Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Early Diagnosis of Chemotherapy-Linked Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Using Conventional Biomarker Panel: A Prospective Study Protocol.","authors":"Saule Balmagambetova,&nbsp;Zhenisgul Tlegenova,&nbsp;Bekbolat Zholdin,&nbsp;Gulnara Kurmanalina,&nbsp;Iliada Talipova,&nbsp;Arip Koyshybaev,&nbsp;Dinara Nurmanova,&nbsp;Gulmira Sultanbekova,&nbsp;Mira Baspayeva,&nbsp;Saule Madinova,&nbsp;Kulparshan Kubenova,&nbsp;Ainel Urazova","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prognosis of cancer treatment depends on, among other aspects, the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy. This research aims to create a feasible algorithm for the early diagnosis of antitumor therapy cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. The paper represents a protocol for a prospective cohort study with N 120 eligible participants admitted for treatment with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. These patients will be allocated into four risk groups regarding potential cardiotoxic complications. Patients will be examined five times every three months for six biomarkers,: cardiac troponin I (cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), galectin-3 (Gal-3), and D-dimer, simultaneously with echocardiographic methods, including speckle tracking. The adjusted relative risk (aOR) of interrupting an entire course of chemotherapy due to cardiotoxic events will be assessed using multiple analyses of proportional Cox risks. The Cox model will also assess associations between baseline biomarker values and time to cardiotoxic events. Moreover, partly conditional survival models will be applied to determine associations between repeated assessments of changes in biomarkers from baseline and time to cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction. All models will be adjusted for cancer therapy regimen, baseline LVEF, groups at risk, baseline biomarker values, and age. The decision-tree and principal component analysis (PCA) methods will also be applied. Thus, feasible patterns will be detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HtrA1 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Possible Biomarker?","authors":"Giovanni Tossetta,&nbsp;Sonia Fantone,&nbsp;Rosaria Gesuita,&nbsp;Gian Carlo Di Renzo,&nbsp;Arun Meyyazhagan,&nbsp;Chiara Tersigni,&nbsp;Giovanni Scambia,&nbsp;Nicoletta Di Simone,&nbsp;Daniela Marzioni","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The high-temperature requirement A 1 (HtrA1) is a multidomain secretory protein with serine-protease activity, expressed in many tissues, including placenta, where its expression is higher in the first trimester, suggesting an association of this serine protease in early phases of human placenta development. In this study, we evaluated maternal serum HtrA1 levels in the first and third trimester of gestation. In particular, we evaluated a possible role of HtrA1 as an early marker of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the first trimester of gestation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated HtrA1 serum levels in the third trimester (36-40 weeks) in normal pregnancies (n = 20) and GDM pregnancies (n = 20) by using ELISA analysis. Secondly, we performed the same analysis by using the first trimester sera (10-12 weeks) of healthy pregnant women that will develop a normal pregnancy (n = 210) or GDM (n = 28) during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that HtrA1 serum levels in the third trimester were higher in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Interestingly, higher HtrA1 serum levels were also found in the first trimester in women developing GDM later during the second-third trimester. No significant differences in terms of maternal age and gestational age were found between cases and controls. Women with GDM shown significantly higher pre-pregnancy BMI values compared to controls. Moreover, the probability of GDM occurrence significantly increased with increasing HtrA1 levels and BMI values. The ROC curve showed a good accuracy in predicting GDM, with an AUC of 0.74 (95%CI: 0.64-0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest an important role of HtrA1 as an early predictive marker of GDM in the first trimester of gestation, showing a significative clinical relevance for prevention of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pacemaker Implantation in a Patient with Isolated Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Draining into the Left Atrium: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.","authors":"Iuliana-Claudia Totorean,&nbsp;Cristina Vacarescu,&nbsp;Dragoș Cozma,&nbsp;Constantin-Tudor