Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM最新文献

{"title":"Detecting Green Fluorescent Protein-tagged Cryptococcus neoformans by Immunofluorescence on Paraffin-embedded Brain Sections.","authors":"Chen Wenbiao,&nbsp;Zhong Yingcai,&nbsp;Zhu Longkun","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptococcus neoformans is an important pathogen causing opportunistic fungal meningitis. The pathogenic mechanism of cryptococcal meningitis remains unclear. We aimed to describe a practical approach for studying the pathologic features of cryptococcal central nervous system infection by immunofluorescence on paraffin-embedded brain of mice using different antigen retrieval methods. After 14 days of intratracheal inoculation of green fluorescent protein-tagged C. neoformans (H99-GFP), C57BL/6J mice brains were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Antigen retrieval methods such as microwaves, 1% sodium lauryl sulfate, 1 N HCl, pepsase, and tryptase were used on 5-μm paraffin sections and the effects were compared. The green fluorescence of H99-GFP persisted with antigen retrieval using 1% sodium lauryl sulfate. After immunofluorescent staining, H99-GFP, glial fibrillary acidic protein-tagged astrocytes, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-tagged microglia could be observed clearly. Based on our results, we provide a practical approach for the further study of the interaction between C. neoformans and brain cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39446871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between O-GlcNAcase Expression and Prognosis of Patients With Osteosarcoma.","authors":"Thamonwan Sombutthaweesri,&nbsp;Shuangjiang Wu,&nbsp;Nutchapon Chamusri,&nbsp;Jongkolnee Settakorn,&nbsp;Dumnoensun Pruksakorn,&nbsp;Parunya Chaiyawat,&nbsp;Thanapat Sastraruji,&nbsp;Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit,&nbsp;Chayarop Supanchart","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have demonstrated a role of O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) in tumorigenesis of various carcinomas by modification of tumor-associated proteins. However, its implication in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the levels of O-GlcNAc and the expressions of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) in human osteosarcoma tissues, by using immunohistochemistry; and to find correlations between the levels or expressions and several clinicopathologic parameters. There were 109 first diagnosed osteosarcoma patients, including Enneking stage IIB (n=70) and III (n=39). Correlations between the immunoreactive score (IRS) and clinicopathologic parameters, overall survival, and metastasis-free survival were evaluated. A positive correlation was found between the IRS of OGA and the percentage of postchemotherapeutic tumor necrosis (r=0.308; P=0.017). Univariate analysis revealed significantly lower OGA IRS in metastatic patients (P=0.020) and poor chemotherapeutic-responder patients (P=0.001). By multivariate analysis, presence of tumor metastasis (P=0.002) and lower OGA IRS (P=0.004) was significantly associated with shorter overall survival. Subgroup analysis in stage IIB osteosarcoma (n=70) demonstrated that male sex (P=0.019), presence of tumor recurrence (P=0.026), poor chemotherapeutic responder (P=0.022), and lower OGA IRS (P=0.019) were significantly correlated with short metastasis-free survival. But, lower OGA IRS was the only independent predictor for short metastasis-free survival (P=0.006). Our findings suggested that O-GlcNAc pathway, especially OGA, may involve in pathogenesis and aggressiveness of osteosarcoma. Low level of OGA expression may be used as a poor prognostic indicator.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39374696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histologic and Molecular Characterization of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma With Discordant ROS1 Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization.","authors":"Diane M Wilcock,&nbsp;Robert L Schmidt,&nbsp;Larissa V Furtado,&nbsp;Anna P Matynia,&nbsp;Georgios Deftereos,&nbsp;Deepika Sirohi","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>ROS1 immunohistochemical (IHC) positivity requires follow-up with confirmatory testing such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Identifying predictive characteristics of false positive ROS1 IHC cases could aid in optimizing testing algorithms, decrease testing costs and preserve tissue.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective results were retrieved for 2054 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma submitted to our laboratory for molecular testing. Reflex ROS1 FISH was done on all ROS1 immunoreactive cases using ROS1 D4D6 antibody. Staining intensity and histo-score was recorded for all ROS1 immunoreactive cases. Results of any additional molecular testing (KRAS, BRAF, EGFR, ALK FISH, RET FISH, MET FISH) were also tabulated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROS1 immunoreactivity was seen in 305/2054 (14.8%) cases. Immunoreactivity was weak in majority of the cases with only 4.6% cases having an histo-score >100 and 5.9% of cases had moderate staining intensity. FISH was negative in 99% (302/305) cases with any degree of IHC expression (discordant cases) while 3 cases were positive by FISH. Diffuse strong IHC staining in greater than 90% of the tumor was noted in 6 cases, 3 (0.98%) of