Cancer causes & control : CCC最新文献

{"title":"Industrial air pollution and lung and bronchus cancer survival in New Mexico, USA.","authors":"Xi Gong, Yanhong Huang, Charles L Wiggins, Angela L W Meisner, Yan Lin, Li Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02180-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02180-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lung and bronchus cancer (LBC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. This study examines the relationship between exposure to industrial air pollution and lung and bronchus cancer survival (LBCS) in New Mexico, USA, from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included data from 18, 273 lung and bronchus cancer patients. Residential exposure to nine industrial air pollutants was estimated for each patient using the Emission Weighted Proximity Model (EWPM), which integrates industrial air emission data and air quality monitoring data form the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA). Cox proportional hazards modeling was applied to identify industrial air pollutants as decreased LBCS risk factors, adjusting for age at diagnosis, gender, cancer stage, race/ethnicity, smoking prevalence, and urbanization of residential address.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that residential exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane and cobalt during the survival period was significantly associated with decreased LBCS (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR] for 1,1,1-trichloroethane: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.09 and adjHR for cobalt: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.09) compared to those unexposed among all patients. When exposure levels were categorized into four groups (unexposed, low, medium, high) based on annual average exposure during the survival period, the associations remained consistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the negative influence of industrial air pollution on LBCS and emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions in high-exposure areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Built environment (BE) and cancer: a systematic review of the BE's impact during the treatment journey and patient outcomes.","authors":"Rafael Salas Carretero, Matteo Perillo, Antonello Lorenzini, Paolo Boffetta","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02132-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02132-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of the built environment (BE) in cancer research has been extensively explored in prevention, focusing on its influence as a determinant of exposure to carcinogens and a lifestyle shaper, particularly through geographic accessibility to resources like transportation, healthy food, and diagnostic centers. However, the BE's role and influence during the treatment period and its connection with patient outcomes remain comparatively understudied. This systematic review employed the CDC definition of BE, following PRISMA guidelines and AI-driven software (ASReview) for a thorough and efficient literature review. A total of 31 articles were identified (27 database, 4 snowballing) that examined the BE's role during the treatment phase. These studies investigated diverse BE characteristics including urban features (e.g., transportation, green environment, food environment) and architectural features (e.g., design, aesthetics) during the cancer patient treatment journey. Among the included studies, the most analyzed outcomes were Physical Activity (PA) (11 articles), followed by survival and mortality (9 articles). Findings revealed positive associations between specific BE characteristics-such as green spaces, accessibility, transportation options, and aesthetics-and cancer patients' physical activity levels, quality of life, and mental health status; however, findings are inconsistent. These results underscore the potential of integrating urban and architectural BE analysis to enhance the psychosocial dimensions of cancer treatment, improve healthcare delivery, and open new pathways for research strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel insights into obesity, race/ethnicity, and survival in early-onset colorectal cancer in Georgia.","authors":"Meng-Han Tsai, Marlo Vernon, Malcolm Bevel, Parmida Jamshidi, Jorge Cortes, Aaron Kruse-Diehr","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02178-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02178-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine how county-level obesity status affects early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) survival across racial groups and survival timeframes in Georgia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the 2010 to 2020 Georgia Cancer Registry, linked with County Health Rankings. The primary exposures were race/ethnicity and county-level obesity rates. Outcomes were survival time from diagnosis to 12, 36, and 60 months. Traditional and piecewise Cox regression models were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 6291 patients, 63.4% lived in high-obesity areas, and 53.3% were White patients. White patients living in high-obesity areas had significantly lower 3-year (76.6% vs 81.1%; p = 0.002) and 5-year (71.3% vs 75.7%; p = 0.001) survival rates. Adjusted analysis showed that patients living in high-obesity areas were 14% more likely to die from CRC than those not living in these areas at both 3- (95% CI, 1.02-1.28) and 5-year (95% CI, 1.03-1.27) intervals, whereas White patients specifically were 32% (95% CI, 1.11-1.54) and 33% (95% CI, 1.13-1.50) more likely to die from CRC. Piecewise models revealed a 29% increased risk of CRC mortality within 1-3 years (95% CI, 1.11-1.50), with subgroup analysis showing an even higher 51% risk for White patients during the same interval (95% CI, 1.21-1.