Hormones (Athens, Greece)最新文献

{"title":"Fatty liver and diabetes are related to benign prostate hyperplasia.","authors":"Dongyang Yu, Zhongyang Duan, Yan Xie","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00767-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-026-00767-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although prior studies have suggested an association between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and metabolic abnormalities, many were limited by small sample sizes. The study aimed to identify metabolic risk factors related to BPH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following rigorous screening, 8,566 men aged 40 years or older were enrolled in 2022 in the current research. All participants underwent prostate and liver ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the subjects was 54.20 ± 9.37 years, Among them, 3,595 (41.96%) were diagnosed with BPH and 5519 (64.42%) had fatty liver disease (FLD), while 1,254 (14.63%) had diabetes. Multivariate analysis revealed that four variables, namely, age, prostate special antigen (PSA), FLD, and diabetes were related to BPH. Specifically, each 1-year increase in age was associated with an 8% increase in BPH risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.09). Elevated PSA was associated with a 91% increase in BPH risk (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.79-2.04). The presence of FLD was linked to a 21% increased risk (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), and diabetes was correlated with a 22% increased risk (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advanced age, elevated PSA levels, and the presence of FLD and/or diabetes are associated with an increased risk of BPH.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"439-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels and body weight status among US adults: findings from NHANES 2021-2023.","authors":"Lianhui Chen, Jiani Zhang, Min Wu, Zhenzhong Zeng, Xiaohao Hu, Yongfen Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00761-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-026-00761-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"639-648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between oxidative balance score and sex hormone levels in American males: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kai Tao, Wei Zhang, Weichao Huang, Guofa Lu, Hang Xu, Shi Qiu, Lu Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00787-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-026-00787-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The oxidative balance score (OBS) was developed to reflect the overall exposure of the body to antioxidants and pro-oxidants in the individual's lifestyle and diet. The research aims to explore the relationship between OBS and sex hormones, including total testosterone (TT) and estradiol (E2), as well as indices including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone deficiency (TD), free testosterone, and the ratio of TT to E2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2464 male participants were enrolled in the study during the period 2013 to 2016. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between OBS and sex hormones. Stratified analysis was conducted in participants of different age, body mass index (BMI), poverty income ratio, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and diabetes mellitus (DM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that OBS (β = 2.13, 95% CI: 0.17 ~ 4.09, P = 0.030) and lifestyle OBS (β = 21.09, 95% CI: 9.27 ~ 32.90, P = 0.004) were significantly correlated with TT with full adjustment. We also found noteworthy relationships between lifestyle OBS and SHBG (β = 2.55, 95% CI: 0.77 ~ 4.33, P = 0.010), TD (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58 ~ 1.00, P = 0.045), and ratio of TT to E2 (β = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.71 ~ 1.50, P < 0.001). Stratified analyses by many covariates revealed that the results were basically stable across populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that males who lead an antioxidant-rich lifestyle had increased serum TT levels and were less likely to develop TD. This suggests that antioxidant-rich lifestyle choices may additionally help to prevent disorders related to sex hormone imbalance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"535-547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147978597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic background of obesity: a case-control study.","authors":"Konstantinos Kalesis, Paris Roidοs, Vaios Nikolopoulos, Niki Katsiki, Kalliopi Kotsa, Theoharis Koufakis","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00790-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-026-00790-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constitutes a major global public health concern. Increasing evidence indicates that genetic polymorphisms may modulate the risk of T2DM in individuals with obesity, providing valuable insight into the biological pathways that connect these interrelated disorders. A better understanding of the genetic determinants underlying obesity-associated T2DM could enhance disease characterization and inform risk stratification strategies. The genetic architecture linking obesity and T2DM has, however, not yet been fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this case-control study, we investigated the distribution of the TCF7L2 rs7903146, FTO rs9939609, and PPARG rs1801282 polymorphisms in 257 Greek adults with obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m²), including 136 individuals without T2DM and 121 with T2DM. The primary prespecified analysis applied unadjusted additive logistic regression to estimate per-allele odds ratios (ORs) for T2DM risk, while dominant and recessive inheritance models were evaluated as secondary analyses. