Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)最新文献

{"title":"A novel ADC targeting cell surface fibromodulin in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Mozhan Haji Ghaffari,&nbsp;Miganoosh Simonian,&nbsp;Ali Salimi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Mirzadegan,&nbsp;Niloufar Sadeghi,&nbsp;Mohammad-Reza Nejadmoghaddam,&nbsp;Nasim Ebrahimnezhad,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Fazli,&nbsp;Ramina Fatemi,&nbsp;Ali-Ahmad Bayat,&nbsp;Mohammadali Mazloomi,&nbsp;Hodjattallah Rabbani","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01393-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01393-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are highly aggressive and metastatic. To date, finding efficacious targeted therapy molecules might be the only window of hope to cure cancer. Fibromodulin (FMOD), is ectopically highly expressed on the surface of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and bladder carcinoma cells; thus, it could be a promising molecule for targeted therapy of cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate cell surface expression of FMOD in two TNBC cell lines and develop an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) to target FMOD positive TNBC in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two TNBC-derived cell lines 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 were used in this study. The specific binding of anti-FMOD monoclonal antibody (mAb) was evaluated by flow cytometry and its internalization was verified using phAb amine reactive dye. A microtubulin inhibitor Mertansine (DM1) was used for conjugation to anti-FMOD mAb. The binding efficacy of FMOD-ADC was assessed by immunocytochemistry technique. The anti-FMOD mAb and FMOD-ADC apoptosis induction were measured using Annexin V-FITC and flow cytometry. Tumor growth inhibition of anti-FMOD mAb and FMOD-ADC was evaluated using BALB/c mice injected with 4T1 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that both anti-FMOD mAb and FMOD-ADC recognize cell surface FMOD molecules. FMOD-ADC could induce apoptosis in 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. In vivo tumor growth inhibition was observed using FMOD-ADC in 4T1 inoculated BALB/c mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggests high cell surface FMOD expression could be a novel bio-marker TNBCs. Furthermore, FMOD-ADC could be a promising candidate for targeting TNBCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"1121-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40708122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of short-term outcomes between pedicled- and free-flap autologous breast reconstruction: a nationwide inpatient database study in Japan.","authors":"Ryo Karakawa,&nbsp;Takaaki Konishi,&nbsp;Hidehiko Yoshimatsu,&nbsp;Yuma Fuse,&nbsp;Yohei Hashimoto,&nbsp;Hiroki Matsui,&nbsp;Kiyohide Fushimi,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Yano,&nbsp;Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01386-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01386-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the increasing popularity of autologous breast reconstruction, limited evidence is available. The aim of the present study was to compare the short-term outcomes of pedicled- and free-flap breast reconstructions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a nationwide Japanese inpatient database, we identified 13,838 patients who underwent breast reconstruction for breast cancer (July 2010-March 2020) using a pedicled or free-flap (pedicled- and free-flap groups, n = 8279 and 5559, respectively). One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to compare the occurrence of postoperative complications, duration of anesthesia, length of stay, and total costs between the two groups. We also performed subgroup analyses stratified by hospital volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The propensity score-matched analysis involving 3524 pairs showed that the pedicled-flap group had significantly lower proportions of takeback (2.1% vs. 3.2%, p < 0.001), thrombosis (0.6% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.001), and postoperative bleeding (2.1% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.001) than the free-flap group. No significant differences were found in wound dehiscence or tissue necrosis. Compared to the free-flap group, the pedicled-flap group had a short duration of anesthesia (412 vs. 647 min, p < 0.001) and low total hospitalization costs (12 662 vs. 17 247 US dollars, p < 0.001) but a prolonged postoperative length of stay (13 vs. 12 days, p < 0.001). The subgroup analyses showed results compatible with those of the main analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large nationwide cohort of patients who underwent breast reconstruction, pedicled-flap reconstruction was associated with fewer postoperative complications (excluding necrosis and wound dehiscence) and lower hospitalization costs but a longer postoperative length of stay than free-flap reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"1067-1075"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40626335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurospora crassa is a potential source of anti-cancer agents against breast cancer.","authors":"Rui Han,&nbsp;Hongxing Yang,&nbsp;Changquan Ling,&nbsp;Lingeng Lu","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01383-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01383-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are an excellent source of pharmaceuticals including anti-tumor agents. Neurospora crassa generates metabolites with diverse structural classes, however, its potential as an anti-tumor agent source has not been explored. The purpose of this study aimed to investigate the potential of Neurospora crassa mixture against breast