Luca,&nbsp;Horea Feier,&nbsp;Mihai-Andrei Lazăr,&nbsp;Maria-Anastasia Deme,&nbsp;Svetlana Stoica,&nbsp;Diana-Aurora Arnautu,&nbsp;Dan Gaiță","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anomalies of the thoracic venous system are rare and usually discovered incidentally, but they become clinically relevant in the case of patients requiring cardiac device implantation. Persistent left superior vena cava is considered the most common venous drainage abnormality, with several anatomical variants that generate technical difficulties during pacemaker or defibrillator lead placement. We report a case of an isolated persistent left superior vena cava with abnormal drainage into the left atrium, associated with a hypoplastic right-sided superior vena cava, in a patient scheduled for permanent pacemaker implantation. Considering the patient's anatomical characteristics, a transvenous approach proved unfeasible and the procedure was successfully accomplished via the surgical placement of a left ventricle epicardial lead. We aim to emphasize the clinical importance of such venous anomalies and to discuss the practical implications and challenges derived from these types of conditions, especially in the field of electrophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strumal Carcinoid Tumor of the Ovary: Report of Rare Occurrence with Review of Literature.","authors":"Li-Ping Shen,&nbsp;An-Qiang Yang,&nbsp;Lei Jin","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary ovarian carcinoid tumor is a very rare ovarian tumor, which accounts for approximately 0.5% to 1.7% of all carcinoids and 1% of ovarian cancer. According to its histopathological features, it can be divided into four categories: insular, trabecular, strumal, and mucinous, among which insular carcinoid is common in Western countries. By comparison, the chain-typed and trabecular carcinoid seem to be common in Asian countries. To date, about 150 cases have been reported in the world, and 40% of them are strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary (SCTO), which is a highly specialized teratoma differentiated from the monomer, and often characterized by the coexistence of thyroid follicular tissue and carcinoid tissue with the neuroendocrine function. Preoperative diagnosis may be difficult due to the very insidious nature of the disease and its multiple imaging manifestations. We reported the case of a 39-year-old woman with a 5-year clinical history. Gynecologic examination and ultrasonic testing revealed an enlarged ovary with a diameter of about 60 mm, accompanied by a hypoechoic area, which was suspected to be a benign teratoma. Ca-125, AFP, free T4, TSH, and other diagnostic indicators were normal. During the laparoscopic oophorocystectomy of the left ovary, a smooth and solid tumor with the size of 6 × 6 × 5 cm was found in the right ovary. During the operation, a mature cystic teratoma containing a struma was frozen, then the oophorocystectomy of the left ovary was performed. According to the Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) in 2014, histopathological examination showed a mature teratoma with thyroid carcinoid stage Ic, and Douglas's cystic hygroma cytopathology was negative. One year after the operation, the patient was tumor-free, with Ca-125, FT4, and TSH being within the normal range. Specific diagnostic tools and serological monitoring of malignant tumors of the ovary have low specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of this rare malignant tumor of the ovary. Female patients with habitual constipation, chronic abdominal colic, diarrhea, and endocrine dysfunction also need to be alert to this rare malignant tumor of the ovary.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Performance of Deep Learning Frameworks for Malaria Parasite Detection Using Microscopic Images of Peripheral Blood Smears.","authors":"Dilber Uzun Ozsahin,&nbsp;Mubarak Taiwo Mustapha,&nbsp;Basil Bartholomew Duwa,&nbsp;Ilker Ozsahin","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria is a significant health concern in many third-world countries, especially for pregnant women and young children. It accounted for about 229 million cases and 600,000 mortality globally in 2019. Hence, rapid and accurate detection is vital. This study is focused on achieving three goals. The first is to develop a deep learning framework capable of automating and accurately classifying malaria parasites using microscopic images of thin and thick peripheral blood smears. The second is to report which of the two peripheral blood smears is the most appropriate for use in accurately detecting malaria parasites in peripheral blood smears. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our proposed model with commonly used transfer learning models. We proposed a convolutional neural network capable of accurately predicting the presence of malaria parasites using microscopic images of thin and thick peripheral blood smears. Model evaluation was carried out using commonly used evaluation metrics, and the outcome proved satisfactory. The proposed model performed better when thick peripheral smears were used with accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of 96.97%, 97.00%, and 97.00%. Identifying the most appropriate peripheral blood smear is vital for improved accuracy, rapid smear preparation, and rapid diagnosis of patients, especially in regions where malaria is endemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Analyses of Cell-Free DNA in Pancreatic Juice or Bile for Diagnosing Pancreatic Duct and Biliary Tract Strictures.","authors":"Kosuke Nagai,&nbsp;Masaki Kuwatani,&nbsp;Koji Hirata,&nbsp;Goki Suda,&nbsp;Hajime Hirata,&nbsp;Yunosuke Takishin,&nbsp;Ryutaro Furukawa,&nbsp;Kazuma Kishi,&nbsp;Hiroki Yonemura,&nbsp;Shunichiro Nozawa,&nbsp;Ryo Sugiura,&nbsp;Kazumichi Kawakubo,&nbsp;Naoya Sakamoto","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor prognosis of pancreaticobiliary malignancies is attributed to intrinsic biological aggressiveness and the lack of reliable methods for early diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and availability of pancreatic juice- and bile-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for diagnosing pancreaticobiliary stricture<b>s</b>. From October 2020 to February 2022, pancreatic juice or bile was obtained from 50 patients with pancreaticobiliary strictures during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. cfDNAs extracted from the samples were analyzed using next-generation sequencing and a cancer gene panel. The obtained cfDNAs, genetic data and clinical information were analyzed for diagnosis. cfDNA concentrations in pancreatic juice were higher in the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm group than in the other groups, whereas those in bile were similar in all groups. In pancreatic juice, the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of cfDNA analyses were 33%, 100%, 100% and 71.4%, respectively, whereas those of cytological analyses were 0%, 100%, 0% and 62.5%, respectively. In bile, those of cell-free DNA analyses were 53%, 75%, 89.5% and 28.6%, respectively, whereas those of cytological analyses were 19%, 100%, 100% and 16%, respectively. In conclusion, pancreatic juice- and bile-derived cfDNA is a novel liquid biopsy tool that can diagnose pancreaticobiliary strictures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronous Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in the Head and Tail, a Double Trouble: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Daniel Paramythiotis,&nbsp;Georgia Fotiadou,&nbsp;Eleni Karlafti,&nbsp;Ioanna Abba Deka,&nbsp;Georgios Petrakis,&nbsp;Elisavet Psoma,&nbsp;Xanthippi Mavropoulou,&nbsp;Filippos Kyriakidis,&nbsp;Smaro Netta,&nbsp;Stylianos Apostolidis","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synchronous primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is very rare and can be formed either through multicentric carcinogenesis or intrapancreatic metastasis. We report the case of an 80-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. Laboratory tests showed elevated levels of blood glucose and CA 19-9, and Computed Tomography revealed two hypoenhancing lesions in the head and tail of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound, which is the imaging method of choice for pancreatic cancer, was performed with a fine needle biopsy, and the cytological analysis diagnosed PDAC in both lesions. The patient underwent total pancreatectomy, and pathologic evaluation revealed synchronous primary PDAC with moderate to poor differentiation in the head and tail in the setting of IPMN (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia) and chronic pancreatitis. After his recovery from postoperative pulmonary embolism, the patient was discharged home with sufficient glycemic control. Multifocal PDAC occurs more often when precursor lesions, such as IPMN, pre-exist. The optimal treatment for multiple lesions spread all over the pancreas is total pancreatectomy. Diabetes mellitus is a serious complication of total pancreatectomy (new-onset or type 3c), but overall, long-term survival has been significantly improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD8 Encephalitis: A Diagnostic Dilemma.","authors":"Rohan Sharma,&nbsp;Thomas Spradley,&nbsp;Morgan Campbell,&nbsp;Shubham Biyani,&nbsp;Pulkit Singhal,&nbsp;Hisham Elkhider,&nbsp;Krishna Nalleballe,&nbsp;Murat