Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie最新文献

{"title":"New insights in pathogenic mechanism of hydroxychloroquine-induced ocular toxicity through choroidal imaging analysis.","authors":"Lidia Remolí-Sargues, Clara Monferrer-Adsuara, Belén López-Salvador, Enrique López-Sánchez, Ester Francés-Muñoz, Verónica Castro-Navarro","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06904-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06904-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients using hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study. The study included 28 healthy patients (56 eyes), 28 patients (56 eyes) using HCQ for 5 years or less (low-risk group), and 22 patients (44 eyes) using HCQ for more than 5 years (high-risk group), all diagnosed with different autoimmune diseases. CVI, total choroidal area (TCA), luminal choroidal area (LCA), stromal choroidal area (SCA), and vessel density (VD) in the choriocapillaris and in the mid choroid, measured using a swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA), were registered. In addition, asymmetry index was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CVI was higher in the high-risk group compared with the control group and the low-risk group (p value < 0,001). In addition, the AI of CVI was lower in the high-risk group compared with the control group (p value 0,042). Regarding SS-OCTA parameters, VD in the mid choroid was lower in the high-risk group compared with the control group (p value 0,001). Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the duration of HCQ therapy and the CVI (r 0,301, p value 0,002), and a negative correlation between HCQ therapy duration and the AI of the TCA, LCA, and SCA (r -0,309, -0,308 and - 0,281, p value 0,027, 0,028 and 0,038, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated a higher CVI in patients on long-term HCQ therapy. Therefore, we suggest that HCQ toxicity may involve the choroid, possibly as a maladaptive vascular response secondary to outer retinal stress induced by the drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived stress levels among patients treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration with anti-VEGF injections.","authors":"Ida Nilsson, Hugo Senra, Karthikeyan Baskaran, Camilla Mohlin, Antonio Filipe Macedo","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06883-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06883-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess perceived stress levels in patients with nAMD undergoing treatment with anti-VEGF injections, and to investigate psychosocial and visual factors that can be associated with perceived stress among these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 202 patients diagnosed with nAMD (mean age of 78 years) who had received three or more anti-VEGF injections and had been scheduled for further treatments. To measure perceived stress, participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS10). For the associated factors, the participants also completed the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support. Participants completed the questionnaires at home before an upcoming treatment scheduled at the hospital. Best corrected visual acuity was measured at the hospital before the treatment. Factors associated with PSS10 scores were examined using multiple regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with near vision impairment perceived higher stress levels than those without near vision impairment (p = 0.034). Younger age (β = -0.15, p = 0.003), better visual acuity (β = -4.20, p = 0.036), poorer perceived social support (β = -1.21, p < 0.001), and poorer self-reported visual function (β = -0.16, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased levels of perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlighted factors potentially associated with increased perceived stress in nAMD patients undergoing anti-VEGF treatment. Self-reported visual function, in particular near-vision, and perceived social support are factors that can be addressed to reduce the levels of stress and risk of mental health disorders in this patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesopic binocular contrast sensitivity under glare conditions after myopic corneal laser refractive surgery.","authors":"Lennart M Hartmann, Franziska Boemer, Anna Hillenmayer, Armin Wolf, Christian M Wertheimer","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06882-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06882-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Corneal laser refractive surgery is a common procedure for achieving spectacle independence. Impairment of contrast sensitivity following corneal refractive surgery can have far-reaching consequences, such as restrictions for certain professions or driving bans. The objective of this study was to assess contrast sensitivity following corneal refractive surgery and to identify risk factors contributing to lower contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 174 eyes with a history of corneal laser refractive surgery for myopia correction ≥ 6 months prior who underwent Scheimpflug imaging, a clinical examination, and a test for mesopic binocular contrast sensitivity in glare mode using a Nyctometer. Potential predisposing risk factors were compared between groups with higher and lower binocular contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The uncorrected distance visual acuity was ≥ 0.2 logMAR in 98% of eyes, and the postoperative spherical