Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)最新文献_第2页

2025 Korean Thyroid Association Clinical Management Guideline on Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. 2025韩国甲状腺协会临床管理指南主动监测低风险甲状腺乳头状癌。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2461

Eun Kyung Lee, Min Joo Kim, Seung Heon Kang, Bon Seok Koo, Kyungsik Kim, Mijin Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Shinje Moon, Kyorim Back, Young Shin Song, Jong-Hyuk Ahn, Hwa Young Ahn, Ho-Ryun Won, Won Sang Yoo, Min Kyoung Lee, Jeongmin Lee, Ji Ye Lee, Kyong Yeun Jung, Chan Kwon Jung, Yoon Young Cho, Dong-Jun Lim, Sun Wook Kim, Young Joo Park, Dong Gyu Na, Jee Soo Kim

{"title":"2025 Korean Thyroid Association Clinical Management Guideline on Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.","authors":"Eun Kyung Lee, Min Joo Kim, Seung Heon Kang, Bon Seok Koo, Kyungsik Kim, Mijin Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Shinje Moon, Kyorim Back, Young Shin Song, Jong-Hyuk Ahn, Hwa Young Ahn, Ho-Ryun Won, Won Sang Yoo, Min Kyoung Lee, Jeongmin Lee, Ji Ye Lee, Kyong Yeun Jung, Chan Kwon Jung, Yoon Young Cho, Dong-Jun Lim, Sun Wook Kim, Young Joo Park, Dong Gyu Na, Jee Soo Kim","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2461","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2461","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing detection of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has raised concerns regarding overtreatment. For low-risk PTMC, either immediate surgery or active surveillance (AS) can be considered. To facilitate the implementation of AS, the Korean Thyroid Association convened a multidisciplinary panel and developed the first Korean guideline. AS is recommended for adults with pathologically confirmed Bethesda V-VI PTMC who have no clinical evidence of lymph node or distant metastasis, gross extrathyroidal extension, invasion of the trachea or recurrent laryngeal nerve, or aggressive histology. A baseline assessment requires high-resolution neck ultrasound performed by experienced operators to exclude extrathyroidal extension, tracheal or recurrent laryngeal nerve invasion, and lymph node metastasis; contrast-enhanced neck computed tomography is optional. Patient characteristics, including age, comorbidities, and the capacity for long-term follow-up, should be thoroughly assessed. Shared decision-making should carefully weigh the benefits and risks of surgery versus AS, considering expected oncologic outcomes, potential complications, quality of life, anxiety, medical costs, and patient preference. Follow-up involves neck ultrasound and thyroid function tests every 6 months for 2 years and annually thereafter. Disease progression, defined as significant tumor growth or newly detected nodal or distant metastasis, warrants surgery. Despite remaining uncertainties, this guideline provides a structured framework to ensure oncologic safety and supports patient-centered AS.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"40 3","pages":"307-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calorie Restriction and Bone Health: Lessons from Bariatric Metabolic Surgery. 热量限制和骨骼健康：来自减肥代谢手术的经验教训。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2452

Bukyung Kim

引用次数: 0

The Initial Risk Stratification System for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Key Updates in the 2024 Korean Thyroid Association Guideline. 分化型甲状腺癌的初始风险分层系统：2024年韩国甲状腺协会指南的关键更新。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2465

Shinje Moon, Young Shin Song, Kyong Yeun Jung, Eun Kyung Lee, Jeongmin Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Chan Kwon Jung, Young Joo Park

{"title":"The Initial Risk Stratification System for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Key Updates in the 2024 Korean Thyroid Association Guideline.","authors":"Shinje Moon, Young Shin Song, Kyong Yeun Jung, Eun Kyung Lee, Jeongmin Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Chan Kwon Jung, Young Joo Park","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2465","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2465","url":null,"abstract":"In 2024, the Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) introduced a revised Risk Stratification System (K-RSS) for differentiated thyroid cancer, building upon the modified RSS (M-RSS) proposed by the American Thyroid Association in 2015. The K-RSS emphasizes the cumulative impact of coexisting clinical and pathological features, acknowledging that multiple intermediate-risk factors collectively indicate a higher recurrence risk. Histologic classification follows the 2022 World Health Organization classification, consolidating encapsulated follicular-patterned thyroid carcinomas, including invasive encapsulated follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, and oncocytic carcinoma of the thyroid gland, and stratifying them by the extent of capsular and vascular invasion. High-grade thyroid carcinoma is newly included. Updated criteria for tumor size and extrathyroidal extension (ETE) represent another significant change. BRAFV600E-mutated papillary thyroid carcinomas measuring 1 to 2 cm are now considered lower risk than previously classified in the M-RSS, while encapsulated follicular-patterned tumors larger than 4 cm are considered higher risk. Both minimal ETE and gross ETE confined to the strap muscles have been downgraded to low and intermediate risk, respectively. These changes are accompanied by updates regarding molecular profiling and surgical margin status. Collectively, these updates aim to minimize overtreatment in low-risk patients, while ensuring intensified management for those at higher risk.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"40 3","pages":"357-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2025 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Hyperthyroidism. 2025韩国甲状腺协会管理指南放射性碘治疗甲状腺功能亢进患者。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2464

