Jelte Helfferich, Marit Ma de Lange, Kimberley Sm Benschop, Bart C Jacobs, Coretta C Van Leer-Buter, Adam Meijer, Dewi P Bakker, Eva de Bie, Hilde Mh Braakman, Rick Brandsma, Rinze F Neuteboom, Erik H Niks, Jikke-Mien Niermeijer, Vincent Roelfsema, Niels Schoenmaker, Lilian T Sie, Hubert G Niesters, Oebele F Brouwer, Margreet Jm Te Wierik
{"title":"Epidemiology of acute flaccid myelitis in children in the Netherlands, 2014 to 2019.","authors":"Jelte Helfferich, Marit Ma de Lange, Kimberley Sm Benschop, Bart C Jacobs, Coretta C Van Leer-Buter, Adam Meijer, Dewi P Bakker, Eva de Bie, Hilde Mh Braakman, Rick Brandsma, Rinze F Neuteboom, Erik H Niks, Jikke-Mien Niermeijer, Vincent Roelfsema, Niels Schoenmaker, Lilian T Sie, Hubert G Niesters, Oebele F Brouwer, Margreet Jm Te Wierik","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.42.2200157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.42.2200157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAcute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a polio-like condition affecting mainly children and involving the central nervous system (CNS). AFM has been associated with different non-polio-enteroviruses (EVs), in particular EV-D68 and EV-A71. Reliable incidence rates in European countries are not available.AimTo report AFM incidence in children in the Netherlands and its occurrence relative to EV-D68 and EV-A71 detections.MethodsIn 10 Dutch hospitals, we reviewed electronic health records of patients diagnosed with a clinical syndrome including limb weakness and/or CNS infection and who were < 18 years old when symptoms started. After excluding those with a clear alternative diagnosis to AFM, those without weakness, and removing duplicate records, only patients diagnosed in January 2014-December 2019 were retained and further classified according to current diagnostic criteria. Incidence rates were based on definite and probable AFM cases. Cases' occurrences during the study period were co-examined with laboratory-surveillance detections of EV-D68 and EV-A71.ResultsAmong 143 patients included, eight were classified as definite and three as probable AFM. AFM mean incidence rate was 0.06/100,000 children/year (95% CI: -0.03 to 0.14). All patient samples were negative for EV-A71. Of respiratory samples in seven patients, five were EV-D68 positive. AFM cases clustered in periods with increased EV-D68 and EV-A71 detections.ConclusionsAFM is rare in children in the Netherlands. The temporal coincidence of EV-D68 circulation and AFM and the detection of this virus in several cases' samples support its association with AFM. Increased AFM awareness among clinicians, adequate diagnostics and case registration matter to monitor the incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9585879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40672686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carla Kolner, Wieke van der Borg, Jet Sanders, Jolanda Keijsers, Maysa Joosten, Marijn de Bruin
{"title":"Public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of community organisations and networks in the Netherlands (2020-2021): five lessons for pandemic decision-making.","authors":"Carla Kolner, Wieke van der Borg, Jet Sanders, Jolanda Keijsers, Maysa Joosten, Marijn de Bruin","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.42.2200242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.42.2200242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDuring the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, key persons who were formally or informally active in community organisations and networks, such as sports clubs or cultural, educational, day care and healthcare facilities, occupied a key position between governments and citizens. However, their experiences, the dilemmas they faced and the solutions they generated when implementing COVID-19 measures in their respective settings are understudied.AimWe aimed to understand how key persons in different community organisations and networks experienced and responded to the COVID-19 measures in the Netherlands.MethodsBetween October 2020 and December 2021, the Corona Behavioural Unit at the Dutch national public health institute, conducted qualitative research based on narratives derived from 65 in-depth interviews with 95 key persons from 32 organisations and networks in eight different sectors.ResultsFirstly, key persons enhanced adherence and supported the resilience and well-being of people involved in their settings. Secondly, adherence was negatively affected where COVID-19 measures conflicted with important organisational goals and values. Thirdly, small changes