equivalent was between - 1.5 D and + 1.5 D in 99% of eyes. Moreover, 98% of these patients exhibited a good contrast_(Weber) of better than 63%. A statistically significant association was observed between the decentration of the effective optical zone (p = 0.01), postoperative UDVA (p = 0.01), densitometry (p = 0.03) and the maximum myopic meridian (p = 0.04) with lower contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall refractive and contrast sensitivity outcomes of myopic corneal laser refractive surgery are favourable. In our population, both lower uncorrected distance visual acuity and higher decentration of the effective optical zone are correlated with lower contrast sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between axial length and the elasticity of the posterior segment of eyeball in myopic eyes without posterior staphyloma: a shear wave elastography-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tianwei Qian, Fang Li, Ting Zhao, Jingxiao Du, Rong Wu, Zhihua Zhang, Xun Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06888-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06888-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the correlation between axial length (AL) and the elasticity of the posterior segment wall of the eyeball using shear wave elastography in myopic eyes without posterior staphyloma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 87 right eyes, including 29 with high myopia (spherical equivalent ≤ -6.00 D) and 58 with low myopia (-6.00 D < spherical equivalent ≤ -0.50 D). The AL measured with Pentacam and the elasticity of the eyeball wall at different locations (including the macular region, near the optic nerve, and near the midperiphery) could be reflected using shear wave elastography. Multivariate regression analysis was used to explore the correlations between AL and elasticity at different locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly lower elasticity measurement was observed in high myopia group at the macular region, 3.5 mm from the nasal side of the optic nerve, temporal and nasal sides of the optic nerve, and temporal and nasal sides of the midperiphery in both horizontal and vertical directions (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the elasticities at the macular region in both horizontal and vertical directions had significant correlations with AL (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The elasticity of the eyewall at the macular area decreased with an increase in AL, which may explain why posterior scleral staphyloma is most likely to occur at the macular area. The macular area should be paid more attention in high myopia. These microstructural changes indicated by the difference in elasticity of the posterior segment wall maybe lead to the progression of posterior staphyloma.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>WHAT IS KNOWN : The local choroidal factors and a decreased biomechanical elasticity of the sclera have been regarded as important pathogenic factors of posterior staphyloma.</p><p><strong>What is new: </strong>While posterior staphyloma had not yet occurred, the elasticity of the wall of the eyeball began to decrease. Shear wave elastography proved that the elasticity of the eye wall at the macular area decreased with an increase in axial length, which explain why posterior staphyloma is likely to occur at the macular area. The posterior scleral staphyloma is most likely to occur at the macular area, therefore the macular area should be paid more attention in highly myopic eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive factors affecting the persistence of anisometropia in preschool-aged children.","authors":"Ran Moshkovsky, Itay Nitzan, Michael Kinori, Oriel Spierer","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06891-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06891-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pediatric vision screening programs can detect children with amblyopic anisometropia. We aim to determine which refractive factors may be associated with the persistence of anisometropia in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort analysis included all children aged one to six years, evaluated for refractive status between 2012 and 2022 at the Maccabi Healthcare Services. Refractive data were collected at presentation and at a subsequent follow-up visit. Logistic regression models were used to analyze relationships between baseline refractive error and anisometropia at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 35,854 children evaluated, 6.6% (n = 2,358) had anisometropia at presentation. Those with a baseline anisometropia of ≥ 3.0 diopters exhibited a higher prevalence of anisometropia at the last follow-up compared to those with a baseline anisometropia of a lesser magnitude; when the more ametropic eye was hyperopic (73.5% vs. 41.4%, respectively, p < 0.001) or myopic (62.5% vs. 41.8%, respectively, p = 0.009). Adjusted odds ratios for anisometropia at follow-up increased with greater levels of baseline anisometropia with the more ametropic eye being hyperopic (OR = 3.75, 95% CI 2.57 - 5.48) or myopic (OR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.11 - 4.33). A higher degree of hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism at baseline demonstrated similar patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In anisometropic preschool-aged children, higher degrees of baseline anisometropia, hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism, are associated