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was assessed in the control group using an exact test. In participants without diabetes, genotype distributions were further compared across clinically defined HbA1c categories based on American Diabetes Association thresholds. The study was conducted and reported in accordance with STREGA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotype distributions differed significantly between cases and controls for all three loci. In the additive model, each additional T allele at TCF7L2 rs7903146 was associated with higher odds of T2DM (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.92-3.68; p < 0.001). Similar associations were observed for FTO rs9939609 (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.14-2.03; p = 0.005) and PPARG rs1801282 (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.41-2.77; p < 0.001). No statistically significant association was detected between the examined variants and HbA1c category in the non-diabetic group. In controls, all three loci deviated from HWE, with marked heterozygote deficits for TCF7L2 and FTO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TCF7L2 rs7903146 and FTO rs9939609 were associated with T2DM among individuals with obesity in this cohort, whereas PPARG rs1801282 showed an association in the opposite direction from that reported in much of the prior literature. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because the regression models were unadjusted, while the control-group HWE deviations raise concerns regarding assay or sampling validity. Larger, well-characterized studies with participant-level covariate data and expanded quality-control procedures are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"527-533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148153174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum vitamins and sex hormone levels in adolescent males: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).","authors":"Zhipin Zhang, Lu Liu, Xiang Li, Ye Wu","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00752-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00752-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between serum vitamins and sex hormones has gained considerable research interest; however, studies focusing specifically on adolescent males remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze associations between key serum vitamins and sex hormone levels in adolescent males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001-2004). Weighted generalized linear regression models were employed to examine associations between serum vitamins (D, B12, folate, A, and E) and sex hormones, namely, total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and estradiol (E2). The Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was employed to account for the combined effects of vitamins, nonlinear exposure-outcome relationships, and interactions among vitamins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 231 participants aged 12-18 years were included. In the generalized linear model, vitamin A was positively correlated with TT (β = 0.421; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.829; P = 0.028) and negatively correlated with SHBG (β=-0.372; 95% CI: -0.549, -0.195; P < 0.001); folate was negatively correlated with both TT (β=-0.017; P < 0.001) and E2 (β=-0.012; P < 0.001). In the BKMR model, the combined effects of serum vitamins on TT and E2 showed a non-significant weak negative trend; no clear pattern was observed for SHBG. Folate was identified as the most important factor influencing all three sex hormones. Bivariate exposure-response functions indicated potential interactions of folate with vitamin B12 on TT and with vitamin D on E2; no vitamin interactions were observed for SHBG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Complex effects of vitamins on sex hormones in adolescent males were revealed. The mechanism(s) underlying the regulation and long-term health implications will be explored in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"549-560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of vitamin E in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Raghad Alhajaji, Ahmed A Hassan, Manar Ahmad Al-Harahsheh, Reem Rabie Saber, Marina Amgad Soliman, Amr Mahmoud Alam Eldin, Engy Sherif Sabry, Mena Ayman Elgendy, Ganna Hatem Farouk, Walaa Mokhtar El-Basiony, Heba Hendi Goda, Mohamed Saad Sayed","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00753-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00753-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether tocotrienol-rich vitamin E improves nerve-conduction parameters and symptoms in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA 2020 (PROSPERO CRD420250653145), we searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases up until 20 March 2025, for parallel-group randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of oral vitamin E in adults (≥ 18 years) with electrophysiologically confirmed DPN. Two independent reviewers performed screening, extraction, and the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.0 (RoB 2.0). Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using the mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five RCTs (n = 660) met the criteria. Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E increased sural sensory nerve-conduction velocity (NCV) by 1.77 m s⁻¹ (0.80-2.74) and median sensory NCV by 1.53 m s⁻¹ (0.44-2.63); tibial motor NCV rose 1.47 m s⁻¹ (0.36-2.58) versus placebo. Nerve-action-potential amplitudes and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA₁c) were unchanged (MD - 0.06%, - 0.18-0.06). Adverse-event rates were similar between groups. Two trials had a low risk of bias; one presented some concerns.