22, 31.66 ± 4.70, and 30.56 ± 6.52, respectively. Path analysis demonstrated that among patients, education, duration of CKD, and income had direct effects on knowledge. Knowledge, gender, marital status, duration of CKD, and residence had direct effects on attitude. Knowledge, attitude, education, CKD stage, employment, and type of medical insurance had direct effects on practice. For the spouses, duration of CKD had direct effect on knowledge; knowledge, residence, and education had direct effects on attitude; knowledge, attitude, residence, education, employment, CKD stage, and dialysis had direct effects on practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both patients with CKD and their spouses demonstrated sufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice toward low-salt diets. Clinicians should emphasize education and support programs targeting patients and their spouses to reinforce positive attitude and encourage sustained adherence to low-salt diets, particularly focusing on socioeconomic factors influencing KAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":520689,"journal":{"name":"Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}