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that mortality risk varies over time, with elevated risk in the first 1-3 years for White patients in high-obesity areas. Targeted efforts aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles and investing in community resources that foster healthier living may reduce early mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to exercise engagement during lung cancer treatment: a scoping review.","authors":"Matthew Beggs, Joanne Reid, Gerard G Hanna, Gillian Prue","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02177-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02177-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evidence suggests that exercising through lung cancer (LC) treatment may improve outcomes by modulating the tumor microenvironment and reducing hypoxia. However, recruitment and adherence challenges persist, limiting research progress and real-world implementation. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators that influence exercise participation among individuals with LC during cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This ScR followed the JBI ScR methodology and the PRISMA-ScR checklist, using the participants-concept-context framework to define inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed via qualitative content analysis with the themes presented in a narrative summary supported by tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded n = 24,242 results, of which twenty-five studies (n = 25) were included for data extraction. The analysis identified 31 barriers and 42 facilitators grouped into five themes: physiological status; intrapersonal factors; program design and delivery; practical, logistical, and interpersonal factors; and professional/clinical considerations. Fatigue was the most frequently cited barrier, followed by intense periods of other treatment side effects experienced throughout treatment cycles. Conversely, personalized exercise programs and peer support were the most cited facilitators. Only two studies reported fatigue and muscle soreness as adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>People with LC face many barriers that make exercising during treatment challenging. However, this review presents a list of exercise facilitators that researchers and service providers could adopt to inform the development of patient-centered exercise programs that encourage engagement, potentially leading to improved cancer treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in image-assessed abdominal adiposity and skeletal muscle and their associations with pathological characteristics in renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Ken Batai, Monica Sarker, Juan Adrover Claudio, Robert M Blew, Benjamin R Lee, Hina Arif Tiwari, Patrick Wightman, Rikki A Cannioto, Eric C Kauffman, Jennifer W Bea","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02179-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02179-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Body composition varies by race and ethnicity and influences cancer prognosis, but the associations of body composition with pathological characteristics in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unclear. This study investigated body composition variation and its association with RCC histology, tumor grade, and stage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using preoperative imaging scans, we measured area (cm²) and radiodensity of adipose tissue sub-compartments and skeletal muscle. Area measurements were normalized for height squared (cm²/m²) to calculate intermuscular, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle indices (e.g., IMATI, VATI, and SATI). Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 268 patients were included. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients, SATI was higher in Hispanic (p < 0.01) and American Indian (p < 0.05), and VATI was higher in Hispanic patients (p < 0.05). High IMATI (Quartile 4 vs 2) was associated with increased odds of clear cell subtype (OR 6.93, 95% CI:1.74-27.58), while low IMATI (Quartile 1 vs 2) was associated with reduced odds of advanced-stage (OR 0.27, 95% CI:0.10-0.72). Increase in each SATI quartile was associated with higher odds of high grade (OR 1.52, 95% CI:1.02-2.28). High visceral adipose tissue radiodensity (Quartile 4 vs 1) was associated with increased odds of advanced stage (OR 4.72, 95% CI:1.25-19.41). For all adiposity measurements, the low adiposity/low SMI phenotype was associated with high grade with about three-fold increased odds compared to the low adiposity/high SMI phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest body composition varies across racial and ethnic groups and is associated with RCC pathological characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary care continuity and breast cancer survival: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Rachel Walsh, Aisha Lofters, Patti Groome, Rahim Moineddin, Monika K Krzyzanowska, Rebecca Griffiths, Eva Grunfeld","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02176-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02176-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Primary care provider (PCP) continuity improves many health outcomes, but its impact on breast cancer survival remains unclear. We examined how baseline PCP continuity and use (in the 24 months before diagnosis) relate to overall survival in Ontario women with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Population-based, retrospective cohort study, using linked provincial-level administrative health databases