which were confirmed to have ROS1 rearrangement by FISH. The discordant cases had significantly higher rates of EGFR mutations (P<0.0005) in comparison to ROS1 IHC negative cases, were seen more often in adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma (P<0.0005) with lepidic and acinar patterns, and more likely to occur in primary lung carcinomas (P<0.0005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>False positive ROS1 immunoreactivity was very frequent, occurred more commonly in primary NSCLC cases with acinar and/or lepidic histologies and was more likely in EGFR mutated cases. Using higher positivity thresholds for ROS1 IHC and incorporating the histologic and molecular correlates into algorithmic strategies could result in increased specificity and clinical utility of ROS1 IHC assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39446870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERG Immunoreactivity in Blastic Hematolymphoid Neoplasms: Diagnostic Pitfall in the Workup of Undifferentiated Malignant Neoplasms.","authors":"Matthew Koo,&nbsp;Yasodha Natkunam","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undifferentiated malignant neoplasms pose diagnostic challenges, and reliable immunohistochemical markers with well-characterized staining profiles are desirable when characterizing them. Our initial observation of erythroblast transformation specific regulated gene-1 (ERG) reactivity in myeloid sarcomas led us to broadly explore the utility of ERG as a marker of immature hematolymphoid neoplasms presenting in extramedullary sites. We stained 207 immature and mature hematolymphoid lesions as well as 39 benign hematolymphoid tissues and found weak-to-moderate ERG immunopositivity in 15 of 16 (94%) acute myeloid leukemias/myeloid sarcomas, including 4 of 5 (80%) CD34-negative/CD117-negative acute myeloid leukemias/myeloid sarcomas. ERG positivity was also seen in all 9 cases of B-lymphoblastic and T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, all 3 cases of hematogone hyperplasia, and all 4 cases of systemic mastocytosis. ERG was negative in 148 mature B-cell and T-cell lymphomas, including 2 high-grade B-cell lymphomas and 2 blastoid variant mantle cell lymphomas; 23 histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms; 2 indolent T-lymphoblastic proliferations; and 2 blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms. We conclude that ERG immunoreactivity may pose a significant diagnostic pitfall in the workup of undifferentiated malignant neoplasms, particularly those presenting in extramedullary sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39184003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening Strategy for Detecting Double-Hit Lymphoma in a Resource-Limited Setting.","authors":"Balamurugan Thirunavukkarasu,&nbsp;Amanjit Bal,&nbsp;Gaurav Prakash,&nbsp;Pankaj Malhotra,&nbsp;Harmandeep Singh,&nbsp;Ashim Das","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>High-grade B-cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements [double-hit lymphomas (DHL)] are aggressive lymphomas. Current literature recommends fluorescent in-situ hybridization analysis (FISH) in all cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) to identify cases of DHL. However, this approach is not feasible in a resource-limited setting. We analyzed cases of de novo high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma using histomorphology, immunohistochemistry and FISH to identify which cases need to undergo FISH testing in a resource-limited setting.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cases of de novo high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that included DLBCL, not otherwise specified and B-cell lymphoma unclassifiable (BCLU) with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma diagnosed over a period of 5 years were analyzed by Hans algorithm, MYC, BCL2, and Ki67. MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 break apart FISH was tested in selected cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and nine cases were obtained, of which 102 had DLBCL morphology and 7 had BCLU/blastoid morphology. BCL2 expression was noted in 48 cases (44%), MYC in 33 cases (30.3%) and MYC/BCL2 co-expression in 24 cases (22%). FISH testing could be done in 42 consecutive cases, of which 5 cases had MYC and BCL2 co-rearrangement (11.9%) (double-hit) and 2 cases showed rearrangement for only MYC (4.7%) (single-hit). Single-hit lymphoma/DHL showed significant independent positive correlation with BCLU/blastoid morphology, CD10 expression, germinal center B-cell phenotype, and MYC/BCL2 co-expression. The sensitivity and specificity of each parameters include BCLU/blastoid morphology (42% vs. 94%), CD10 positive (50% vs. 88%), germinal center B-cell phenotype (57% vs. 82%), MYC/BCL2 co-expression (85% vs. 80%). Selected candidates for FISH (any one of the above parameters) using this strategy showed a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 68%, respectively (P=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We propose a highly sensitive screening strategy for detection of MYC/BCL2 rearrangement in high-grade B-cell lymphoma in a resource-limited setting (pending validation in a larger cohort).