Kyeong Jin Kim, Eyun Song, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Eu Jeong Ku, Hyun Woo Kwon, Jee Hee Yoon, Eun Kyung Lee, Won Woo Lee, Young Joo Park, Dong-Jun Lim, Sun Wook Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Yong Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Dong Gyu Na, Jee Soo Kim

{"title":"2025 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Hyperthyroidism.","authors":"Kyeong Jin Kim, Eyun Song, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Eu Jeong Ku, Hyun Woo Kwon, Jee Hee Yoon, Eun Kyung Lee, Won Woo Lee, Young Joo Park, Dong-Jun Lim, Sun Wook Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Yong Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Dong Gyu Na, Jee Soo Kim","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2464","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2464","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthyroidism is a condition marked by excessive thyroid hormone production, most commonly due to Graves' disease. Treatment options include antithyroid drugs (ATD), radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, and thyroidectomy. To develop standardized clinical recommendations for RAI therapy with a focus on safety, efficacy, and monitoring, the Korean Thyroid Association formed a task force to create evidence-based guidelines. Six key clinical questions were identified through expert consensus, and a systematic literature review from 2013 to 2022 was conducted. Clinical indications for RAI therapy were categorized into three groups: strongly recommended, may be considered, and not recommended. A fixed dose of 10 to 15 mCi is recommended. Although a strict low-iodine diet is unnecessary, iodine-rich foods should be avoided for at least 1 week before treatment. ATD should be stopped 3 to 7 days before RAI and may be resumed in select cases. Prophylactic glucocorticoids are recommended for patients with mildly active thyroid eye disease and may be considered for others at risk. Thyroid function should be monitored at 4-6 weeks post-treatment, every 2-3 months until stabilized, and then every 6-12 months. These guidelines highlight recent advances and underscore the importance of individualized treatment based on clinical features, comorbidities, and patient preferences in Korea.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":"40 3","pages":"342-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Hypophysitis: A Call for Vigilance. 免疫检查点抑制相关垂体炎：警惕的呼吁

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2477

Ju Hee Lee

引用次数: 0

Fatty Liver Index Dynamics as a Predictor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Cirrhotic Livers. 脂肪肝指数动态作为2型糖尿病和非肝硬化患者肝细胞癌的预测因子。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2024.2286

Eun-Hee Cho, Min Gu Kang, Chang Hun Lee, Shinyoung Oh, Chen Shen, Ha Ram Oh, Young Ran Park, Hyun Lee, Jong Seung Kim, Ji Hyun Park

{"title":"Fatty Liver Index Dynamics as a Predictor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Cirrhotic Livers.","authors":"Eun-Hee Cho, Min Gu Kang, Chang Hun Lee, Shinyoung Oh, Chen Shen, Ha Ram Oh, Young Ran Park, Hyun Lee, Jong Seung Kim, Ji Hyun Park","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2024.2286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2286","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; however, surveillance strategies for patients with T2DM, especially without cirrhosis, are inadequate. This study examined whether the fatty liver index (FLI) and its dynamic changes can effectively identify patients with T2DM at increased risk for HCC.Methods: Data from 92,761 individuals with T2DM aged 40 to 79 who underwent two health screenings (2012 to 2015) were analyzed. The FLI, calculated using waist circumference, body mass index, triglycerides, and gamma-glutamyl transferase, was used to stratify patients by baseline FLI and FLI changes between screenings. HCC cases were identified via International Classification of Diseases codes and reimbursement records (2016 to 2020).Results: Patients with baseline FLI of 30 to 59.9 had a 1.90-fold higher risk (P<0.01) and those with FLI ≥60 had a 2.94-fold higher risk (P<0.01) of developing HCC compared to those with FLI <30. An increase in FLI from <30 to ≥30 resulted in a 2.10-fold higher risk of HCC (P<0.01), while a reduction in FLI from ≥30 to <30 led to a 0.64-fold lower risk (P=0.03). Protective benefits of FLI reduction took approximately 3 years to manifest.Conclusion: Baseline and dynamic monitoring of FLI effectively identified HCC risk in T2DM patients with non-cirrhotic livers, supporting early detection and intervention.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Status of Delay in Injectable Therapy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in South Korea: Multicenter Retrospective Study (2015-2021). 韩国2型糖尿病患者注射治疗延迟的现状：多中心回顾性研究（2015-2021）