and cancer registries, including 13,171 women in Ontario diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 2007 and 2012 who received curative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine the association between baseline PCP continuity and use with overall survival, determined up to 31 December 2020, adjusting for age, comorbidity, neighborhood income, and immigration status, and examined cancer stage as a potential mediator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No PCP visits in the 24 months before diagnosis were associated with worse survival (HR for death 1.27, 95% CI 1.08-1.49). For those with PCP visits, low versus high continuity was not associated with survival in our adjusted analyses (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.90-1.07). Treated linearly, each additional PCP visit in the 24 months before diagnosis, regardless of continuity, was associated with slightly worse survival (HR 1.01 per visit, 95% CI 1.00-1.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline PCP continuity was not associated with overall survival in women with breast cancer in Ontario after adjusting for potential confounders. However, having no baseline PCP visits, or having a higher overall number of baseline PCP visits were associated with lower survival. Further research can clarify whether ensuring patients have access to any PCPs at baseline or providing added support for patients with many baseline PCP visits after a breast cancer diagnosis can improve survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction models for early detection and diagnosis of lung cancer in people who have never smoked: a systematic review and critical appraisal.","authors":"Judith Burchardt, Katherine Stokes, Yohance Victory, Weiqi Liao","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02173-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02173-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Never-smokers can develop lung cancer, but this possibility is often overlooked by patients and physicians. We conducted a systematic review to identify existing prediction models that could be implemented in primary care or at a population level to facilitate early detection and diagnosis of lung cancer in never-smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was registered on PROSPERO (ref: CRD42023374471). We systematically searched literature on the Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases published before 22 January 2025, with additional hand searching. Primary care or population-level data from subjects including never-smokers had to be used for model derivation. Studies involving specialized tests (radiological or genetic) were excluded. We used CHARMS to guide data extraction and critical appraisal, the TRIPOD statement for model evaluation, and PROBAST for risk of bias assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2,431 studies retrieved, 31 models were included. Eight models were developed exclusively for never-smokers, but none were at low risk of bias. Among 23 models derived from never- and ever-smokers, five were at low risk of bias. Two were diagnostic models with 1-2 years prediction horizons, and three were prognostic models with 2-10 years prediction horizons. Methodological issues from the included studies were identified, analyzed, and discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review critically appraises and summarizes key information from currently available prediction models for lung cancer in never-smokers. The findings can inform future research to improve care and services for this underserved population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13186879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147978599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of age and U.S. acculturation factors on the relationship between allostatic load and cancer mortality risk in Hispanic Americans.","authors":"Jessica Amezcua, Valeria Miranda, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Jessica Y Islam, Marlo M Vernon, Kathleen O'Connor, Justin Xavier Moore","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02162-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02162-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite growing recognition of stress-related health inequities, the role of nativity and acculturation in shaping the relationship between chronic stress and cancer outcomes among Hispanic populations remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine whether nativity factors (United States (US) citizenship status and length of time residing in the US modify the association between allostatic load (AL), a measure of chronic physiologic stress, and cancer mortality among Hispanic adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a prospective cohort analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 - 2010, linked to National Death Index with follow-up through December 31, 2019. Survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer mortality, including interaction and age-stratified analyses by US citizenship status, length of time in the US, and country of birth. Fully adjusted models included age, sex, education, year interviewed, smoking status, history of heart attack, and congestive heart failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 7,299 Hispanic adults, 2,835 (33.4% weighted) had high AL. Among Hispanic adults aged ≥ 60 years, individuals with US citizenship and low AL (HR = 3.13; 95% CI = 1.37-7.12), as well as those with US citizenship and high AL (HR = 3.32; 95% CI = 1.18-9.35), experienced more than a three-fold increased risk of cancer mortality compared with non-US citizens with low AL. When examining AL by length of time residing in the US among Hispanic adults aged ≥ 60 years, those with low AL and more than 10 years in the US (HR = 6.32; 95% CI = 1.33-29.90) and those with high AL and more than 10 years in the US (HR = 6.34; 95% CI = 1.17-34.43) had approximately a six-fold increased risk of cancer mortality compared with adults with low AL and less than 10 years in the US.