Cancer causes & control : CCC最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of an implementation support program for rural communities using a two-tiered, embedded framework.","authors":"Michelle B Shin, Thuy Vu, Manal Masud, Miriana C Duran, Ngoc Cam Escoffery, Sonia Bishop, Rachel L Winer, Linda K Ko","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02037-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02037-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluate the impact of Implementation Studio (the \"Studio\") on community-based organizations' (CBOs) EBI implementation, including changes in breast and colorectal (CRC) cancer screening status among Hispanic/Latino/a EBI recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-tiered, embedded framework consisted of 1) surveys (n = 38) comparing up-to-date breast and CRC screening status among EBI recipients pre/post-EBI delivery (Tier 1); and semi-structured interviews (n = 13 total; n = 7 leaders, n = 6 community health workers) with CBO staff assessing EBI implementation outcomes using rapid qualitative analysis methods (Tier 2) guided by Proctor's Implementation Research Outcomes Framework. Surveys and interviews were conducted in Spanish/English by phone/virtually September 2022-September 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Up-to-date screening status increased by 16.6% for breast and 19.3% for CRC screening pre/post-EBI implementation, albeit not statistically significant overall (p = 0.168). CBOs reported that implementing EBIs cultivated their confidence and enhanced CBOs' workforce capacity (acceptability). CHWs (the primary EBI implementers) proficiently used the Studio tools to adapt the EBIs to improve fit and implement them in the rural Hispanic/Latino/a communities (appropriateness). Remote delivery increased the EBI accessibility for the community (feasibility). Key drivers of costs were CHWs' time to adapt and implement EBIs (costs). CBOs expressed the need to address clients' social needs to maintain EBI's impact (sustainability).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBOs successfully implemented CHW-led EBIs, and their efforts increased up-to-date cancer screening among rural Hispanic/Latino/a community members. These findings demonstrate that Studio is a promising strategy for building CBOs' capacity to implement EBIs and increase cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV vaccination in community health organizations: what is going right and how can it be replicated?","authors":"Keely Ulmer, Kristin Lyon-Scott, Ngoc Wasson, Taona P Haderlein, Amanda Bruegl","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02040-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02040-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for individuals between 9 and 12 years of age to prevent six different cancers. Lower rates of vaccination exist among underserved populations. We evaluate rates of up-to-date (UTD) HPV vaccination within a nationwide network representing many medically underserved communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted using OCHIN, a diverse national database of over 6 million publicly or underinsured patients seen at an OCHIN clinic from January 2015 to December 2023. HPV vaccination initiation and completion rates were the primary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1,848,813 patients were included. HPV vaccination rates for all races and ethnic groups were below the Healthy People 2030 goal of 80.0%. Vaccination varied by race/ethnicity, with Hispanic individuals having the highest rates of UTD vaccination. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female genders for HPV vaccination. Odds of successful completion of the vaccine series were highest when series initiation occurred at ages 9-10 and among those with at least two clinical visits per year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HPV vaccination completion rates remain below the national goal among all ages and racial/ethnic groups in this large, nationwide cohort though all rates increased throughout the study period for most groups. Hispanic race, younger age at initiation, and higher number of clinical visits had increased odds of HPV vaccination. Notably, the gap between males and females closed. Exploration in how these clinics is appealing to the Hispanic population; caregivers of younger children and the male population should be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma mortality in the USA, 1999-2020: a 21-year population-based analysis.","authors":"Anoud Khan, Aryan Tareen, Syed Usama Ashraf, Imaan Shoaib Mufti, Maryam Karam, Fatima Ibrahim Ahmed, Syeda Neha Rasool, Rinad Akhtar, Ahrar Amin, Saqib Raza Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02038-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02038-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive liver malignancy with a persistently low 5-year survival rate of approximately 9%. In recent decades, mortality associated with ICC has increased in the USA and globally.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess national trends in ICC-related mortality in the USA from 1999 to 2020, stratified by demographic and regional characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ICC mortality data were extracted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) from 1999 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) per 100,000 population and Annual Percentage Change (APC), along with 95% confidence intervals (CI), were determined. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to examine trends across demographic groups (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and geographic regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 113,450 ICC-related deaths occurred between 1999 and 2020. The overall ICC-related AAMR steadily increased from 0.98 in 1999 to 2.04 in 2020, with an APC of 3.55. Males had higher AAMR (2.32) as compared to females (1.83). Non-Hispanic (NH) Asian or Pacific Islander had the highest AAMR (2.61), with the highest APC (4.19) recorded among NH-Black or African American individuals. Mortality rates were highest in people aged 85+, with the highest APC (4.43) observed in people aged 45-54. Wisconsin, Minnesota, Connecticut, Washington, Hawaii, and Rhode Island had approximately double the AAMR than the states that fell in the lower 10th percentile. Large metropolitan areas had the highest AAMR (4.28) compared to rural areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICC-related mortality has steadily increased in the USA over the study period. Stratified analysis reveals significant demographic and regional disparities. Understanding these patterns is essential for guiding targeted public health interventions and improving early detection and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost of colorectal cancer screening in two tribal health organizations in Alaska.","authors":"Florence K L Tangka, Sonja Hoover, Mark Krudy, Cara Brown, Susan Tessier, Willyam Hodson, Diana Redwood, Lauren Smayda, Donald Haverkamp, Michelle Poole, Sujha Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02036-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02036-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the resources required to undergo colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in two Alaska Native tribal health organizations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the cost of CRC screening at Maniilaq Association and Bristol Bay Area Health Corporation, and the communities they serve. We developed a tailored data collection tool to gather data from health clinics. We calculated the cost of screening tests and patient costs. We also conducted interviews with clinic representatives to identify contextual factors that can affect cost estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cost of fecal immunochemical tests and fecal occult blood tests ranged from $53 to $76. The cost of the colonoscopy procedure ranged from $2,600 to $4,066. Travel costs, including per diem, ranged from $1,561 to $1,740. The cost of missed work was estimated to be $1,008 for patients and medical escorts for both communities. The total cost of receiving a colonoscopy, including procedural costs, travel costs, and the cost of missed work, ranged from $5,348 to $6,635.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found the cost of the screening tests, travel costs and the cost of missed work to undergo CRC screening were higher in Alaska than national averages. Program planning could benefit from accounting for the costs and additional resources needed in Alaska due to the geography of the state and the location of providers and facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in time to breast cancer surgery in New Zealand by level of neighbourhood deprivation: a population-based study.","authors":"Leah Boyle, Olivia M Parker, Sandar Tin Tin","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02032-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02032-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The New Zealand (NZ) Faster Cancer Treatment (FCT) plan aims for equitable cancer treatment irrespective of sociodemographic factors. Research on its impact on breast cancer surgery times is limited. This study evaluates whether (1) there are differences by level of neighbourhood deprivation in time to surgery in women with early-stage (1-3a) breast cancer in NZ between 2000 and 2020 and (2) whether this association differs pre- and post- FCT implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis used Te Rēhita Mate Ūtaetae (NZ Breast Cancer Foundation National Register), a prospectively maintained national database of breast cancers. Logistic regression models evaluated differences by neighbourhood deprivation in time to surgery beyond 31 days (defined in the FCT as the longest acceptable delay in time to first treatment). Deprivation was measured using the NZ Deprivation (NZDep) Index, an area-based measure of socioeconomic deprivation in deciles (decile 1 = least deprived to decile 10 = most deprived) categorised into quintiles. Models were adjusted sequentially for potential contributing factors across five domains; demographic [age, ethnicity, urban or rural place of residence], mode of diagnosis [screening programme or symptomatic], tumour [stage, grade, receptors], treatment facility type [public/private hospital] and treatment [locoregional and systemic]. Subgroup analysis by pre- and post-FCT implementation date were undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20,322 women included in the analysis, 23.5% were in the least deprived neighborhoods (NZDep index 1-2) and 13.8% were in the most deprived neighborhoods (NZDep index 9-10) and 22.3% 21.0% 19.5% were in 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8, respectively. Overall, 73% of the women were NZ European, 10% Māori (indigenous NZ people), 7% Pacific (from the Pacific islands) and 10% were Asian. In the unadjusted model, compared to the least deprived quintile, all other NZDep index quintiles were more likely to experience delay beyond 31 days. In the maximally adjusted model, compared to the least deprived quintile, only women in the most deprived quintile were more likely to experience delay in time to surgery > 31 days (OR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.47). Key contributing factors