cancer. The in vitro T-47D and MDA-MB-231 experiments showed that N. crassa mixture at the concentrations of both 1.7 and 0.85 µg/ml significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and 3D spheroid formation. However, the inhibition rates of MCF-10A ranged 10-20% at concentrations of 0.85 and 1.7 µg/ml. The mixture at the concentration of 0.85 µg/ml could significantly downregulate the expressions of transcription factors of E2F1 and E2F3, cancer stem cell-related genes of LIN28, HIWI, and CD133, and onco-lncRNA HOTAIR, and increase CASP3 activity in either T-47D or MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cell lines. In vivo breast cancer C3H mouse model results showed that N. crassa mixture significantly inhibited tumor growth. These findings suggest that N. crassa contains an antitumor component(s) against breast cancer invasiveness, which may inhibit the self-renewal and differentiation of breast cancer stem cells possibly by downregulating cancer stem cell-associated and/or transcription factor genes and oncogenes, and promoting apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"1032-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40625002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis in breast surgery: a meta-analysis to identify the optimal strategy to reduce infection rates in breast surgery.","authors":"Benyamin Alam,&nbsp;Amir Reza Akbari,&nbsp;Bader Alali,&nbsp;Edwin Thankan,&nbsp;Shaida Ekhlacy","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01387-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01387-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Intro: </strong>Breast surgeries are an increasingly frequent operation, with an exponential rise in breast cancer diagnoses, and women opting for cosmetic surgeries. SSIs are the most common post-operative complication with many negative consequences including sepsis and even death. These are treated with prophylactic antibiotics prior to surgery. Breast surgery is currently defined as 'clean', although literature indicates that the infection rate is higher than should be expected for this classification. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate whether pre-operative antibiotics reduce SSI frequency and which class of antibiotics achieve the best reduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search through online libraries was used to find clinical trials investigating pre-breast-surgery antibiotics and SSI frequency. These were grouped all together and separately by class of antibiotics. Additionally studies investigating breast cancer surgeries and non-cancer surgeries were grouped separately. A forest-plot was created for each group to calculate an estimated effect, these were then compared against each other.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Use of antibiotics resulted in a reduction in SSI frequency by 3.55% overall, and reduced frequency in all types of surgeries performed. Cephalosporins reduced SSI frequency by 2.23%, Beta-lactamase inhibitors 4.17% and macrolides achieved the greatest effect with a 14.58% reduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis proves that antibiotics reduce SSI frequency in breast surgery and supports the notion to remove the 'clean' classification. This definition may result in failure to provide prophylaxis, resulting in patients suffering from preventable SSIs and their negative consequences. Macrolides were the most effective followed by beta-lactamase inhibitors and cephalosporins, this may be implemented in structuring new guidelines favouring use of macrolides before conducting breast surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"945-956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40621836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of Trop-2 expression in breast cancer cells by clinically used therapeutic agents and acquired tamoxifen resistance.","authors":"Jing Zhu,&nbsp;Wenwen Wu,&nbsp;Yukiko Togashi,&nbsp;Naoe Taira Nihira,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Johmura,&nbsp;Dajiang Zhu,&nbsp;Makoto Nakanishi,&nbsp;Yasuo Miyoshi,&nbsp;Tomohiko Ohta","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01389-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01389-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sacituzumab govitecan is an antibody-drug conjugate that delivers SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, to the target molecule, trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2). It is a promising drug for triple-negative breast cancer and is anticipated to be effective for luminal breast cancer. The efficacy of the agent relies on the expression of Trop-2 rather than its intracellular function. However, conditions that alter the Trop-2 expression have not been well investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We tested a range of clinically related treatments for their effect on Trop-2 expression in cultured breast cancer cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of Trop-2 differed among cell lines, independent of their subtypes, and was highly variable on treatment with kinase inhibitors, tamoxifen, irradiation, and chemotherapeutic agents including irinotecan. While inhibitors of AKT, RSK, and p38 MAPK suppressed the Trop-2 expression, tamoxifen treatment significantly increased Trop-2 expression in luminal cancer cell lines. Notably, luminal cancer cells with acquired resistance to tamoxifen also exhibited higher levels of Trop-2. We identified transcription factor EB (TFEB) as a possible mechanism underlying tamoxifen-induced elevation of Trop-2 expression. Tamoxifen triggers dephosphorylation of TFEB, an active form of TFEB, and the effect of tamoxifen on Trop-2 was prevented by depletion of TFEB. A luciferase reporter assay showed that Trop-2 induction by TFEB was dependent on a tandem E-box motif within the Trop-2 promoter