</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39366018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic and Clinicopathologic Associations of LAG-3 Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Elisabeth S Stovgaard,&nbsp;Iben Kümler,&nbsp;Kamille List-Jensen,&nbsp;Anne Roslind,&nbsp;Ib J Christensen,&nbsp;Estrid Høgdall,&nbsp;Dorte Nielsen,&nbsp;Eva Balslev","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune checkpoint molecule lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is currently being investigated as a possible target for immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), frequently as an addition to treatment with programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibition. However, expression of LAG-3, the frequency of coexpression with PD-L1, and the prognostic significance of this marker have not been studied extensively in TNBC. For this study, tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from surgical specimens of 514 patients with TNBC. TMAs were stained immunohistochemically for LAG-3 and PD-L1 expression. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were evaluated on full glass slides. LAG-3 expression was significantly associated with improved overall survival and relapse-free survival. When adjusted for clinicopathologic factors, each increment of 10 LAG-3-positive intratumoral lymphocytes per TMA core was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio=0.93, 95% confidence interval: 0.89-0.97, P=0.002), and recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio=0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.85-0.97, P=0.002). PD-L1 expression on immune cells and PD-L1 expression evaluated with the combined positive score and TILs were also associated with improved survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was only associated with improved survival in univariate analysis. LAG-3 expression was associated with both TILs and PD-L1 expression. Coexpression of LAG-3 and PD-L1 did not confer additional survival benefits. In conclusion, LAG-3 expression is associated with improved survival in TNBC. LAG-3 is often coexpressed with PD-L1, confirming that TNBC is likely a suitable candidate for cotreatment with LAG-3 and programmed cell death protein 1/PD-L1 inhibitors. However, coexpression does not confer additional survival benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38977370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Claudin-18 Immunohistochemical Staining Facilitates the Identification of Metastatic Carcinoma of Gastric or Pancreatic Origin in Effusion Specimens.","authors":"Yu-Jou Yang,&nbsp;Yung-Ming Jeng,&nbsp;Ching-Yao Yang,&nbsp;Hsiang-Wei Hu","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determining the primary origin of a malignant effusion remains a common challenge for cytopathologists. Although immunohistochemical (IHC) markers are available for most primary sites, ideal IHC markers for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are lacking, and related interpretation is often hindered by mesothelial cells. We recently revealed that claudin-18 IHC staining is useful for identifying the stomach and pancreas as the primary sites of metastatic adenocarcinoma. Thus, we assessed the use of claudin-18 IHC staining in 111 cell blocks obtained from various metastatic cancers and specimens negative for malignancy. Positive membranous claudin-18 staining was noted in all 10 (100%) metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 9 (90%) of 10 gastric adenocarcinomas, and 1 (9%) of 11 nonmucinous lung adenocarcinomas. The cases of metastatic mucinous carcinomas of lung origin (1 case) and ovarian origin (1 case) were also positive for claudin-18. The other remaining 89 cases showed variable cytoplasmic staining on some cells (73 cases) or complete absence of staining (16 cases). After normalization to the tumor frequency, the sensitivity and specificity for identifying the stomach or pancreas as primary tumor sites in ascites were 95% (confidence interval: 0.83-0.99) and 99% (confidence interval: 0.94-1), respectively. In conclusion, membranous claudin-18 staining is a useful marker for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in effusion specimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39703602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-L1 Tumor Cell Expression in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas is Associated With Higher Pathologic Stage.","authors":"Michael Ward,&nbsp;Daniel Albertson,&nbsp;Larissa V Furtado,&nbsp;Georgios Deftereos","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) are a rare and unique subset of urothelial carcinoma (UC). Patients with UTUC may qualify for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors if their tumor cells express programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). While several large studies have looked at PD-L1 expression in UC, most have not investigated UTUC as a separate group, and most have not used Food and Drug Administration approved PD-L1 stains and scoring systems. Moreover, comparison between studies of PD-L1 expression is challenging as a wide variety of different PD-L1 antibody clones, testing platforms, and cutoff values have been used in the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study of 37 cases of resected UTUC. Representative tissue from each case was compiled into tissue microarrays and immunohistochemical stains for PD-L1 (Dako antibody clones 22C3 and 28-8) were performed. PD-L1 staining was evaluated using several established Food and Drug Administration approved scoring systems: tumor proportion