and ambiguities in COVID-19 policy had substantial consequences, depending on the context. Fourthly, problem-solving was achieved through trial-and-error, peer support, co-creation and transparent communication. Lastly, the COVID-19 pandemic and measures highlighted inequalities in access to resources.ConclusionPandemic preparedness requires organisational and community preparedness and a multidisciplinary public health approach. Structural engagement of governments with key persons in community organisations and networks is key to enhance public trust and adherence to pandemic measures and contributes to health equity and the well-being of the people involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9585880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40672687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna-Leena Lohiniva, Saija Toura, Dinah Arifulla, Jukka Ollgren, Outi Lyytikäinen
{"title":"Exploring behavioural factors influencing COVID-19-specific infection prevention and control measures in Finland: a mixed-methods study, December 2020 to March 2021.","authors":"Anna-Leena Lohiniva, Saija Toura, Dinah Arifulla, Jukka Ollgren, Outi Lyytikäinen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.40.2100915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.40.2100915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCompliance with infection prevention and control (IPC) measures is critical to preventing COVID-19 transmission in healthcare settings.AimTo identify and explain factors influencing compliance with COVID-19-specific IPC measures among healthcare workers (HCWs) in long-term care facilities (LTCF) in Finland.MethodsThe study included a web-based survey and qualitative study based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The link to the anonymous survey was distributed via email to LTCFs through regional IPC experts in December 2020. Outcome was modelled using ordinary logistic regression and penalised ridge logistic regression using regrouped explanatory variables and an original, more correlated set of explanatory variables, respectively. In-depth interviews were conducted among survey participants who volunteered during January-March 2021. Data were analysed thematically using qualitative data analysis software (NVIVO12).ResultsA total of 422 HCWs from 17/20 regions responded to the survey. Three TDF domains were identified that negatively influenced IPC compliance: environmental context and resources, reinforcement and beliefs about capabilities. Twenty HCWs participated in interviews, which resulted in identification of several themes: changes in professional duties and lack of staff planning for emergencies (domain: environmental context and resources); management culture and physical absence of management (domain: reinforcement), knowledge of applying IPC measures, nature of tasks and infrastructure that supports implementation (domain: beliefs about capabilities), that explained how the domains negatively influenced their IPC behaviour.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into behavioural domains that can be used in developing evidence-based behaviour change interventions to support HCW compliance with pandemic-specific IPC measures in LTCFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9540522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33493754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Swanson, Clemence Koren, Petter Hopp, Malin E Jonsson, Gunnar Isaksson Rø, Richard A White, Gry Marysol Grøneng
{"title":"A One Health real-time surveillance system for nowcasting <i>Campylobacter</i> gastrointestinal illness outbreaks, Norway, week 30 2010 to week 11 2022.","authors":"David Swanson, Clemence Koren, Petter Hopp, Malin E Jonsson, Gunnar Isaksson Rø, Richard A White, Gry Marysol Grøneng","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.43.2101121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.43.2101121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background<i>Campylobacter</i> is a leading cause of food and waterborne illness. Monitoring and modelling <i>Campylobacter</i> at chicken broiler farms, combined with weather pattern surveillance, can aid nowcasting of human gastrointestinal (GI) illness outbreaks. Near real-time sharing of data and model results with health authorities can help increase potential outbreak responsiveness.AimsTo leverage data on weather and <i>Campylobacter</i> on broiler farms to build a risk model for possible human <i>Campylobacter</i> outbreaks and to communicate risk assessments with health authorities.MethodsWe developed a spatio-temporal random effects