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2024.2280

Jong Han Choi, Min Kyong Moon, Hae Jin Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Jung Hae Ko, Jae-Seung Yun, Seung-Hyun Ko, Suk Chon, Nam Hoon Kim

{"title":"Current Status of Delay in Injectable Therapy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in South Korea: Multicenter Retrospective Study (2015-2021).","authors":"Jong Han Choi, Min Kyong Moon, Hae Jin Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Jung Hae Ko, Jae-Seung Yun, Seung-Hyun Ko, Suk Chon, Nam Hoon Kim","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2024.2280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2280","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We aimed to assess the therapeutic inertia associated with injectable therapies and the factors influencing glycemic control following these therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in South Korea.Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 2,598 T2DM patients aged 20 to 75 years from 10 referral medical centers in South Korea. These patients had been treated with three or four oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) and were subsequently initiated on insulin (n=1,942) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs, n=656) between January 2015 and December 2021. We analyzed the time to initiation of injectable therapy, changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and associations between clinical factors and glycemic control.Results: At the time of injectable therapy initiation, the mean HbA1c was 9.54%, with insulin users having a higher HbA1c level (9.79%) than GLP-1RA users (8.70%). The mean time from starting 3 or 4 OADs to initiating injectable therapy was 3.19 years: 53.5% of patients had started injectable therapy after 2 years, and 24.2% started after 5 years. Among insulin users, older age (P= 0.004), higher body mass index (P=0.035), and lower HbA1c levels at insulin initiation (P<0.001) were associated with better glycemic control. Among GLP-1RA users, only the HbA1c level at therapy initiation (P<0.001) was a significant factor.Conclusion: This study highlighted significant delays in initiating injectable therapies, particularly insulin, in T2DM patients in South Korea. Early initiation of injectable therapy may improve long-term glycemic control in these patients.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules Diagnosed as Follicular Neoplasm on Core Needle Biopsy. 核心针活检诊断为滤泡性肿瘤甲状腺结节的风险分层。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2024.2256

Byeong-Joo Noh, Won Jun Kim, Jin Yub Kim, Ha Young Kim, Jong Cheol Lee, Myoung Sook Shim, Yong Jin Song, Kwang Hyun Yoon, In-Hye Jung, Hyo Sang Lee, Wooyul Paik, Dong Gyu Na

{"title":"Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules Diagnosed as Follicular Neoplasm on Core Needle Biopsy.","authors":"Byeong-Joo Noh, Won Jun Kim, Jin Yub Kim, Ha Young Kim, Jong Cheol Lee, Myoung Sook Shim, Yong Jin Song, Kwang Hyun Yoon, In-Hye Jung, Hyo Sang Lee, Wooyul Paik, Dong Gyu Na","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2024.2256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2256","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study assessed risk stratification and diagnostic performance for malignancy in thyroid nodules diagnosed as follicular neoplasm (FN) based on core needle biopsy (CNB) subcategories.Methods: A total of 313 consecutive nodules (>1 cm) diagnosed as FN on CNB with corresponding surgical histology were included. FN subcategories were classified retrospectively for nodules diagnosed before 2022 (retrospective dataset) and prospectively for nodules diagnosed since 2022 (prospective dataset). CNB subcategories were determined using histologic criteria based on architectural uniformity and nuclear atypia, as modified from the 2019 Korean CNB pathology guideline. The diagnostic performance of CNB subcategories, nodule size, and ultrasound risk stratification systems (RSSs) for malignancy was assessed.Results: CNB subcategory IVb showed a significantly higher malignancy risk compared to other subcategories in both datasets (34.5%-83.7% vs. 4.2%-13.6%, P<0.001). It was also identified as an independent predictor of malignancy in both datasets (P< 0.001), whereas nodule size and all ultrasound RSSs were not predictive of malignancy, including noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) (P≥0.079). CNB subcategory IVb demonstrated higher sensitivity for malignancy and a lower surgical rate for benign nodules compared to the nodule size criterion (>2 cm). The combined criterion of CNB subcategory IVb or nodule size >3 cm identified all malignant tumors, excluding NIFTP, in the prospective dataset.Conclusion: CNB subcategory IVb effectively stratifies malignancy risk in thyroid nodules and outperforms nodule size (>2 cm) and ultrasound RSSs in diagnostic performance. Non-IVb nodules ≤3 cm can be safely managed with ultrasound surveillance instead of immediate surgery.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive Evaluation of Treatment Patterns in Postmenopausal Patients with Osteoporosis without Fractures: Insights from Tertiary Care Institutions and Nationwide OMOP-CDM Data. 绝经后骨质疏松无骨折患者治疗模式的综合评价：来自三级医疗机构和全国OMOP-CDM数据的见解

