Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education最新文献

{"title":"Associations of Quantity Smoked and Socioeconomic Status With Smoke-Free Homes and Cars Among Daily Smokers.","authors":"Annie Pelekanakis,&nbsp;Jennifer L O'Loughlin,&nbsp;Katerina Maximova,&nbsp;Annie Montreuil,&nbsp;Jodi Kalubi,&nbsp;Erika N Dugas,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Sylvestre","doi":"10.1177/10901981211010437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211010437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and smoke-free private spaces among smokers could be due to heavier smoking among low SES smokers. We assessed whether quantity smoked or SES are independently associated with smoke-free homes or cars in daily smokers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were drawn from a cross-sectional telephone survey (2011-2012) of 750 daily smokers age ≥18 years in Quebec, Canada (45% response). Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the independent association between (a) number of cigarettes smoked per day, and (b) each of educational attainment, annual household income, or active employment status and smoke-free homes or cars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were 41.0 years old on average, 57% were female. Median (IQR) number of cigarettes smoked per day was 14 (10, 20). Forty-eight percent of participants reported smoke-free homes; 34% reported smoke-free cars. Quantity smoked was strongly associated with both smoke-free homes and cars. Income and education (but not actively employed) were associated with smoke-free homes. None of the SES indicators were associated with smoke-free cars.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions targeting smokers to promote smoke-free homes and cars should incorporate components to help smokers reduce quantity smoked or preferably, to quit. Interventions targeting smoke-free homes will also need to address SES inequalities by education and income. Our data suggest that reduction in quantity smoked may help smokers reduce SHS exposure in cars, but that an inequality lens may not be relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"488-496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10901981211010437","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39012532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Including Medical Footage and Emotional Content in Organ Donation Educational Videos for Latinx Viewers.","authors":"Stephen P Wall,&nbsp;Patricio Castillo,&nbsp;Francine Shuchat Shaw,&nbsp;Elizabeth Norman,&nbsp;Natalia Martinez-Lopez,&nbsp;Mairyn Lopez-Rios,&nbsp;Hehidy Paulino,&nbsp;Bruce Homer,&nbsp;Jan L Plass,&nbsp;Joseph E Ravenell","doi":"10.1177/10901981211022240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211022240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed whether videos with medical footage of organ preservation and transplantation plus sad, unresolved, or uplifting stories differentially affect deceased organ donor registration among clients in Latinx-owned barbershops and beauty salons. In a 2 × 3 randomized controlled trial, participants (<i>N</i> = 1,696, mean age 33 years, 67% female) viewed one of six videos. The control portrayed a mother who received a kidney (uplifting), excluding medical footage. Experimental videos included medical footage and/or showed a mother waiting (unresolved) or sisters mourning their brother's death (sad). Regression models assessed relative impact of medical footage and storylines on: (1) registry enrollment, (2) donation willingness stage of change, and (3) emotions. Randomization yielded approximately equal groups relative to age, sex, education, religion, nativity, baseline organ donation willingness, beliefs, and emotions. Overall, 14.8% of participants registered. Neither medical footage, sad, nor unresolved stories differentially affected registration and changes in organ donation willingness. Sad and unresolved stories increased sadness and decreased positive affect by ~0.1 logits compared with the uplifting story. Educational videos about organ donation which excluded or included medical footage and varying emotional valence of stories induced emotions marginally but did not affect viewers' registration decisions differently. Heterogeneity of responses within video groups might explain the attenuated impact of including medical footage and varying emotional content. In future work, we will report qualitative reasons for participants' registration decisions by analyzing the free text responses from the randomized trial and data from semistructured interviews that were conducted with a subset of participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"424-436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10901981211022240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39177185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acceptability and Effectiveness of Videos Promoting Smoking Cessation Among Australians Experiencing Mental Illness.","authors":"Ratika Sharma-Kumar,&nbsp;Cheneal Puljević,&nbsp;Kylie Morphett,&nbsp;Carla Meurk,&nbsp;Coral Gartner","doi":"10.1177/10901981211034738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211034738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are high rates of tobacco smoking among people who experience mental illness (MI). While videos are an effective method of disseminating health-related information, there is limited research investigating the effectiveness of video-delivered education promoting smoking cessation among people living with MI. This formative study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of targeted video resources providing smoking cessation information and advice to smokers with MI. This study used a mixed-method design; 29 Australian smokers living with MI completed a preinterview survey including 12 questions assessing knowledge about smoking cessation, watched six videos developed by the research team providing information about smoking cessation, took part in semistructured interviews about the videos' quality, content, and format, and then completed a postinterview survey identical to the preinterview survey to assess changes in smoking cessation-related knowledge. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to calculate changes in cessation-related knowledge, and thematic analysis was used to identify common themes in qualitative data. We found a statistically significant increase in participants' smoking cessation-related knowledge scores after watching the videos. Participants indicated an overall high level of acceptability of the videos' quality, content, and format, and findings from the semistructured interviews reflected these favorable views. This study's findings provide a new understanding of the effectiveness and acceptability of customized video-based education to promote smoking cessation among people living with MI, and can be used to inform the content and focus of video resources aimed at increasing knowledge about smoking cessation for people experiencing MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"506-515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39395906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to Increase Sunscreen Use in Adults: A Review of the Literature.","authors":"Nicholas Allen,&nbsp;Diona L Damian","doi":"10.1177/10901981211046534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211046534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin cancers are the most common malignancy in Australia. Regular sunscreen use can reduce the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and actinic keratoses and has been associated with reducing the incidence of basal cell carcinomas and melanomas. However, sunscreen effectiveness is limited by the failure of the population to use it routinely. Interventions that promote the daily application of sunscreen may reduce the morbidity, mortality, and economic burden associated with skin malignancies. We reviewed the literature that examines the effectiveness of interventions to increase routine sunscreen use and found that no one strategy has been shown to be clearly effective in adults and that relatively few studies have aimed to increase routine use in groups at extreme skin cancer risk. Future research should consider how interventions can be best designed and how sunscreen use is measured so that cost-effective, feasible strategies that result in improved sunscreen use in adults can be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"415-423"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39507361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beliefs About the Health Effects of Smoking Among Adults in the United States.","authors":"Sarah D Mills,&nbsp;Christopher A Wiesen","doi":"10.1177/10901981211004136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211004136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of U.S. adults believe that smoking is a cause of lung cancer, but research suggests that the percentage of adults who believe smoking causes other types of cancers and chronic disease is lower. This study examines the correlates of beliefs about several established health effects of smoking in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Data for this study come from Wave 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study conducted from December 2016 to January 2018. Participants responded to questions assessing their beliefs about the health effects of smoking. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between beliefs about the health effects of smoking and sociodemographic characteristics (smoker status, age, sex, education, race/ethnicity), exposure to antitobacco campaigns, smokers' health, and nicotine dependence. The percentage of U.S. adults who endorsed a health effect can be caused from smoking ranged from 56.4% for blindness to 97.4% for lung disease. Respondents who were older, less educated, current or former smokers, and had less exposure to antitobacco campaigns were generally less likely (<i>p</i> < .05) to endorse that an established health effect was caused by smoking. Smokers with lower nicotine dependence and worse health were generally more likely (<i>p</i> < .05) to endorse that an established health effect was caused by smoking. In summary, knowledge about the health effects of smoking varies across health conditions. Public health would benefit from campaigns targeting segments of the population with less knowledge about the health effects of smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"497-505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10901981211004136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38886980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Observation of Alcohol Price and Promotions at Bars: Implications for Alcohol Misuse Prevention.","authors":"Melissa J Cox,&nbsp;Meredith Moskwiak,&nbsp;Beth H Chaney,&nbsp;Madison Garrigues","doi":"10.1177/10901981211054783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211054783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol misuse among young adults remains a primary public health concern given the wide range of short- and long-term physical, social, and societal consequences of the behavior. On-premise drinking establishments, which allow alcohol consumption on site (i.e., bars), are frequent locations for young adult alcohol use. Risks for alcohol misuse within the bar setting are key factors to identify for prevention. Notably, alcohol price and promotions are associated with alcohol consumption among young adults. This study sought to develop and pilot test an observational protocol to assess the alcohol environment at on-premise drinking establishments. Following qualitative exploration of salient risk factors in these settings through focus groups with young adults, an observational tool was adapted and tested in a feasibility study. The refined tool was then pilot tested with two independent data collectors conducting natural observation at 13 establishments in the downtown nightlife district of a small, southeastern city. High interrater reliability was noted. Descriptive summary statistics of bar characteristics demonstrate low alcohol prices with variability across types of alcohol (e.g., beer, wine, and liquor), greater numbers of alcohol promotions inside rather than outside the building, and higher rates of manual versus electronic age verification procedures. Observational assessment of alcohol price and marketing at on-premise drinking establishments as described in this study is needed to inform prevention policy and programs to reduce harms associated with young adult alcohol misuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"256-264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9312207/pdf/nihms-1821512.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39574640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Associations Between Media Use and Adolescent Prosocial Behavior.","authors":"Caroline Fitzpatrick,&nbsp;Elroy Boers","doi":"10.1177/10901981211035702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211035702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth today spend a tremendous amount of time with digital media. The purpose of the present study was to estimate developmental associations between screen media use between the ages of 15 and 17 and corresponding changes in prosocial behavior. Participants (<i>N</i> = 1,509) were part of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based study of children born in the province of Quebec, Canada. Youth self-reported internet and video game use and television or movies/DVD viewing, as well as prosocial behavior at the ages of 15 and 17. Analyses were conducted using multilevel linear modelling to account for between-, within-, and lagged-person effects. Internet and video game use accounted for less prosocial