model for weekly GI illness consultations in Norwegian municipalities with <i>Campylobacter</i> monitoring and weather data from week 30 2010 to 11 2022 to give 1-week nowcasts of GI illness outbreaks. The approach combined a municipality random effects baseline model for seasonally-adjusted GI illness with a second model for peak deviations from that baseline. Model results are communicated to national and local stakeholders through an interactive website: Sykdomspulsen One Health.ResultsLagged temperature and precipitation covariates, as well as 2-week-lagged positive <i>Campylobacter</i> sampling in broilers, were associated with higher levels of GI consultations. Significant inter-municipality variability in outbreak nowcasts were observed.Conclusions<i>Campylobacter</i> surveillance in broilers can be useful in GI illness outbreak nowcasting. Surveillance of <i>Campylobacter</i> along potential pathways from the environment to illness such as via water system monitoring may improve nowcasting. A One Health system that communicates near real-time surveillance data and nowcast changes in risk to health professionals facilitates the prevention of <i>Campylobacter</i> outbreaks and reduces impact on human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9615412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40434842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Torsten Houwaart, Samir Belhaj, Emran Tawalbeh, Dirk Nagels, Yara Fröhlich, Patrick Finzer, Pilar Ciruela, Aurora Sabrià, Mercè Herrero, Cristina Andrés, Andrés Antón, Assia Benmoumene, Dounia Asskali, Hussein Haidar, Janina von Dahlen, Jessica Nicolai, Mygg Stiller, Jacqueline Blum, Christian Lange, Carla Adelmann, Britta Schroer, Ute Osmers, Christiane Grice, Phillipp P Kirfel, Hassan Jomaa, Daniel Strelow, Lisanna Hülse, Moritz Pigulla, Pascal Kreuzer, Alona Tyshaieva, Jonas Weber, Tobias Wienemann, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Katrin Hoffmann, Nadine Lübke, Sandra Hauka, Marcel Andree, Claus Jürgen Scholz, Nathalie Jazmati, Klaus Göbels, Rainer Zotz, Klaus Pfeffer, Jörg Timm, Lutz Ehlkes, Andreas Walker, Alexander T Dilthey
{"title":"Integrated genomic surveillance enables tracing of person-to-person SARS-CoV-2 transmission chains during community transmission and reveals extensive onward transmission of travel-imported infections, Germany, June to July 2021.","authors":"Torsten Houwaart, Samir Belhaj, Emran Tawalbeh, Dirk Nagels, Yara Fröhlich, Patrick Finzer, Pilar Ciruela, Aurora Sabrià, Mercè Herrero, Cristina Andrés, Andrés Antón, Assia Benmoumene, Dounia Asskali, Hussein Haidar, Janina von Dahlen, Jessica Nicolai, Mygg Stiller, Jacqueline Blum, Christian Lange, Carla Adelmann, Britta Schroer, Ute Osmers, Christiane Grice, Phillipp P Kirfel, Hassan Jomaa, Daniel Strelow, Lisanna Hülse, Moritz Pigulla, Pascal Kreuzer, Alona Tyshaieva, Jonas Weber, Tobias Wienemann, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Katrin Hoffmann, Nadine Lübke, Sandra Hauka, Marcel Andree, Claus Jürgen Scholz, Nathalie Jazmati, Klaus Göbels, Rainer Zotz, Klaus Pfeffer, Jörg Timm, Lutz Ehlkes, Andreas Walker, Alexander T Dilthey","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.43.2101089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.43.2101089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTracking person-to-person SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the population is important to understand the epidemiology of community transmission and may contribute to the containment of SARS-CoV-2. Neither contact tracing nor genomic surveillance alone, however, are typically sufficient to achieve this objective.AimWe demonstrate the successful application of the integrated genomic surveillance (IGS) system of the German city of Düsseldorf for tracing SARS-CoV-2 transmission chains in the population as well as detecting and investigating travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 infection clusters.MethodsGenomic surveillance, phylogenetic analysis, and structured case interviews were integrated to elucidate two genetically defined clusters of SARS-CoV-2 isolates detected by IGS in Düsseldorf in July 2021.ResultsCluster 1 (n = 67 Düsseldorf cases) and Cluster 2 (n = 36) were detected in a surveillance dataset of 518 high-quality SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Düsseldorf (53% of total cases, sampled mid-June to July 2021). Cluster 1 could be traced back to a complex pattern of transmission in nightlife venues following a putative importation by a SARS-CoV-2-infected return traveller (IP) in late June; 28 SARS-CoV-2 cases could be epidemiologically