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Vitamin E yielded selective NCV gains without amplitude change, suggesting preservation or remyelination of sensory fibers rather than axonal regeneration. The absence of glycemic effects indicates neuroprotection independent of glucose control, positioning vitamin E as a potential adjunct-not substitute-to antidiabetic therapy. Heterogeneity in isoform, dose, and treatment duration (≤ 12 months) and modest sample sizes limit certainty. Larger, longer trials incorporating functional outcomes (pain, gait, and quality of life) are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"463-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the obesity paradox in phenotypic age acceleration through thyroid hormone sensitivity: results from NHANES 2007-2010.","authors":"Yiming Wang, Hao Zhu, Chenwen Yuan, Jing Liu, Xiaodong Wang, Yu Duan","doi":"10.1007/s42000-026-00773-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-026-00773-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"515-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the Mediterranean dietary pattern on male and female sexual dysfunctions: an updated review.","authors":"Giuseppe Defeudis, Edoardo Mocini, Rossella Mazzilli, Maria Chiara Massari, Marianna Minnetti, Vukasin Stojanovic, Sanja Medenica, Eleonora Poggiogalle, Antongiulio Faggiano, Lorenzo M Donini, Daniele Gianfrilli, Andrea M Isidori, Silvia Migliaccio","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00756-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00756-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual dysfunctions affect a large percentage of men and women worldwide. Dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet (MeD), may play a role in the protection of sexual dysfunction. The aim of the present narrative review was to investigate the influence of MeD dietary patterns on male and female sexual dysfunctions. We aimed to evaluate potential mechanisms and clinical implications that could prompt further research and dietary recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic database search was performed to identify and retrieve peer-reviewed articles that examined the association of the MeD with sexual function in adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the included studies were heterogeneous in design and outcome measures, most reported a positive association between increased adherence to a MeD pattern and better sexual function for both sexes. Higher adherence in men results in improved erectile performance and reduced frequency of erectile dysfunction. The results pointed to a possible improvement in all domains of overall sexual satisfaction for women who adhere to the MeD. Potential underlying mechanisms include improvements in vascular health, anti-inflammatory actions, and healthier metabolic profiles, which collectively may exert favorable effects on sexual function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary evidence supports a beneficial role of the MeD patterns on sexual health in both genders. While the findings are encouraging, confirmation of causality, together with more detailed practical recommendations, will require larger-scale, longitudinal, and interventional studies with standardized measures. Future work should focus on the identification of specific components of the MeD that promote the benefits described and explore personalized interventions to optimize sexual function.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"593-601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudohypoaldosterism: demystification using network medicine and proposed diagnostic panels.","authors":"Styliani Geronikolou, George P Chrousos","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00746-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00746-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a rare hereditary channelopathy characterized by renal tubular dysfunction that impairs sodium reabsorption and promotes excessive potassium retention. This imbalance often results in life-threatening electrolyte disturbances during infancy, although symptoms tend to improve with age. The disease has distinct genetic forms, most commonly linked to pathogenic variants in genes encoding epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) subunits, the mineralocorticoid receptor gene NR3C2, and the CUL3, WNK1, WNK4, or KLHL3 genes. More recently, cases involving digenic co-expression defects have been reported, suggesting a broader molecular pathogenic basis. The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of PHA and to assess whether additional genetic contributors may participate in disease pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systems medicine approach was applied, combining interaction network construction with enrichment analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high confidence interactome consisting of 53 nodes was generated, with CALM3 and SCN2A identified as central hubs. Enrichment analysis highlighted biological processes and pathways related to membrane depolarization, sodium ion transport, aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, and gene expression in renal tissue. Two diagnostic panels were designed, namely, PHA-X (NGS-based incorporating CNV detection and ACMG/AMP curation) and PHA-4T (disease-specific databases).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings support the conception of PHA as a network-level disorder rather than resulting from isolated mutations, offering new perspectives for diagnosis and therapy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"603-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of attitudes toward weight loss pharmacotherapy among Greek patients living with obesity: a questionnaire-based study.","authors":"Christina Tsatsaki, Georgios Dimakopoulos, Matilda Florentin, Eleni Mangiorou, Haralampos Milionis, George Liamis, Michael Doumas, Kalliopi Kotsa, Fotios Barkas, Theocharis Koufakis","doi":"10.1007/s42000-025-00755-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42000-025-00755-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520640,"journal":{"name":"Hormones (Athens, Greece)","volume":" ","pages":"481-488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}