to this reduction in OR were ethnicity and treatment facility type. A marginal but non-significant reduction in time to surgery was observed in the post-FCT period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women residing in more deprived neighborhoods experienced greater delay in time to breast cancer surgery. Despite FCT implementation, urgent action is still needed to reduce inequities by deprivation in timely access to breast cancer surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of trace elements in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Varsha Devi, Vaibhav Chaudhary, Monika Sharma, Sweta Kumari, Biplab Pal","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02041-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02041-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate cancer (PC) is a major health concern and may be influenced by trace elements (TEs) like copper, selenium, manganese, and iron. This study aimed to analyze the difference in serum levels of these TEs in PC patients versus healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search for relevant literature was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, including studies up to December 2024. Data was analyzed using RevMan software, with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for effect size. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on the method used to measure serum levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed data from 12 articles, including serum copper levels in 11, selenium in 8, manganese in 4, and iron in 6. Serum copper levels were significantly higher in PC patients compared to controls (SMD: 1.85; 95% CI [0.85, 2.86]; p = 0.0003). In contrast, serum selenium levels were substantially lower in PC patients (SMD: - 2.45; 95% CI [- 3.84, - 1.05]; p = 0.0006). Although alterations were observed in serum manganese (SMD: - 0.57; 95% CI [- 2.61, 1.47]; p = 0.58) and iron (SMD: 0.63; 95% CI [- 1.51, 2.76]; p = 0.57) levels, these changes did not reach statistical significance. Subgroup analysis based on measurement methods revealed statistically significant differences between subgroups for copper, selenium, and iron, while no substantial subgroup difference was found for manganese.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified significant changes in serum copper and selenium levels in PC patients, indicating their potential as biomarkers and enhancing our understanding of TE involvement in PC.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of family member incarceration during childhood and receipt of cancer screenings during adulthood in the United States.","authors":"Jingxuan Zhao, Kevin H Miller, Jessica Star, Priti Bandi, K Robin Yabroff","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02031-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02031-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the association between family member incarceration (FMI) during childhood and receipt of breast, colorectal, cervical, and lung cancer screenings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with and without FMI during childhood were identified from the 2020 and/or 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. Using multivariate logistic regression, we examined the associations of FMI and receipt of past year and guideline-concordant cancer screening, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, number of health conditions, state of residence, number of other adverse childhood experiences, and survey year with sequential adjustment for socioeconomic factors (educational attainment, home ownership, and health insurance coverage).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adults eligible for breast (n = 45954), colorectal (n = 25135), cervical (n = 31789), and lung (n = 3646) cancer screenings were included. Having FMI was associated with lower likelihood of receiving past year and guideline-concordant breast cancer screening [odds ratio: 0.81(0.67-0.99); 0.77(0.61-0.96)] and guideline-concordant lung cancer screening [0.44(0.24-0.80)]. The associations were attenuated with additional adjustment for socioeconomic factors [past year and guideline-concordant breast cancer screening: 0.83(0.68-1.01) and 0.81(0.65-1.02); lung cancer screening: 0.44(0.25-0.81)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Having FMI during childhood was associated with a lower likelihood of receiving breast and lung cancer screenings in adulthood. Programs to improve receipt of cancer screenings among people with FMI are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where are we now and where do we go from here? A structured literature review analyzing the current state of breast density research trends and discussions.","authors":"Gina Purdue, Sherrie Flynt Wallington, Anita K Mehta","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02029-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02029-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This structured literature review has been conducted to identify and map existing research on patient understanding of breast density, its implications for breast cancer risk, and the effects of breast density notification laws on supplemental screening and patient-provider communication. The study aimed to synthesize key research themes and identify gaps in the literature related to breast density awareness, communication, and policy impacts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The public health and medical literature were searched in the National Library of Medicine's online database, PubMed. Articles were limited to U.S.