behavior at the within-person and lagged-person levels. Television use also accounted for lagged-person effects in prosocial behavior. Finally, internet use and television viewing contributed to between person differences in prosocial behavior. Our study presents strong statistical evidence that media use during adolescence can undermine the development of prosocial behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"265-271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39507589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Discrimination and Trajectories of Problematic Alcohol Use Among African American Emerging Adults: The Role of Organizational Religious Involvement.","authors":"Danielle R Busby,&nbsp;Meredith O Hope,&nbsp;Daniel B Lee,&nbsp;Justin E Heinze,&nbsp;Marc A Zimmerman","doi":"10.1177/10901981211051650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211051650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Racial discrimination jeopardizes a wide range of health behaviors for African Americans. Numerous studies demonstrate significant negative associations between racial discrimination and problematic alcohol use among African Americans. Culturally specific contexts (e.g., organized religious involvement) often function protectively against racial discrimination's adverse effects for many African Americans. Yet organized religious involvement may affect the degree to which racial discrimination increases problematic alcohol use resulting in various alcohol use trajectories. These links remain understudied in emerging adulthood marked by when individuals transition from adolescence to early adult roles and responsibilities. We use data from 496 African American emerging adults from the Flint Adolescent Study (FAS) to (a) identify multiple and distinct alcohol use trajectories and (b) examine organizational religious involvement's protective role. Three trajectory classes were identified: the <i>high/stable</i>, (20.76% of sample; n = 103); <i>moderate/stable</i>, (39.52% of sample; n = 196); and <i>low/rising</i>, (39.72% of the sample; <i>n</i> = 197). After controlling for sex, educational attainment, and general stress, the interaction between racial discrimination and organized religious involvement did not influence the likelihood of classifying into the <i>moderate/stable</i> class or the <i>low/rising</i> class, compared with the <i>high/stable</i> class. These results suggest organized religious involvement counteracts, but does not buffer racial discrimination's effects on problematic alcohol use. Findings emphasize the critical need for culturally sensitive prevention efforts incorporating organized religious involvement for African American emerging adults exposed to racial discrimination. These prevention efforts may lessen the role of racial discrimination on health disparities related to alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"242-255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to and Facilitators of COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors Among North Carolina Residents.","authors":"Lauren M Hill,&nbsp;Hunter Davis,&nbsp;Maura Drewry,&nbsp;Victoria Shelus,&nbsp;Sophia M Bartels,&nbsp;Katherine Gora Combs,&nbsp;Kurt M Ribisl,&nbsp;Allison J Lazard","doi":"10.1177/10901981221076408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981221076408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death in the United States in 2020. Prior to the wide dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, individual prevention behaviors, such as wearing face masks, have been the primary non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce infections. We surveyed 404 North Carolina residents recruited through Amazon MTurk in July 2020 to assess adherence to key prevention behaviors (6-foot distancing, mask wearing, and gathering limits) and barriers to and facilitators of adherence. Participants reported past 7-day prevention behaviors and behavioral barriers and facilitators informed by the Integrated Behavior Model and the Health Belief Model (perceived risk, perceived severity, behavioral attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, and personal agency). Reported adherence to each behavior in the past 7 days was generally high, with lower adherence to 6-foot distancing and mask wearing in the work context. The most commonly endorsed barriers to 6-foot distancing included physical impediments, forgetting, and unfavorable descriptive norms. For mask wearing, ability to keep a distance, discomfort/inconvenience, and forgetting were most commonly endorsed. In logistic regression models, injunctive social norms followed by perceived personal agency were the strongest independent correlates of 6-foot distancing. Behavioral attitudes and injunctive social norms were independently associated with mask wearing. For gathering size limit adherence, perceived personal agency was the strongest independent predictor followed by perceived severity of COVID-19. Messaging campaigns targeting these barriers and facilitators should be tested. Interventions improving the convenience and salience of physical distancing and mask wearing in high-density public places and places of work may also promote prevention behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"231-241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9008556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39941259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Urologic Conditions Portrayed on <i>Grey's Anatomy</i>.","authors":"Hanson Zhao,&nbsp;Jennifer T Anger","doi":"10.1177/1090198121990390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198121990390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the common prevalence of urologic diseases, studies have demonstrated that the general public often has little knowledge or insight into the field of urology or the role of an urologist. In this study, we investigated the context, frequency, and accuracy of urologic conditions on the television series <i>Grey's Anatomy</i>. We reviewed episodes from the first 15 seasons. Episodes with urologic references were then screened and the urologic conditions, outcomes, and treatments were recorded. We identified a total of only 21 urologic events across 15 seasons and 342 episodes of <i>Grey's Anatomy</i>. A total of 52% (11/21) of the conditions were related to external male genitalia. The portrayal of these conditions and the associated treatments were considered to be medically accurate within reason 62% (13/21) of the time. There is significant room for improvement to increase the portrayal of common urologic conditions and malignancies to improve the public's awareness and perception of our specialty.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"323-325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198121990390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25374388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}