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2024.2252

Kyoung Jin Kim, Dachung Boo, Jimi Choi, Hyemin Yoon, Chai Young Jung, Seong Hee Ahn, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim, Ji Seon Oh, Seng Chan You

{"title":"Comprehensive Evaluation of Treatment Patterns in Postmenopausal Patients with Osteoporosis without Fractures: Insights from Tertiary Care Institutions and Nationwide OMOP-CDM Data.","authors":"Kyoung Jin Kim, Dachung Boo, Jimi Choi, Hyemin Yoon, Chai Young Jung, Seong Hee Ahn, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim, Ji Seon Oh, Seng Chan You","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2024.2252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2252","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis is a global health concern. Despite emerging treatment options for this condition, limited data are available on hospital practices in South Korea. This study addresses the need for a hospital network database that reflects changes in routine clinical practice for osteoporosis in a timely manner.Methods: We analyzed prescription patterns for anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs) in postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years diagnosed with osteoporosis between 2012 and 2021 using data from Osteoporosis Analysis and Surveillance Initiative using Standardized data (OASIS) (four tertiary hospitals in South Korea) and a nationwide database from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Service. AOMs were categorized into antiresorptive and anabolic agents, with a focus on secular changes in the use of oral bisphosphonates, denosumab, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and anabolic agents.Results: In the OASIS cohort, oral bisphosphonates were the most prescribed first-line AOM (49.0%), followed by denosumab (15.7%) and SERMs (18.0%). Denosumab use increased from 2% in 2016 to 40% in 2020, while oral bisphosphonate use declined from 69% in 2012 to 22% in 2021. The use of anabolic agents, including romosozumab and teriparatide, doubled to 6% after 2019. In the HIRA cohort, parenteral bisphosphonates were most common (54.3%), with significant denosumab use (17.3%).Conclusion: Pronounced shifts in AOM prescription patterns were observed in South Korea, marked by a notable increase in denosumab prescriptions and a decline in bisphosphonate use. These trends highlight the impact of policy changes and clinical guidelines on osteoporosis treatment and may inform future management strategies.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Outcomes of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Did Not Significantly Differ according to Tumor Size in an Iodine-Excessive Country. 在一个碘过量国家，滤泡性甲状腺癌的临床结果没有因肿瘤大小而有显著差异。

Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2324

Da Eun Leem, Ji Hyun Yoo, Bo Ram Kim, Jung Sun Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Yun Jae Chung, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Lyun Oh

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Did Not Significantly Differ according to Tumor Size in an Iodine-Excessive Country.","authors":"Da Eun Leem, Ji Hyun Yoo, Bo Ram Kim, Jung Sun Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Yun Jae Chung, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Lyun Oh","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2324","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) measuring <2 cm is generally associated with good prognosis, while tumor size ≥4 cm is regarded as being associated with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate FTC prognosis by tumor size to investigate whether the 2- and 4-cm criteria are appropriate for assessing prognosis.Methods: Data of 248 patients with FTC diagnosed between August 1995 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The population was divided into four groups according to tumor size: <2.0, 2.0-3.9, 4.0-5.9, and ≥6.0 cm. Distant metastasis (DM), recurrence and/or structural persistence (R/SP), cancer-specific death (CSD), and frequency of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations based on tumor size were evaluated.Results: While the rates of DM, R/SP, and CSD and the frequency of TERT promoter mutations did not differ among the size groups <6 cm, they increase sharply in tumor size ≥6 cm, although statistically insignificant (P=0.608, P=0.248, P=0.089, and P=0.165 respectively). Widely invasive subtypes, and TERT promoter mutations were significantly associated with DM (P=0.009 and P<0.001, respectively). Age ≥55 years, gross extrathyroidal extension, synchronous DM, and TERT promoter mutation were independent risk factors for CSD (P=0.005, P=0.003, P<0.001, and P=0.002, respectively).Conclusion: DM, R/SP, CSD, and TERT promoter mutations were not uncommon in FTCs <2 cm compared to those in larger FTCs, whereas FTCs ≥6 cm showed a sharp decline in prognosis, although this was statistically insignificant.","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0