directly linked to IP. Supported by viral genome data from Spain, Cluster 2 was shown to represent multiple independent introduction events of a viral strain circulating in Catalonia and other European countries, followed by diffuse community transmission in Düsseldorf.ConclusionIGS enabled high-resolution tracing of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in an internationally connected city during community transmission and provided infection chain-level evidence of the downstream propagation of travel-imported SARS-CoV-2 cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9615415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40455118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keiju Sk Kontula, Kirsi Skogberg, Jukka Ollgren, Asko Järvinen, Outi Lyytikäinen
{"title":"Early deaths associated with community-acquired and healthcare-associated bloodstream infections: a population-based study, Finland, 2004 to 2018.","authors":"Keiju Sk Kontula, Kirsi Skogberg, Jukka Ollgren, Asko Järvinen, Outi Lyytikäinen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.36.2101067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.36.2101067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundBloodstream infections (BSI) cause substantial morbidity and mortality.AimWe explored the role of causative pathogens and patient characteristics on the outcome of community-acquired (CA) and healthcare-associated (HA) BSI, with particular interest in early death.MethodsWe used national register data to identify all BSI in Finland during 2004-18. We determined the origin of BSI, patients´ underlying comorbidities and deaths within 2 or 30 days from specimen collection. A time-dependent Cox model was applied to evaluate the impact of patient characteristics and causative pathogens on the hazard for death at different time points.ResultsA total of 173,715 BSI were identified; 22,474 (12.9%) were fatal within 30 days and, of these, 6,392 (28.4%) occurred within 2 days (7.9 deaths/100,000 population). The 2-day case fatality rate of HA-BSI was higher than that of CA-BSI (5.4% vs 3.0%). Patients who died within 2 days were older than those alive on day 3 (76 vs 70 years) and had more severe comorbidities. Compared with other BSI, infections leading to death within 2 days were more often polymicrobial (11.8% vs 6.3%) and caused by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (6.2% vs 2.0%), fungi (2.9% vs 1.4%) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens (2.2% vs 1.8%), which were also predictors of death within 2 days in the model.ConclusionsOverrepresentation of polymicrobial, fungal, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and MDR aetiology among BSI leading to early death is challenging concerning the initial antimicrobial treatment. Our findings highlight the need for active prevention and prompt recognition of BSI and appropriate antimicrobial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9461309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noam Barda, Michal Canetti, Mayan Gilboa, Victoria Indenboim, Keren Asraf, Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi, Sharon Amit, Daniel Zibly, Ram Doolman, Ella Mendelson, Dror Harats, Laurence S Freedman, Yitshak Kreiss, Yaniv Lustig, Gili Regev-Yochay
{"title":"Comparing immunogenicity and efficacy of two different mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines as a fourth dose; six-month follow-up, Israel, 27 December 2021 to 24 July 2022.","authors":"Noam Barda, Michal Canetti, Mayan Gilboa, Victoria Indenboim, Keren Asraf, Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi, Sharon Amit, Daniel Zibly, Ram Doolman, Ella Mendelson, Dror Harats, Laurence S Freedman, Yitshak Kreiss, Yaniv Lustig, Gili Regev-Yochay","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.39.2200701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.39.2200701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assess the immunogenicity and efficacy of Spikevax and Comirnaty as fourth dose COVID-19 vaccines. Six months post-fourth-dose, IgG levels were higher than pre-fourth dose at 1.58-fold (95% CI: 1.27-1.97) in Spikevax and 1.16-fold (95% CI: 0.98-1.37) in Comirnaty vaccinees. Nearly 60% (159/274) of vaccinees contracted SARS-CoV-2. Infection hazard ratios (HRs) for Spikevax (0.82; 95% CI: 0.62-1.09) and Comirnaty (0.86; 95% CI: 0.65-1.13) vaccinees were similar, as were substantial-disease HRs, i.e. 0.28 (95% CI: 0.13-0.62) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.27-0.96), respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9524052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40385844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Paget, Saverio Caini, Marco Del Riccio, Willemijn van Waarden, Adam Meijer