with a higher prevalence of future anisometropia. The likelihood for later anisometropia increases with greater levels of baseline anisometropia, hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>What is known Higher refractive errors, lifestyle factors and educational levels have been considered as risk factors for anisometropia. Severe anisometropia at young age is more prone to persist. What is new In this cohort of 2,358 anisometropic preschool-aged children, the likelihood for anisometropia at the last follow-up has increased considerably when, at baseline, the more ametropic eye was hyperopic. It has also increased with astigmatic hyperopia, which possibly underscores the combined effect of astigmatism and hyperopia on anisometropia persistence. These findings were independent of socio-economic status, body mass index, and country of birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching to faricimab after prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for persistent diabetic macular edema: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ali Tahmasebi, Nazanin Ebrahimiadib, Mohammadreza Niyousha, Narges Hassanpoor","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06878-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06878-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess functional and anatomical results of switching to faricimab after prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy with bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab and/or aflibercept in persistent diabetic macular edema (DME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic search of literature across four primary electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) prior to January 2025 to find the articles on switching to faricimab in refractory DME. Therapeutic effect parameters, including mean change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and injection intervals were extracted from baseline to different follow-up timelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six hundred twenty-nine eyes from 564 patients of fifteen studies, published between 2022 and January 2025, were included in this systematic review, all of which employed a retrospective cohort design. Most participants in the included studies had prior anti-VEGF therapies which were predominantly aflibercept, with fewer cases received ranibizumab and/or bevacizumab. Meta-analysis showed that BCVA improved significantly () in both 1 month and 3 to 12 months after switching. The pooled mean difference was - 0.03 (95%CI: -0.06 to -0.01, ) at 1 month post faricimab injection and - 0.05 (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.03, ) at 3-12 months. CMT also showed significant improvement after switching to faricimab in different follow up periods including even one month and 3-12 months after first faricimab injection. The pooled mean difference was - 54.69 and - 103.5 μm, respectively. Moreover, the pooled results from six studies indicate a significant prolongation in treatment intervals, with a mean difference of 1.53 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on this meta-analysis, switching to faricimab can be considered for patients with persistent DME and can lead to functional or anatomical improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmological manifestations, visual outcomes, and treatment of electrical and lightning trauma: A Systematic Review.","authors":"María A Piedrahita, Andrés Felipe Pineda-Vanegas, Felipe Moreno-Mendoza, María Andrea Estévez-Flórez, Nicolas España-Isaza, Viviana Infante-Ortegón, Diana V Rey-Rodríguez, Carlos Cifuentes-González, Laura Daniela Rodriguez-Camelo, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Alejandra de-la-Torre","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06844-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06844-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Electrical and lightning injuries are rare but carry significant risks for ocular complications. This systematic review aims to synthesize data on ocular manifestations, visual outcomes, and treatment approaches following such traumas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to August 21, 2023, utilizing PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Observational studies, including case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies involving patients with electrical and lightning injuries, were included. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Hoy et al. tools for cross-sectional studies and the Hassan Murad et al. recommendations for case reports and series. Data on ocular manifestations, visual outcomes, and administered treatments were extracted. Manifestations were compared across high-voltage (≥ 1000 V) and low-voltage (< 1000 V) exposures. Visual outcomes were classified into no visual impairment (Best Corrected visual acuity [BCVA] better than 0.4 LogMAR), any vision impairment (BCVA of 0.4 LogMAR or worse), and legal blindness (BCVA of 1.0 LogMAR or worse). This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023453495).