region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, these results suggest that the effectiveness of sacituzumab govitecan could be altered by concomitant treatment and that tamoxifen could be a favorable agent for combined therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"1076-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9587948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40556503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids in relation to the risk of breast cancer.","authors":"Saeedeh Nouri-Majd,&nbsp;Asma Salari-Moghaddam,&nbsp;Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal,&nbsp;Leila Azadbakht,&nbsp;Ahmad Esmaillzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01379-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01379-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given that, studies on the association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) with risk of cancers, especially breast cancer, are limited, we aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of BCAAs and risk of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was performed on Iranian women aged ≥ 30 years from July 2013 to July 2015. Overall 1050 women including 350 patients and 700 controls were included. Breast cancer was diagnosed by physical examination, mammography and pathological confirmation. We assessed dietary intakes using the validated 106-item Willett-format semi-quantitative dish-based food frequency questionnaire. The total intake of valine, leucine, and isoleucine from all food items in the questionnaire was used to calculate BCAAs intake. To estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), we used logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After controlling for potential confounders, we found that women in the highest quartile of BCAAs had lower odds of breast cancer compared with the first quartile (OR: 0.50; 95% CI 0.34-0.72). When we stratified the analysis based on menopausal status, a significant inverse association between BCAAs intake and odds of postmenopausal breast cancer was observed (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.13-0.39), although this significant relationship was not found in premenopausal breast cancer (OR: 2.57; 95% CI 0.51-12.73). Also, this significant association was also observed for valine, leucine, and isoleucine separately.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that higher dietary intake of BCAAs was significantly associated with a reduced risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"993-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40476550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic values of clinical and molecular features in HER2 low-breast cancer with hormonal receptor overexpression: features of HER2-low breast cancer.","authors":"Mengdi Chen,&nbsp;Weilin Chen,&nbsp;Deyue Liu,&nbsp;Weiguo Chen,&nbsp;Kunwei Shen,&nbsp;Jiayi Wu,&nbsp;Li Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01364-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01364-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer was considered as a distinct subtype different from HER2-zero breast cancer. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic values of clinicopathological features and recurrence score (RS) in HER2-low and HER2-zero hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2099 HR + primary female breast cancer patients diagnosed between Jan 2009 and Jan 2019 were collected. Tumors with immunohistochemistry 1 + /2 + and negative in situ hybridization results were defined as HER2-low. We compared the clinical and genetical features of HER2-low (n = 1732) and HER2-zero (n = 367) breast cancer and their prognostic values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estrogen receptor (ER) high expression (> 90%) was more common in HER2-low breast cancer than HER2-zero breast cancer (78.2% vs 58.6%, p < 0.01). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was similar between HER2-zero and HER2-low subgroups (92.3% vs 93.3%, p = 0.83). The predictive value of RS was only significant in HER2-zero patients (p = 0.03). The proliferation-related genes performed well in predicting DFS in HER2-zero patients, but not in HER2-low patients (p for interaction < 0.01). The higher HER2 module score was correlated with worse DFS only in HER2-low patients (p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed similar survival outcomes between HER2-low and HER2-zero HR + patients. HER2-low patients had a higher proportion of ER high expressed tumors than HER2-zero patients did. RS and its proliferation module might be less clinically meaningful to HER2-low patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"844-853"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9385837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40151556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment trends and identification of primary breast tumors after surgery in occult breast cancer: a study based on the Japanese National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry.","authors":"Mitsuo Terada,&nbsp;Minoru Miyashita,&nbsp;Hiraku Kumamaru,&nbsp;Hiroaki Miyata,&nbsp;Kenji Tamura,&nbsp;Masayuki Yoshida,&nbsp;Etsuyo Ogo,&nbsp;Masayuki Nagahashi,&nbsp;Sota Asaga,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Kojima,&nbsp;Takayuki Kadoya,&nbsp;Kenjiro Aogi,&nbsp;Naoki Niikura,&nbsp;Kotaro Iijima,&nbsp;Naoki Hayashi,&nbsp;Makoto Kubo,&nbsp;Yutaka Yamamoto,&nbsp;Hiromitsu Jinno","doi":"10.1007/s12282-022-01348-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-022-01348-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occult breast cancer (OBC) is classified as carcinoma of an unknown primary site, and the adequate therapy for OBC remains controversial. This retrospective study aimed to reveal the transition in breast cancer therapy and the frequency of primary breast tumors after resection in clinical OBC (cT0N+) patients using the Japanese Breast Cancer Registry database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled OBC patients with cT0N+ from the registry between 2010 and 2018. On the basis of the period of diagnosis, OBC patients were divided into the following two groups: 2010-2014 and 2015-2018. We described the transition in treatments and tumor characteristics. After breast resection, the frequency of pathological identification of primary tumors and tumor sizes was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 687,468 patients registered, we identified 148 cT0N+ patients with a median age of 61 years. Of these patients, 64.2% (n = 95) received breast surgery (2010-2014: 79.1%, 2015-2018: 50.0%). Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 92.6% (n = 137, 2010-2014: 91.6%, 2015-2018: 93.4%). The breast tumor size in the resected breast was 0-7.0 cm (median: 0 cm, 2010-2014: 0-7.0 cm [median: 0 cm], 2015-2018: 0-6.2 cm [median: 0 cm]). The pathological identification rate of the primary tumor was 41.1% (n = 39, 2010-2014: 40.4%, 2015-2018: 42.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breast surgery for cT0N+ decreased between 2010 and 2018. Despite the high identification rate of primary tumors, most tumors were small, and there was no significant change in the identification rate or invasive diameter of the identified tumors after 2010.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"698-708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40314319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of primary lung cancer after breast cancer radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Bushra Zareie,&nbsp;Mohammad Aziz Rasouli,&nbsp;Jalal Poorolajal","doi":"10.1007/s12282-021-01318-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01318-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological studies have shown that the risk of secondary malignancies may increase by radiotherapy. Lung cancer is the most important long-term complication of breast cancer radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Major electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were searched. All cohort studies that investigated the association between radiotherapy for breast cancer and risk of primary lung, bronchus, and trachea cancers conducted until March 2021 were included. The study participants were evaluated regardless of their age and ethnicity. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the studies. The designated effects were risk ratio (RR). The random-effects model was used to estimate the average effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies including 1,640,247 women with primary breast cancer were identified of which 937,151 had not received radiotherapy and 703,096 subjects had received radiotherapy. In general, there was no significant association between breast cancer radiotherapy and lung cancer based on 10 studies (RR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.87-1.02, P = 0.15), There was no association between breast cancer radiotherapy and lung, bronchus, and trachea cancers either based on 5 studies (RR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.93-1.02, P = 0.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiotherapy for breast cancer is not associated with an excess risk of lung cancer. Due to the limited number of studies, lack of data regarding smoking status, and substantial variation in exposure of the lungs in breast cancer radiotherapy worldwide, further investigations based on randomized controlled trials are suggested to address the potential risk of lung cancer after breast cancer radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39866558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The involvement of axillary reverse mapping nodes in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer.","authors":"M Noguchi,&nbsp;M Inokuchi,&nbsp;M Yokoi-Noguchi,&nbsp;E Morioka","doi":"10.1007/s12282-021-01300-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-021-01300-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) was developed to preserve the lymphatic drainage from the upper arm during sentinel lymph-node (SLN) biopsy or axillary lymph-node dissection (ALND). However, the oncological safety of ARM has been controversial because of not infrequent involvement of ARM nodes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with clinically negative nodes (cN0) underwent SLN biopsy and ARM. SLNs were identified using blue dye and radioisotope, and ARM nodes were traced using the fluorescent method. Patients with positive SLN underwent the standard ALND. After surgery, they were followed up for more than 3 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 507 patients with cN0 breast cancer were enrolled between May 2009 and November 2017. SLNs were identified in 499 (98%) of 507 patients, and ARM nodes were identified in 159 (31%) patients in the SLN field. The crossover rate of SLN-ARM nodes was 28%. Among 95 patients with positive SLNs, 70 patients underwent conventional ALND. ARM nodes were identified in 65 (93%) of those patients in the ALND field. The mean number of removed ARM nodes was 7.2 (range 0-25) in patients who underwent the standard ALND. Although ARM nodes were involved in 18 of 65 patients, the involved ARM nodes were the same SLNs identified in 14 (78%) patients. Since SLN-ARM nodes should be removed, ARM nodes were involved only in 4 (5.7%) patients after SLN biopsy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Except for positive SLN-ARM nodes, the involvement of ARM nodes is infrequent in patients with positive SLN.</p>","PeriodicalId":520574,"journal":{"name":"Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":" ","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39475054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}