{"title":"Has influenza B/Yamagata become extinct and what implications might this have for quadrivalent influenza vaccines?","authors":"John Paget, Saverio Caini, Marco Del Riccio, Willemijn van Waarden, Adam Meijer","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.39.2200753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.39.2200753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While two influenza B virus lineages have co-circulated, B/Yamagata-lineage circulation has not been confirmed since March 2020. The WHO FluNet database indicates that B/Yamagata-lineage detections were reported in 2021 and 2022. However, detections can result from use of quadrivalent live-attenuated vaccines. Of the type B viruses detected post-March 2020, all ascribed to a lineage have been B/Victoria-lineage. There is need for a global effort to detect and lineage-ascribe type B influenza viruses, to assess if B/Yamagata-lineage viruses have become extinct.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9524051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40385845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flavia Riccardo, Antonino Bella, Federica Monaco, Federica Ferraro, Daniele Petrone, Alberto Mateo-Urdiales, Xanthi D Andrianou, Martina Del Manso, Giulietta Venturi, Claudia Fortuna, Marco Di Luca, Francesco Severini, Maria Grazia Caporali, Daniela Morelli, Federica Iapaolo, Ilaria Pati, Letizia Lombardini, Tamas Bakonyi, Olivia Alexandra, Patrizio Pezzotti, Maria Gabriella Perrotta, Francesco Maraglino, Giovanni Rezza, Anna Teresa Palamara
{"title":"Rapid increase in neuroinvasive West Nile virus infections in humans, Italy, July 2022.","authors":"Flavia Riccardo, Antonino Bella, Federica Monaco, Federica Ferraro, Daniele Petrone, Alberto Mateo-Urdiales, Xanthi D Andrianou, Martina Del Manso, Giulietta Venturi, Claudia Fortuna, Marco Di Luca, Francesco Severini, Maria Grazia Caporali, Daniela Morelli, Federica Iapaolo, Ilaria Pati, Letizia Lombardini, Tamas Bakonyi, Olivia Alexandra, Patrizio Pezzotti, Maria Gabriella Perrotta, Francesco Maraglino, Giovanni Rezza, Anna Teresa Palamara","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.36.2200653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.36.2200653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As in 2018, when a large West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic occurred, the 2022 vector season in Italy was marked by an early onset of WNV circulation in mosquitoes and birds. Human infections were limited until early July, when we observed a rapid increase in the number of cases. We describe the epidemiology of human infections and animal and vector surveillance for WNV and compare the more consolidated data of June and July 2022 with the same period in 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9461310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesús Castilla, Óscar Lecea, Carmen Martín Salas, Delia Quílez, Ana Miqueleiz, Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín, Ana Navascués, Iván Martínez-Baz, Itziar Casado, Cristina Burgui, Nerea Egüés, Guillermo Ezpeleta, Carmen Ezpeleta
{"title":"Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and risk of COVID-19 in Navarre, Spain, May to July 2022.","authors":"Jesús Castilla, Óscar Lecea, Carmen Martín Salas, Delia Quílez, Ana Miqueleiz, Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín, Ana Navascués, Iván Martínez-Baz, Itziar Casado, Cristina Burgui, Nerea Egüés, Guillermo Ezpeleta, Carmen Ezpeleta","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.33.2200619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.33.2200619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Navarre, Spain, in May 2022, the seroprevalence of anti-nucleocapsid (N) and anti-spike (S) antibodies of SARS-CoV-2 was 58.9% and 92.7%, respectively. The incidence of confirmed COVID-19 thereafter through July was lower in people with anti-N antibodies (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05-0.13) but not with anti-S antibodies (aOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.47-2.38). Hybrid immunity, including anti-N antibodies induced by natural exposure to SARS-CoV-2, seems essential in preventing Omicron COVID-19 cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520613,"journal":{"name":"Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9389855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40708176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}