-based research projects, and specifically excluded other literature reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This examination resulted in a review of 69 articles and themes that included breast density risk, racial differences and disparities, the impact of the notification laws on knowledge and reactions regarding notification, how notification laws impacted supplemental screening, the impacts within vulnerable populations, provider knowledge, patient's understanding and perceptions, and effectiveness and comprehension of potential educational and decision aid materials used.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the review, recommendations for future research and improved communications-both patient notifications and provider training-are made.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144639559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of alcohol consumption with expression of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers in benign breast biopsy samples.","authors":"Maisey Ratcliffe, Yujing J Heng, Gabrielle M Baker, Bernard Rosner, Rulla M Tamimi, Lusine Yaghjyan","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02034-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02034-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We investigated the associations of alcohol consumption with CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers' expression in non-cancerous breast tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 312 cancer-free women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease (BBD) from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS II cohorts. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tissue microarrays (TMAs) that were created from histologically normal breast tissue. For each core, the IHC expression was assessed using semi-automated software and expressed as % of positively stained cells for each marker out of the total cell count. All expression measures were log-transformed. Alcohol consumption data was obtained from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Information on other covariates was collected on the initial questionnaire and updated biennially thereafter. We examined associations for recent (at the time of biopsy) and cumulative average alcohol consumption (from all questionnaires before the biopsy), modeled as continuous (drinks/day) and categorical (none, <1 drink/day, ≥1 drinks/day). Generalized linear regression was used to examine the associations of alcohol with each marker's log-transformed expression (in stroma and epithelium), adjusting for known breast cancer risk factors and BBD subtype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recent and cumulative average alcohol consumption were not associated with CD44, CD24, or ALDH1A1 expression in stroma (recent: p-trend = 0.69, 0.98, and 0.84, respectively; cumulative average: p-trend = 0.73, 0.63, and 0.74, respectively) or epithelium (recent: p-trend = 0.82, 0.98, and 0.39, respectively; cumulative average: p-trend = 0.96, 0.0.83, and 0.28, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that alcohol use is not associated with CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 expression in non-cancerous breast tissue from women with benign breast biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of adolescent and young adult cancer and associated disparities in cancer pattern and care in India: findings from Varanasi's population-based cancer registry, 2017-2019.","authors":"Divya Khanna, Rajesh Vishwakarma, Anand N Sharma, Atul Budukh, Rahul K Verma, Aman Riguvanshi, Fahad Mahmood, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Satyajit Pradhan","doi":"10.1007/s10552-025-02030-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-025-02030-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 represent a unique oncology demographic due to their distinct developmental needs. However, there is limited data on cancer burden and care disparities among the Indian AYAs. This study examines the burden, pattern, and disparities among AYAs in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study collected data from Varanasi's population-based cancer registry (PBCR) between 2017 and 2019. Data were analyzed for demographic, clinical, and cancer-related variables. Sex and site-specific crude, age-adjusted, and truncated rates for incidence and mortality per 100,000 population were calculated. Disparities in cancer pattern for age, sex, cancer site, and geographical region, sociodemographic and cancer care characteristics were assessed using standardized rate ratios and multivariable regression. Adjusted ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. AAIR of the leading cancer site was compared with 24 Indian PBCRs from Cancer Incidence Five data and GLOBOCAN (2022) data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 6821 cancer patients, 1105 (16.2%) were AYAs. The truncated age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) was 21 per 100,000 population, with mouth (16.5%), breast (12.2%), and tongue (6.2%) cancers leading. Oral cancer was most common cancer in male AYAs, with truncated AAIR of 9.2 per 100,000, ranking third highest among Indian PBCRs. Females had higher risks of stomach, gallbladder, and thyroid cancers. AYAs were more likely to access diagnostic and definitive treatment but faced income and employment vulnerabilities when compared with adults aged ≥ 40 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights significant cancer burden and disparities among AYAs in Varanasi. Targeted screening, tobacco control policies, and region-specific interventions, especially social support schemes, are crucial to addressing these inequities and improving outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}