Gokden,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar,&nbsp;Nidhi Kapoor","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CD8+ encephalitis is a subacute encephalopathy associated with HIV infection. Pathophysiology is thought to be auto-reactive CD8+ cells attacking on HIV infected CD4+ cells and 'viral escape' phenomena (replication of CD8+ cells in CSF). We present a case of a 45-year-old man with well controlled HIV who developed CD8 encephalitis following Herpes simplex encephalitis. He had persistent encephalopathy for several weeks with status epilepticus and agitated delirium, and diagnosis remained elusive until a brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40677508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based DNA Lateral Flow Assay as a Point-of-Care Diagnostic for Fast and Simultaneous Detection of MRSA and Vancomycin Resistance in Bacteremia.","authors":"Mona T Kashef,&nbsp;Omneya M Helmy","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reduce high mortality and morbidity rates, timely and proper treatment of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) bloodstream infection is required. A multiplex polymerase reaction (mPCR)-based DNA lateral flow assay (MBDLFA) was developed as a point-of-care diagnostic for simultaneous identification of <i>S. aureus</i>, methicillin resistance, and vancomycin resistance directly from blood or blood cultures. A mPCR was developed to detect <i>nuc</i>, <i>mec</i>A, and <i>van</i>A/B; its sensitivity, specificity, and limit of detection (LOD) were determined. The developed reaction was further modified for use in MBDLFA and its sensitivity for detection of target genes from artificially inoculated blood samples was checked. The optimized mPCR successfully detected <i>nuc</i>, <i>mec</i>A, and <i>van</i>A/B from genomic DNA of bacterial colonies with LODs of 10⁷, 10⁷, and 10⁵ CFU/mL, respectively. The reaction was sensitive and specific. The optimized mPCR was used in MBDLFA that detected <i>nuc</i>, <i>mec</i>A, and <i>van</i>A/B with LODs of 10⁷, 10⁸, and 10⁴ CFU/mL, respectively, directly from artificially inoculated blood. The developed MBDLFA can be used as a rapid, cheap point-of-care diagnostic for detecting <i>S. aureus</i>, MRSA, and vancomycin resistance directly from blood and blood cultures in ~2 h with the naked eye. This will reduce morbidity, mortality, and treatment cost in <i>S. aureus</i> bacteremia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40677974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Clinical Uncertainty Solved: Giant Cell Arteritis with Polymyalgia Rheumatica Swiftly Diagnosed with Long Axial Field of View PET.","authors":"Pieter H Nienhuis,&nbsp;Joyce van Sluis,&nbsp;Johannes H van Snick,&nbsp;Andor W J M Glaudemans,&nbsp;Sofie Meijering,&nbsp;Elisabeth Brouwer,&nbsp;Riemer H J A Slart","doi":"10.3390/diagnostics12112694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical presentation of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is often nonspecific. Differentiating GCA from infectious, malignant, or other autoimmune pathology based on signs, symptoms, and laboratory parameters may therefore be difficult. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging is an established tool in the diagnostic workup of GCA. An advantage of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT is its ability to assist in the differential diagnosis by being able to demonstrate infection, inflammation, and malignancy when used in conjunction with clinical and laboratory data. Downsides to the use of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT include its relatively low spatial resolution, associated radiation exposure, and the relatively long duration of imaging, causing limited availability and patient inconvenience. The advent of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT systems allows for PET imaging at a reduced imaging time or reduced tracer dose while maintaining high image quality. Here, we provide the first reported case of a patient with GCA and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) diagnosed using LAFOV PET/CT imaging. The patient presented in this case report had already been experiencing nonspecific symptoms for several years for which no cause was found. Lab investigations showed increased inflammatory parameters as well as persistent anemia. ¹⁸F-FDG LAFOV PET/CT attained high-quality images with clear signs of GCA and PMR even at 1 min of scan duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":520604,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9689496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40677976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}