K A I Nekaris, H Rickets, M Campera, W L Bukit, M Ali Imron
{"title":"The impact of teaching method and learning style on student engagement: a formative assessment of a primate education programme.","authors":"K A I Nekaris, H Rickets, M Campera, W L Bukit, M Ali Imron","doi":"10.1163/14219980-bja10049","DOIUrl":"10.1163/14219980-bja10049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explore the impact of teaching methods and learning styles on student engagement in a conservation education program focused on primate conservation in Indonesia. Engaging students is essential for fostering environmental literacy and encouraging pro-environmental behaviours. We assessed the effectiveness of active versus didactic teaching methods and visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic learning styles in enhancing engagement. Using a formative assessment approach, we observed student participation and attentiveness across 19 different activities in a Nature Club program. Our results indicated that active teaching methods significantly increased engagement, while auditory learning styles were associated with lower levels of engagement. The findings emphasise the importance of adopting active learning strategies and tailoring activities to accommodate diverse learning styles to maximise student involvement. This research contributes valuable insights into the design of conservation education programs that effectively promote long-term environmental stewardship among young learners. Furthermore, this method can easily be adapted to evaluate a range of different conservation education programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruce Ainebyona, Corinne Kendall, Aimee Flauro, Tinka John, Elizabeth Folta, Laura Perry
{"title":"Understanding the motivations and barriers to adoption of environmentally sustainable activities around Kibale National Park, Uganda.","authors":"Bruce Ainebyona, Corinne Kendall, Aimee Flauro, Tinka John, Elizabeth Folta, Laura Perry","doi":"10.1163/14219980-bja10048","DOIUrl":"10.1163/14219980-bja10048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kibale National Park (KNP) is a biodiversity hotspot. Covering 795 km2 it is home to the most diverse population of primates in Africa including 13 species and the largest populations of Eastern Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in East Africa. Rural communities around the park rely heavily on subsistence agriculture and natural resources that surround the park for survival. Population density near the park is greater than 300 people per kilometer, exacerbating pressure on natural resources around and within the park. UNITE for the Environment (UNITE) is a conservation organization working with KNP that provides communities with conservation education programs that address local environmental needs and promotes sustainable solutions to support the protection of this important primate habitat. In prior work, UNITE found considerable variation in how well these sustainable activities are adopted. To understand the factors that influence uptake of different sustainable practices by households, we conducted a community survey on participants' motivations and barriers. Results highlight a number of factors influencing adoption including education and awareness, access, convenience, economic and direct benefits associated with the practices as well as community influence. These results imply that efforts to promote the widespread adoption of sustainable practices should focus on creating more awareness on sustainable behaviors in the targeted communities, which can change their perceptions and attitudes towards the practices and emphasize the direct benefits that arise from adoption of such practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kim Valenta, Tsiky Rajaonarivelo, Angelique Ferreira, Ange Raharinirina, Radoniaina R Rafaliarison, Alisha Farris, Jonas M Watson, Susan deFrance, Dominic Mayo, Caitlynn Filla, Abigail Ross, Sally L Bornbusch, Siddharth Satishchandran, Thomas Kelly, Julie K Levy, Zoavina Randriana, Zach J Farris
{"title":"The impact of free-roaming dogs on lemurs in Madagascar: a decade of research and intervention.","authors":"Kim Valenta, Tsiky Rajaonarivelo, Angelique Ferreira, Ange Raharinirina, Radoniaina R Rafaliarison, Alisha Farris, Jonas M Watson, Susan deFrance, Dominic Mayo, Caitlynn Filla, Abigail Ross, Sally L Bornbusch, Siddharth Satishchandran, Thomas Kelly, Julie K Levy, Zoavina Randriana, Zach J Farris","doi":"10.1163/14219980-bja10047","DOIUrl":"10.1163/14219980-bja10047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lemurs are the most endangered group of mammals on earth, and invasive species, including domestic dogs, are considered to be the second greatest threat to biodiversity after habitat loss. Here, we describe and summarize the challenges and results of a decade of research aimed at understanding the impact of dogs on lemurs, and efforts to humanely reduce dog populations in protected areas in Madagascar, to reduce their impact on lemurs and other wildlife, via the non-profit the Mad Dog Initiative. We have found that free-roaming domestic dog populations living in and around Madagascar's protected areas both predate and displace native wildlife, and that the presence of dogs in forests drives a reduction of wildlife in forests. Additionally, dogs vector a number of pathogens that can have lethal consequences for lemur populations, as well as serving as important vectors of anti-microbial resistance. We propose several future directions for research, outreach, and capacity building in Madagascar and other low and middle income countries aimed at better quantifying the threat of domestic species on wildlife, and mitigating its impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamie Le Fondré, Eluned C Price, Charlotte Arnold, Dominic Wormell