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cancer mortality risk among Hispanic adults appears to be driven primarily by older age and nativity-related factors rather than AL risk. These findings highlight the need for future research to more fully examine how structural, social, and immigration-related contexts intersect with aging to influence cancer outcomes among Hispanic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classic psychedelic and cannabis use among U.S. cancer survivors aged ≥ 50 years: nationally representative estimates by cancer type/site.","authors":"Amrit Baral, Yue Pan, WayWay M Hlaing, Albert Garcia-Romeu, Paulo S Pinheiro, Denise C Vidot","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02172-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02172-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the prevalence of lifetime (\"ever\") cannabis and classic psychedelic use, and their co-use among U.S. adults aged ≥ 50 years with versus without a lifetime history of cancer, and to describe variation by cancer type/site among survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed pooled 2015-2019 and 2021-2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data of U.S. adults aged ≥ 50 years (Unweighted; n = 42,815 for 2015-2019; n = 21,144 for 2021-2022). Lifetime cannabis and classic psychedelic (LSD, psilocybin, peyote/mescaline) use and cancer history (physician-diagnosed, self-reported) were assessed. Weighted prevalence estimates and 95% CIs were computed, and subgroup analyses by cancer type/site were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2015 and 2019, cannabis use was similar among cancer survivors (41.6%, 95% CI 40.0-43.2) and individuals without cancer (42.6%, 95% CI 42.0-43.2, p = 0.21). LSD (8.9, 95% CI 8.1-9.7 vs 10.3, 95% CI 9.8-10.8) and psilocybin (6.4, 95% CI 5.6-7.3 vs 7.7, 95% CI 7.4-8.1) were lower among cancer survivors. Any classic psychedelic use was 11.6% (95% CI 10.6-12.5) among cancer survivors versus 12.9% (95% CI 12.4-13.3) among those without cancer (p < 0.01). Lifetime use of both cannabis and classic psychedelics was lower in cancer survivors (11.2%, 95% CI 10.3-12.1) than in individuals without cancer (12.6%, 95% CI 12.2-13.1, p < 0.01). Between 2021 and 2022, overall group differences were not statistically significant. Across both periods, prevalence varied by cancer type/site, with head and neck, cervical, and hepatobiliary/pancreatic cancer survivors having the highest co-use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lifetime cannabis, classic psychedelic, and co-use patterns showed modest differences by cancer history and meaningful variation across cancer type/site. Overall, these findings suggest that substance use patterns among cancer survivors are not uniform and may differ across survivor subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-diagnosis recreational physical activity and lung cancer survival within the California teachers study.","authors":"Emily L Cauble, Mia Blanchard, Peggy Reynolds, Emma S Spielfogel, Jessica Clague DeHart","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02169-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02169-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although physical activity (PA) levels have been linked to decreased lung cancer mortality, the magnitude of associations and delineation of biological and behavioral risk factors are often inconsistent. Our study aims to address this gap by elucidating the associations of lung cancer survival while considering duration and intensity of prediagnosis PA levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated lung cancer-specific survival among 1768 women diagnosed with lung cancer in the California Teachers Study (1995-2019). PA was assessed at baseline and included lifetime PA (cumulative activity from high school through age 54) and recent PA (activity during the 3 years prior to enrollment), each quantified separately for moderate and strenuous intensity. These measures capture both long-term duration and short-term duration of PA at different intensities before diagnosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models using age as the time scale were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Similar risks of lung cancer-specific mortality were observed across most PA variables. Among ever and/or former smokers, higher levels of moderate, lifetime PA were associated with lower lung cancer mortality (HR_ever = 0.77; HR_former = 0.63). In contrast, ever and/or current smokers who engaged in intermediate to high levels of strenuous, lifetime PA had higher mortality risk (intermediate: HR_ever = 1.24; HR_former = 1.39). Among never smokers, higher strenuous, lifetime PA was associated with lower mortality risk (HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.49-0.97), while intermediate levels of strenuous, recent PA were associated with higher mortality (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.12-2.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest that smoking significantly modifies the association between physical activity and lung cancer‑specific survival. The mechanisms underlying these patterns remain uncertain, and additional research is needed to clarify how physical activity duration and intensity relate to lung cancer prognosis across smoking histories.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}