Cancer causes & control : CCC最新文献

{"title":"Geographic disparities and temporal trends in aggressive prostate cancer: a SEER population-based analysis (2004-2022).","authors":"Yifei Xu, Ayush Singh, Eric Li, Nicholas George Zaorsky, Nathaniel Geyer, Yifan Yang, Yanxu Yang, Alicia C McDonald, Lijun Zhang, Ming Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02267-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02267-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prostate cancer burden may be amplified in rural regions or Appalachia areas, where access to screening and healthcare may be limited. This study examined geographic disparities and temporal trends in aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer across four groups defined by rurality and Appalachian status, while assessing assessed racial differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) including newly diagnosed prostate cancer men aged ≥40 years (2004-2022). Age-adjusted incidences of more aggressive and metastatic cases were estimated for each geographical region. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate geographic and racial disparities in risk of more aggressive cases, adjusting for demographic and clinical factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 951,965 eligible cases. Overall prostate cancer incidence declined in most regions, with a decrease in rural Appalachia (Annual percent changes [APC] = - 1.7%; 95% CI: [- 2.98%, - 0.42%]). Incidence of more aggressive cases increased over time particularly in urban Appalachia (APC = 2.73%; 95% CI: [1.20%, 4.65%]). For metastatic cases, urban Appalachia had the lowest overall incidence and rural non-Appalachia the highest, and rates increased across regions after 2020. In multivariable regression, geographic patterns differed by race. Among White men, compared with urban non-Appalachia, the odds of more aggressive prostate cancer were higher in rural non-Appalachia and rural Appalachia but lower in urban Appalachia. However, among Black men, those residing in rural Appalachia had significantly lower odds than those residing in urban non-Appalachia. Older age, Hispanic ethnicity, higher serum PSA, and lymph node-positive status were also associated with higher odds of more aggressive prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prostate cancer burden and severity varied by Appalachian status and rurality, supporting targeted, region- and race-specific strategies to improve early detection and access to high-quality care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer history, rural residence, and genetic cancer risk testing engagement among U.S. adults.","authors":"Minjee Lee, Dongyu Zhang, Meng-Han Tsai","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02260-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02260-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Using nationally representative data from the 2023 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), this cross-sectional study examined whether personal cancer history and rural residence were associated with engagement in genetic cancer risk testing among U.S. adults aged 18 years or older.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genetic testing engagement was categorized as both provider discussion and test uptake (both), discussion only, uptake only, or no engagement (neither). Multinomial logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each engagement category relative to no engagement, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates. Overall cancer history by rurality interactions were evaluated using survey-weighted Wald tests in unadjusted and adjusted multinomial models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 27,558 adults, 90.5% reported no engagement, 3.3% reported both, 4.3% reported discussion only, and 1.9% reported uptake only. Personal cancer history was strongly associated with all engagement categories, with the largest adjusted association observed for both (OR = 5.08, 95% CI 4.19-6.15), followed by discussion only (OR = 2.66, 95% CI 2.24-3.17) and uptake only (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.14-2.15). Rural residence was associated with lower odds of both and uptake only in unadjusted models, but these associations attenuated after covariate adjustment. The overall cancer history by rurality interaction was statistically significant in both unadjusted (p = 0.008) and adjusted (p = 0.005) models. In stratified analyses, cancer history was associated with all engagement categories among rural adults, including uptake only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personal cancer history was strongly associated with genetic cancer risk testing engagement, and this association varied by residential context. The rural uptake-only pattern should be considered hypothesis-generating because interaction tests were model-level rather than outcome-specific. Studies with richer measurement of test source, ordering context, and provider involvement are needed to clarify rural engagement pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in hepatitis B virus seroprevalence in a large cohort of adult cancer patients from 2010 to 2023.","authors":"Marina Rossi de Camargo Pinto, Victória Gonçalves de Paula, Débora Bignotto Rosane Battaglia, Rafael de Oliveira, Gustavo Manoel Ferreira, Caroline Manchiero, Bianca Peixoto Dantas, Fátima Mitiko Tengan, Edson Abdala, Mariana Cavalheiro Magri","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02262-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02262-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses increased risks for cancer patients due to immunosuppression and potential viral reactivation. We evaluated the seroprevalence and temporal trends of HBV exposure in a large cohort of cancer patients in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult patients who underwent anti-HBc testing