{"title":"Characteristics of gouging by captive-born silvery marmosets in gum-producing trees.","authors":"Jamie Le Fondré, Eluned C Price, Charlotte Arnold, Dominic Wormell","doi":"10.1163/14219980-bja10046","DOIUrl":"10.1163/14219980-bja10046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marmosets are obligate gummivores with evolutionary adaptations to harvesting tree exudates. We studied a group of zoo-living free-ranging silvery marmosets (Mico argentatus) that had learned to feed from Prunus spp., to investigate the characteristics of the holes they gouged in four Portuguese laurel trees (Prunus lusitanica). Holes were frequently extended in more than one direction from the base, often producing roughly V-shaped channels. The angles of the holes from the vertical were significantly different from a random distribution and averaged 40° ± 2.1 SE. Mean hole length was 50.9 mm ± 3.4 SE. Mean depth of gouge holes was 5.08 mm ± 0.17 SE and was consistent along the length of the holes. Feeding on Prunus was concentrated in the late morning, and constituted 26.2% of records of the marmosets' overall activity during group scans. Further studies are needed to investigate whether there are consistent species or generic differences in the methods used to harvest gum by marmosets, and whether marmosets use different gouging techniques for different plant species. Understanding how marmosets identify and use new gum sources will be important for their conservation in habitats altered by anthropogenic impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":"96 1-2","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abnormal Repetitive Behaviours of Confiscated Slow Loris (Nycticebus spp.) in Thailand.","authors":"Jenjit Khudamrongsawat, Kanyamas Nakchamnan, Phadet Laithong, Chalita Kongrit","doi":"10.1159/000487432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000487432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The illegal wildlife trade, especially of live animals, is a major threat to slow lorises. Large numbers of confiscated slow lorises are sent to rescue facilities. We aimed to describe the occurrence and types of abnormal repetitive behaviours (ARBs) in 36 confiscated Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis), and examined factors influencing the occurrence of ARBs. We recorded behaviours of the slow lorises using instantaneous scans every 5 min from 19: 00 to 06: 00 h, and observed 6 types of ARBs in 14 (38.9%) individuals. Each individual exhibited 1 type of ARB. The most prevalent ARBs were pacing, rocking and up-down movement, and represented 29.9 ± 13.6% of the activity budget. Sex did not significantly influence the occurrence of ARB. Animals who had been at the centre for longer had a greater tendency to exhibit ARBs, but this was not statistically significant. We suggest that housing slow lorises in large semi-natural enclosures with conspecifics may reduce ARBs. Other factors potentially influencing ARBs, such as cage size, should be further investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"216-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000487432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40527064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex-Typed Social Development in Lemur catta.","authors":"Stephanie L Meredith","doi":"10.1159/000487433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000487433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strong chemical control of strepsirrhine mating behaviour when compared to haplorhines might suggest that strepsirrhine behavioural development, generally, is under stronger somatic control. A comparative lack of reported behavioural sex differences in immature strepsirrhines would seem to support this hypothesis, but the recent discovery of sex differences in juvenile foraging behaviour in Lemur catta suggests that this difference might be an artefact of undersampling in strepsirrhines. Here, I document in wild L. catta the temporal development of a wider repertoire of social behaviours than have been studied in captivity over a longer developmental duration than has been studied in the wild to identify which behaviours might be and which cannot be linked to puberty. Sex differences in proximity and agonism did not appear before 2 years, consistent with previous reports and suggestions that they are linked to somatic or social changes at puberty. Immature females exhibited adult female-typical interest in infants; immature males demonstrated elements of adult male scent-marking behaviour, and immature males demonstrated marked attraction to adult males - sex differences that cannot be dependent on gonadal maturation. Immature L. catta exhibited some sex differences common in immature haplorhines, which are thought to be strategic choices by immatures to increase their later reproductive success.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"224-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000487433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39965829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Talar maturity determined by epiphyseal closure of the calcaneus.","authors":"Yu Okuda Jogahara, Masahito Natori","doi":"10.1159/000345582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000345582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The talus is used in many kinds of studies on primates including fossil species, and most of the individuals studied are adults. One of the most important indicators of adult individuals is epiphyseal closure; however, because the talus has no epiphysis, it is difficult to determine the maturity of the talus. The calcaneus has one epiphysis, and it has been used along with the talus in some analyses. The objective of this study was to quantify the maturation trajectory of the talus using epiphyseal closure of the calcaneus as a benchmark. We used 71 skeletons of free-ranging Macaca fuscata fuscata males of known day-age. We did not identify any size increase with age in talar dimensions among specimens with complete calcaneal epiphyseal closure. Thus, in male M. fuscatafuscata, the maturation trajectory of the talus can be quantified using epiphyseal closure of the calcaneus as a benchmark.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"11-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000345582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40216179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine R Amato, Sarie Van Belle, Brianna Wilkinson