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review included 71 studies comprising 183 patients. Cataracts were the most common anterior segment finding (30.05%), and macular cysts were the predominant posterior segment finding (10.38%). Visual outcomes reported for 56 patients showed that 51.35% experienced some degree of visual impairment, with 33.92% classified as legally blind. High-voltage exposure was associated with a higher frequency of cataracts (82.35% vs 37.50%) and macular cysts (11.76% vs. 0%) compared to low-voltage injuries. Patients with legal blindness more frequently exhibited cataracts (73.68% of legally blind patients vs. 61.29% with some visual impairment vs. 56.0% with no visual impairment) and macular cysts (26.32% of legally blind patients vs. 12.0% with no visual impairment). Surgical interventions such as phacoemulsification (15.85%) and vitrectomy (6.02%) were conducted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electrical and lightning injuries can lead to significant ocular complications; the frequency of those complications varies according to the voltage of exposure and the resulting visual outcomes, occurring more frequently in patients exposed to high voltages and those who are legally blind.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi modal imaging of pediatric unilateral macular discoid lesions.","authors":"Miriam Ehrenberg, Edward Barayev, Amit Meshi, Gad Dotan, Amir Sternfeld","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06873-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06873-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the clinical findings, multimodal imaging results and electrophysiologic tests of 6 consecutive pediatric patients. All patients were asymptomatic and had a unilateral, foveal or peri-foveal lesion. We intent to better define and characterize this finding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series was conducted at Schneider Children's Medical Center. Data gathered between 2014 and 2024, from patients with a round or oval hypopigmented unilateral macular lesion seen in fundus exam. These patients subsequently underwent retinal imaging and clinical follow-up. Clinical, imaging and ocular electrophysiologic data were analyzed for the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six patients were diagnosed with an asymptomatic, flat, round or slightly oval lesion, with well-defined margins that was typically located in fovea or temporal to the fovea. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes of all patients. The lesion's size was ~ 1.5 disc diameter (DD), it was easily noticed as a hyper-reflectant lesion in infra-red reflectance (IR) imaging and hyperautofluorescent in fundus autofluoresence imaging. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) cross section through the lesion showed only minimal irregularity in outer retinal bands +/- pigment epithelium (RPE). Multifocal ERG was normal. During an average follow up of 5.6 years, no change was documented clinically or per imaging studies in lesion characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is the largest and most detailed so far to describe this entity. All patients had excellent visual acuity. No progression was noted in lesion imaging characteristics during an average of 5.6 years follow up. Normal multifocal ERG results were achieved in the two patients who completed the test. These findings suggest a stationary benign course, at least in childhood; thus, we recommend follow up with periodic retinal imaging, and further research to possibly identify this entity in adults as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive assessment by wavefront aberrometry compared to subjective refraction in PRK patients.","authors":"Amr Saad, Andreas Frings","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06868-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06868-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare wavefront aberrometry (WA) refraction with subjective refraction (SR) before and after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) or combined phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK)-PRK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our monocentric retrospective study, we aimed to compare refraction measurements obtained using wavefront aberrometry (WA) with subjective refraction (SR) for 154 eyes that underwent PRK treatment. The eyes underwent either tPRK treatment with the Amaris750 excimer laser or combined PTK-PRK treatment with the MEL90 excimer laser. Preoperative spherical equivalent, age, and sex were matched between the two groups. Wavefront measurements were performed with Sirius in tPRK patients and with WASCA in PTK-PRK patients. Follow-up was 6 months postoperatively. We used Bland-Altman plots and intraclass coefficient (ICC) analysis to demonstrate the agreement of SR and WA refraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperatively, there was a high agreement between WA and SR refraction in both treatment groups. However, postoperatively, there was almost no agreement between the two methods (ICC = 0). WA refraction provided more significant hyperopic refraction values postoperatively, while the agreement for cylinder values was lower compared to the sphere.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows that the choice of refraction measurement method should be carefully considered in PRK patients, particularly in the postoperative period and when using aberrometry systems. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to fully investigate this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging retrieval-augmented large language models for patient education in ophthalmology.","authors":"Karthik Reddy, Yannis M Paulus","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06877-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06877-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520634,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}