score (TPS), combined positive score, and immune cell score. Associations between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathologic features were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall expression of PD-L1 in UTUC was 29.7% when using a TPS cutoff of ≥1%. Total of, 55.6% of cases with higher pathologic stage (pT3 or pT4) were positive for PD-L1, compared with only 5.3% of cases with lower pathologic stage (pTis, pT1, or pT2; P=0.0011). When using a combined positive score cutoff of ≥10, there was no significant association between tumor stage and PD-L1 expression. There was no association between PD-L1 positivity and tumor grade, tumor location, sex, or age. There was 100% concordance between 22C3 and 28-8 in terms of positivity rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study using approved testing methods shows that PD-L1 expression in UTUC is more often associated with high pathologic stage, which may reflect an immune response evasion mechanism that UC cells acquire later in disease progression. In addition we show that 29.7% of UTUCs are positive for PD-L1 TPS expression, comparable to the 20% to 30% reported in UC literature. Finally, PD-L1 22C3 and 28-8 clones show similar overall patterns of staining in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39118290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratumoral Budding and Tumor Microenvironment in Pretreatment Rectal Cancer Biopsies Predict the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Xiaoyun Wen,&nbsp;Sui Y Zee,&nbsp;Kenneth R Shroyer,&nbsp;Jela Bandovic","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor budding at the invasive tumor front (peritumoral budding) is an established prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. However, the significance of intratumoral budding (ITB) in pretreatment biopsies is still uncertain. Our study aims to investigate the association of ITB and tumor microenvironment in pretreatment rectal cancer biopsies with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Pretreatment biopsies of low-grade rectal cancer from 37 patients who underwent resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate ITB, type of tumor stroma, and intraepithelial lymphocytes. ITB was counted on a single hotspot in 1 HPF upon pan-keratin immunohistochemical staining. Intraepithelial lymphocytes was graded semiquantitatively as \"absent\" (≤2/HPF) or \"present\" (>2/HPF). The tumor stroma was classified as either immature type or maturing type. In pretreatment biopsies, ITB was observed in 34/37 patients (92%). High-grade ITB was significantly associated with a poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (tumor regression score 2 to 3, P<0.001; and higher posttreatment T stage, P=0.002). Immature type of stroma was significantly associated with both high-grade ITB in biopsies (P=0.02) and a poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (tumor regression score 2 to 3, P=0.005). In multivariate analysis, ITB and the type of stroma remained the significant parameters for prediction of response to neoadjuvant treatment. Our study indicates that ITB and tumor microenvironment in pretreatment biopsies are strong predictors of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, which may assist risk stratification and clinical management in rectal cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39294704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Role of Mutation-specific H3F3A (Histone 3-3) G34W Immunohistochemistry to Differentiate Giant Cell Tumor of Bone From its Clinicoradiologic and Histologic Mimics: An Institutional Study.","authors":"Sunil Pasricha,&nbsp;Manish Pruthi,&nbsp;Ankush Jajodia,&nbsp;Ankur Kumar,&nbsp;Gurudutt Gupta,&nbsp;Anila Sharma,&nbsp;Akshay Tiwari,&nbsp;Himanshu Rohela,&nbsp;Garima Durga,&nbsp;Meenakshi Kamboj,&nbsp;Venkata P B Koyyala,&nbsp;Anurag Mehta","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000000964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000000964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign neoplasm, which can sometimes be a diagnostic challenge, especially in small biopsies, due to its histologic benign and malignant mimics. We evaluated the role of H3.3 G34W immunohistochemistry (IHC) antibody in diagnosing GCTB and its role in differentiating it from its close histologic mimics. A total of 120 cases (80 cases of GCTB and 40 cases of histologic mimics) were retrieved and subjected to IHC. Of 80 cases of GCTB, 72 cases showed a positive nuclear immunoexpression, while all 40 cases of histologic mimics of GCTB showed a negative staining for H3.3 G34W IHC. Sensitivity and specificity of this mutation-specific antibody for diagnosis of GCTB was 90% and 100%, respectively, while, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 100% and 83.3%, respectively. A positive expression of H3.3 G34W was seen in all 5 cases of GCTB, postdenosumab therapy, as well as, in all 3 cases of malignant giant cell tumor. The presented study showed that H3.3 G34W mutation-specific IHC is a reliable and specific marker for GCTB and can help distinguish it from the histologic mimics due to distinct therapeutic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520562,"journal":{"name":"Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM","volume":" ","pages":"36-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39274729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}