{"title":"A comparison of scan and focal sampling for the description of wild primate activity, diet and intragroup spatial relationships.","authors":"Katherine R Amato, Sarie Van Belle, Brianna Wilkinson","doi":"10.1159/000348305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000348305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We used data collected during two concurrent studies of black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) in Palenque National Park, Mexico, to compare systematically three methods of behavioral data collection [group activity scan sampling (group scans), instantaneous focal individual sampling (instantaneous focals) and continuous focal individual sampling (continuous focals)] and three methods of proximity data collection [group proximity scan sampling (group proximity scans), focal individual proximity scan sampling (focal proximity scans) and instantaneous focal individual nearest neighbor sampling (focal nearest neighbor samples)]. We conducted pairwise comparisons of data among methods using Pearson correlations and one-sample t tests. A series of Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to compare the activity and proximity patterns of adult males, adult females and juveniles described by each method. The three behavioral data collection methods generally provided similar information about activity and diet. However, important differences for both activity and proximity data existed among methods. Instantaneous focals overestimated the percentage of time spent in social interactions, while group scans overestimated time spent moving and underestimated time spent feeding. Group proximity scans and focal proximity scans provided similar spatial data, while focal nearest neighbor samples were more appropriate for determining the influence of one individual on another at any given moment. These biases suggest the importance of deliberate method selection during project design and highlight the need for taking methods into account when comparing studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"87-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000348305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of forest fragment characteristics on abundance of Colobus vellerosus in the forest-savanna transition zone of Ghana.","authors":"Bright O Kankam, Pascale Sicotte","doi":"10.1159/000348307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000348307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explore the factors influencing the abundance of Colobus vellerosus in 11 forest fragments [Boabeng-Fiema Monkey Sanctuary and 9 surrounding forest fragments (range: 3.2-190 ha)] in the forest-savanna transition zone of Ghana. We used a 'complete' count for the colobus census in the fragments. We determined the fragment sizes using geographic information system methods and assessed forest fragment quality (tree species richness). Colobus individuals were absent from 4 forest fragments but present in 7 (densities of 0.13/ha-1.63/ha). We modelled colobus density using Poisson regression and selected models based on corrected Akaike information criterion model weights. Fragment size and tree species richness in the fragments were positively associated with colobus density, whereas isolation distance of the forest fragments (range: 20-5,632 m) was negatively associated with colobus density. Our analysis suggests that the isolation distance between the fragments and Boabeng does impede colobus movement. As the colobus populations in Boabeng and Fiema increase, some of the unoccupied fragments may become more attractive to dispersing monkeys. Management measures that aim at increasing tree species richness within fragments, while maintaining some large trees between fragments, might help to increase the occupancy of some of the fragments that currently have no permanent colobus groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"74-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000348307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40242462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lieven Devreese, Marie-Claude Huynen, Jeroen M G Stevens, Angelique Todd
{"title":"Group size of a permanent large group of agile mangabeys (Cercocebus agilis) at Bai Hokou, Central African Republic.","authors":"Lieven Devreese, Marie-Claude Huynen, Jeroen M G Stevens, Angelique Todd","doi":"10.1159/000346964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000346964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White-eyelid mangabeys (genus Cercocebus) live in groups of highly variable size. Because of their semi-terrestrial behaviour and preference for dense forest habitats, re-liable data on group size are scarce. During a 5-month study, we collected 17 group counts on a habituated group of agile mangabeys (C. agilis) at Bai Hokou in the Central African Republic. We found a stable group size of approximately 135 individuals. This permanent large grouping pattern is known to occur among several populations of white-eyelid mangabeys and is congruent with extreme group sizes reported in mandrills at Lopé in Gabon.</p>","PeriodicalId":520627,"journal":{"name":"Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology","volume":" ","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000346964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40243191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}