at a quaternary oncology center between 2010 and 2023 were included in this retrospective study, and HBV exposure was defined as anti-HBc positivity. Temporal trends were assessed by using linear regression, whereas associated factors were evaluated by using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anti-HBc testing was performed in 22.9% (28,869/125,985) of admitted cancer patients, and seroprevalence was 13.4% (3,857/28,869), declining from 16.5 in 2010 to 9.9% in 2023 (p < 0.001). Decreasing trends were observed across sexes and age groups (p < 0.001 for both), with a more pronounced decline among men (25.1%-12.3%). Seroprevalence also decreased significantly among White patients (16.7%-7.9%; p < 0.001) and those with solid tumors (18.8%-9.0%; p < 0.001), but not among non-White individuals (21.4%-17.7%; p = 0.246) or those with hematological malignancies (13.1%-12.8%; p = 0.136). Age ≥ 60 years (OR = 4.40; 95%CI: 3.77-5.12; p < 0.001), men (OR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.76-2.04; p < 0.001), and non-White ethnicity/color (OR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.15-1.35; p < 0.001) were independently associated with HBV exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the declining seroprevalence over time, HBV exposure remains common among cancer patients, as persistent disparities across demographic groups underscore the need for expanded vaccination and systematic screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age- and latency-specific patterns of subsequent malignant brain and other nervous system tumors after cancer diagnosed before age 40 years.","authors":"Xiaoxin Wu, Huadong Liang, Qianqian Wu, Xinjing Li","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02265-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-026-02265-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe age- and latency-specific patterns of excess incidence of malignant brain and other nervous system tumors after cancer diagnosed before age 40 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied first primary malignancies other than brain and other nervous system cancers in SEER 8 (1975-2023). Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) compared observed with population-expected events across diagnosis age groups and latency intervals. A supplementary competing risk analysis estimated cumulative incidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 276,844 individuals contributing 3,970,462 person-years, 345 tumors occurred versus 236.97 expected (SIR, 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-1.62; excess absolute risk [EAR], 2.72 per 100,000 person-years). SIRs were 5.20 at ages 0-14, 1.84 at 15-19, 1.17 at 20-29, and 1.23 at 30-39 years. Age patterns varied by latency (interaction p = .0012). At 10 or more years, the childhood SIR was 4.64 (95% CI, 3.22-6.49). The 20-year cumulative incidence after the 2-month landmark was 0.257% (95% CI, 0.193-0.341%) after childhood cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based descriptive analysis, childhood cancer survivors had the greatest relative excess incidence, which remained evident beyond 10 years. Absolute excess and cumulative incidence were small. Joint assessment of diagnosis age and latency characterized patterns obscured by the overall estimate.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Have we gotten better at diagnosing PDAC before it is too late?: Temporal trends in stage at diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the United States.","authors":"Dina Hauptschein, Paul Kang, Surabhi Amar","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02266-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02266-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers in the United States, with most patients not being diagnosed until they present with symptomatic, advanced-stage disease. National trends in stage-specific PDAC incidence were analyzed to assess trends in stage-at-diagnosis over time and to evaluate whether advances in diagnosis and high-risk screening programs have helped shift detection towards earlier stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients diagnosed with PDAC between the years 2004 and 2023 were included. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 people. Trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to estimate the average annual percent change (AAPC). Multivariable Negative Binomial regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with stage-specific cases, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and calendar year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between the years 2004 and 2023, age-adjusted incidence rates of localized, regional, and distant-stage PDAC were 1.04, 1.26, and 4.94 per 100,000 population, respectively. Localized PDAC demonstrated the greatest increase over time, with an AAPC of 6.00% (95% CI: 4.96-7.49; p < 0.001), while distant-stage disease exhibited a small increase over time (AAPC 1.11%; 95% CI: 1.02-1.21; p < 0.001) and regional-stage disease did not change significantly (AAPC 0.27%; 95% CI: -1.18 to 1.92; p = 0.62). Localized-stage incidence accelerated further after approximately 2015, with APC increasing to 14.7% between 2015 and 2019. Similar localized-stage increases were observed across sex and racial/ethnic subgroups. In multivariable Negative Binomial regression, increasing age and Non-Hispanic Black race were associated with higher PDAC incidence, while female sex was associated with lower regional and distant incidence rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest a stage shift toward increased diagnosis of localized PDAC over time. These trends may reflect improvements in imaging, surveillance of high-risk individuals, advances in endoscopic detection, and increasing diagnostic intensity, although rising underlying PDAC burden may also contribute. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether these trends ultimately translate into meaningful improvements in survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood socioeconomic status in relation to mortality rates of gastrointestinal cancers among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations in California.","authors":"Austin Lui, Meg McKinley, Abhiraj Sanku, Melody Wang, Maria Lugue, Katherine Ngo, Erin L Van Blarigan, Iona Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02261-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02261-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for approximately 24% of all cancer deaths in the United States (US). Demographic and socioeconomic status (SES) factors have been associated with mortality in GI cancers. However, the associations between GI cancer mortality and neighborhood SES (nSES) among non-Hispanic Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations in California have not been investigated. This study examined GI cancer mortality rates by nSES among AANHPI adults in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The California Cancer Registry, part of the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute, was used to identify AANHPI males and females who died of GI cancers from 2008 through 2012. GI cancer deaths were defined by the following sites: colorectum, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, and anus or anal canal. Each death was assigned a nSES index using the 2010 US Census data. Age-adjusted mortality rates of GI cancer and mortality rate ratios (MRR) as well as 95% confidence intervals by nSES quintiles were calculated for a 5-year period from 2008 through 2012. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex and cancer site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5,153 cases were included in the final study population for analysis. Among all AANHPI males and females, those residing in the lowest nSES quintile had a 1.31-fold higher MRR of GI cancers compared to those in the highest nSES quintile (Q1 vs. Q5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19-1.45). This positive association was observed in both males and females, although not statistically significant in females (males: nSES Q1 vs. Q5 MRR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.31-1.71; females: nSES Q1 vs. Q5 MRR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.96-1.29). Similar patterns of associations were seen across specific GI cancer sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AANHPI adults in California residing in lower nSES neighborhoods experienced higher GI cancer mortality compared with those in higher nSES areas. Future studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and identify actionable strategies to mitigate nSES-related inequities in GI cancer outcomes in the AANHPI population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency diagnosis of multiple myeloma: a SEER-Medicare study.","authors":"Atinuke G Oyinbo, Saif Al Amin, Matthew R LeBlanc, Staci A Keene, Sharon Peacock Hinton, Allison W Kurian, Sandi L Pruitt, Nicholas Pettit, Megan A Mullins, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Caroline A Thompson","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02263-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-026-02263-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Non-specific presenting symptoms make multiple myeloma (MM) one of the most difficult hematologic cancers to diagnose, increasing the risk of late diagnosis and emergency presentation (EP). We examined the frequency of EP in MM, estimated associations between EP and patient-level factors, and MM symptom-related healthcare utilization in the year before diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied Medicare beneficiaries age ≥ 66 years diagnosed with MM between 2008 and 2017. Emergency presentation (EP) was defined as diagnosis preceded by a recent ED visit, sub-classified as: inpatients (EP-IP) for subsequently admitted patients and outpatients (EP-OP) for those discharged for follow-up care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 20,437 patients, 52% were male, 75% non-Hispanic White (NHW), and the median age was 76. Overall, 37% were diagnosed through involvement with the ED (EP-IP: 30%; EP-OP: 7%). In iteratively adjusted models, oldest age, female sex, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Asian American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander race and ethnicity, unmarried status, dual eligibility for Medicaid and Medicare, lowest county SES, rurality, frailty, and higher healthcare use in the year pre-diagnosis were associated with higher frequency of ED involvement in diagnosis. Symptom-related healthcare utilization was comparable among EP and non-EP groups in the year preceding MM diagnosis but markedly increased for the EP group in the month before diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than one-third of older US adults with MM are diagnosed through EP. Several socio-demographic, clinical and healthcare utilization factors are associated with EP. Similarities in healthcare utilization across EP status in the months preceding diagnosis suggest missed opportunities for earlier detection of MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning model for distinguishing gastric cancer from intestinal metaplasia in patients with psychological symptoms.","authors":"Shi-Ran Wang, Yu-Quan Mao, Guo-Jie Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02251-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-026-02251-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop and internally evaluate an interpretable machine learning model for distinguishing current gastric cancer (GC) from intestinal metaplasia (IM) among patients with psychological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study included 302 patients with psychological symptoms, comprising 185 with IM and 117 with GC. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 212) and an independently retained validation cohort (n = 90). Candidate features were evaluated using LASSO, Boruta, and recursive feature elimination. Seven machine learning algorithms were compared using nested cross-validation in the training cohort. The final model was assessed in the validation cohort using discrimination, calibration, decision curve analysis, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven features were retained: age, albumin, sex, psychological symptom type, total bilirubin, smoking status, and monocyte count. XGBoost achieved the highest mean outer-fold AUC (0.839 ± 0.029) and was selected as the final model. In the validation cohort, XGBoost achieved an AUC of 0.793 (95% CI 0.670-0.895), accuracy of 0.800, sensitivity of 0.657, specificity of 0.891, and F1 score of 0.719. The Brier score was 0.167. Decision curve analysis suggested potential clinical net benefit. SHAP analysis identified age and psychological symptom type as the leading contributors to classification.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The interpretable XGBoost model showed moderate discrimination for distinguishing current GC from IM and may provide supplementary information for clinical assessment. It should not replace endoscopic or histopathological diagnosis, and external multicenter validation is required before broader clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing gastric cancer and time-to-first treatment among non-Hispanic American Indian Alaska Native and white patients in North Carolina.","authors":"Madison T Uhrin, Bradford E Jackson, Christopher D Baggett, Lisa P Spees, Joel A Begay, Meira Epplein, Stephanie B Wheeler, Ronny A Bell, Marc A Emerson","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02254-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-026-02254-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the gastric cancer burden among non-Hispanic American Indian Alaska Native (NHAIAN) and White (NHW) individuals in North Carolina to provide a baseline assessment of the gastric cancer burden in North Carolina.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (2003-2021) were used to construct gastric cancer diagnosis (NHAIAN n = 111; NHW n = 7,685) and treatment (NHAIAN n = 97; NHW n = 6,040) cohorts. Race-stratified patient characteristics were summarized. We evaluated unadjusted associations between patient characteristics and receipt of no treatment and the multivariable-adjusted association risk ratio (RR) between race and no treatment using modified Poisson regression. Race-specific cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) for treatment initiation were estimated with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted for key covariates using inverse probability weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NHAIANs were diagnosed at a younger age (65 vs 68 years; p = 0.006), with non-cardia cancer (80 vs 62%; p < 0.001), at a later stage (36 vs 32%; p = 0.021), and lived in an area with a lower residential population density than NHW gastric cancer patients (76 vs 26%; p < 0.001). The risk of not initiating treatment was higher among NHAIANs compared to NHWs (RR = 1.13 (95% CI = [0.87, 1.47]; p= 0.34). The CIF for treatment initiation was consistently lower for NHAIANs with a significant difference at 30 days (CIF difference = -0.09; 95% CI = [-0.17, -0.01]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHAIAN gastric cancer patients in North Carolina were diagnosed younger, at more advanced stages, and had a lower cumulative probability of initiating treatment within the first year after diagnosis compared to NHWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between activities of daily living, frailty, and care dependency in older adults with lung cancer.","authors":"Hülya Bulut, Kader Mert","doi":"10.1007/s10552-026-02259-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-026-02259-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional status and frailty are important factors associated with care dependency in older adults with lung cancer. This study aimed to examine the associations between activities of daily living, frailty, and care dependency in older adults with lung cancer (LC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1 and May 31, 2025, using face-to-face interviews with older adults diagnosed with LC who were hospitalized at a training and research hospital in İzmir, Türkiye. The sample consisted of 410 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form, Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale, Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), and Care Dependency Scale (CDS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 70.79 ± 4.26 years and 76.3% were male. Multiple regression analysis revealed that higher ADL scores were independently associated with higher CDS scores (B = 2.344, β = 0.309, p < .001), whereas higher EFS scores were independently associated with lower CDS scores (B = -2.391, β = -0.652, p < .001). The regression model explained 81.5% of the variance in care dependency (adjusted R² = 0.815, p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both functional status and frailty were independently associated with care dependency in older adults with lung cancer. Greater functional independence was associated with lower care dependency, whereas higher frailty was associated with greater care dependency.</p><p><strong>Implications for cancer survivors: </strong>Integrating routine frailty screening and functional assessment into oncogeriatric care may enable early identification of high-risk individuals and support targeted interventions aimed at preserving independence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520579,"journal":{"name":"Cancer causes & control : CCC","volume":"37 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}