Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cannabinoid content on product labels influences cannabis health perceptions.","authors":"Joshua L Stanz, Benjamin O Ladd, Renee E Magnan","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis use in the United States is increasing and research is needed to understand factors contributing to decisions to use. Features of cannabis product labels communicating product content may influence health perceptions and willingness to use.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We tested how individuals who use cannabis respond to different cannabinoid content and the inclusion of a visual aid to communicate cannabinoid potency.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a 3 (within-subjects: THC-dominant, CBD-dominant, and equal THC:CBD ratio) × 2 (between-subjects: numeric information vs numeric information plus visual aid) mixed experimental design administered online through Prolific.com. Participants (N = 431) evaluated cannabis product packages on perceived health harms and benefits and likelihood to purchase and use cannabis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to other products, CBD-dominant products were evaluated as least harmful, most beneficial, and least likely to purchase or use (all Ps < 005; ds 0.10-0.68) while THC-dominant products were evaluated as most harmful, least beneficial, and most likely to purchase and use (all Ps < .02; ds 0.11-0.68). Perceptions did not vary based on the inclusion of a visual aid (Ps > .10). In a parallel mediation model, cannabinoid content was indirectly associated with likelihood to use through perceived benefits (b = -.14, CI = -.22, -.07) but not perceived harms (b = -.01, CI = -.04, .07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communicating about cannabinoid content could have intended and unintended consequences. Cannabinoid content contributed to product health perceptions and willingness to purchase and use; visual depictions of cannabinoid content did not. Perceived benefits of cannabis could be a valuable intervention target to reduce potential harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of medical information avoidance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Konstantin Offer, Natalia Oglanova, Lisa Oswald, Ralph Hertwig","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf058","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Medical information avoidance-the prevention or delay of acquiring health-related information-is a growing concern for physicians, healthcare professionals, and policymakers. Yet, its prevalence and predictors have remained poorly understood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the prevalence and predictors of medical information avoidance, offering key insights into the worldwide empirical evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We performed a systematic search, preregistered on the OSF and in accordance with PRISMA and MOOSE reporting guidelines. Additional individual participant datasets were obtained from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Data analysis was performed using random--effects and mixed-effects models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 92 studies and 6 individual participant datasets (564 497 unique participants, 25 countries) were analyzed. We found that almost 1 in 3 participants avoided or were likely to avoid information. Specifically, we estimated prevalence rates of 24% for diabetes, 29% for cancer, 32% for HIV, 40% for Huntington's disease, and 41% for Alzheimer's disease. We did not find any reliable association with gender or with race and ethnicity. Instead, we identified 16 significant predictors across cognitive, health-related, and sociodemographic domains. The strongest predictors were all cognitive: information overload (r = 0.26), perceived stigma (r = 0.36), self-efficacy (r = -0.28), and trust in the medical system (r = -0.25).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Nearly 1 in 3 participants avoided or were likely to avoid medical information. The highest prevalence rates were found for Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease, 2 incurable neurodegenerative diseases. Key cognitive predictors suggest entry points for policy interventions and future research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lay summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Medical information is more accessible than ever, but many people choose to avoid it. How common is this behavior, and what predicts it? To find out, we analyzed data from over 90 studies involving more than half a million people across 25 countries. We found that nearly 1 in 3 people avoided or were likely to avoid medical information. Avoidance was highest for incurable neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease: 41%, Huntington's disease: 40%), moderate for severe but treatable conditions (HIV: 32%, cancer: 29%), and lowest for a chronic, manageable illness (diabetes: 24%). We identified 16 key predictors of medical information avoidance. Surprisingly, gender, race, and ethnicity were not among them. Instead, the strongest predictors were cognitive and emotional: mistrust in the medical system, feeling overwhelmed, low confidence in managing one's health, and fear of being judged. Patterns of avoidance varied across world regions, suggesting that differences in healthcare systems may influence behavior. In thi","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily stress and worry are additional triggers of symptom fluctuations in individuals living with Long COVID: results from an intensive longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Daryl B O'Connor, Darren C Greenwood, Maedeh Mansoubi, Nawar D Bakerly, Aishwarya Bhatia, Johnny Collett, Helen E Davies, Joanna Dawes, Brendan C Delaney, Leisle Ezekiel, Phaedra Leveridge, Ghazala Mir, Willie Muehlhausen, Clare Rayner, Janet T Scott, Manoj Sivan, Ian Tucker-Bell, Himanshu Vashisht, Tomás Ward, Darren Winch, Helen Dawes","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf093","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research has shown that exertion in physical, cognitive, social, and self-care activities triggers symptom severity in individuals with Long COVID.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current study aimed to investigate whether daily emotional exertions (stress, worry, rumination) were associated with symptom exacerbation, over and above influences of effortful daily activities, in individuals with Long COVID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 376 participants were recruited from UK Long COVID clinics and community settings and completed daily assessments of activity and severity of 8 core symptoms every 3 hours for up to 24 days; 155 participants completed daily assessments of stress, worry, and rumination for at least 7 consecutive days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Days with higher stress scores were associated with increased severity of all symptoms on the same day, after adjusting for activities, demographic and medical factors (P-values ≤ .007). Days with higher stress scores also predicted more severe anxiety and depression symptoms 1 day later (P < .001) and more severe anxiety (P < .001) and dizziness symptoms (P = .003) 2 days later. Days with higher worry scores were associated with increased fatigue (P < .001), anxiety (P < .001), depression (P < .001), and cognitive dysfunction (P = .002) on the same day, but decreased anxiety (P = .003) and depression (P = .002) symptoms 1 day later and less severe pain (P = .002) symptoms 2 days later. Daily rumination was only associated with 2 symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Daily stress and worry are distinct factors linked to fluctuations in same-day and next-day Long COVID symptoms, with daily stress showing the strongest association-consistent with patterns of postexertional symptom exacerbation. These findings highlight the importance of considering stress and worry as potential therapeutic targets and integrating their management into self-care programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12613253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145508686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled pilot trial of low and high arousal resilience interventions for depressive symptoms.","authors":"Elissa S Epel, Brian P Don, Stefanie E Mayer, Robin Blades, Ashley E Mason, Elena Fromer, Julia F O'Bryan, Rebecca Dileo, Joanna Y Guan, Samantha J Schilf, Sylvia S Cheng, Aric A Prather, Wendy Berry Mendes","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To cope with chronic stress, which can contribute to depression, humans often pursue arousal-reducing activities. Yet, hormetic stressors (intermittent, acute stressors) might also reduce chronic stress.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We compared the effects of arousal-reducing and arousal-enhancing interventions on depressive symptoms and perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female adults (N = 141; predominantly White, 63%, and Asian, 34%) reporting high perceived stress were randomized to 1 of 4 three-week stress resilience interventions in 2019-2020. Low arousal conditions included mindfulness meditation or slow breathing with warm showers (Control). Hormetic stress conditions included fast paced breathing with cold showers (the Wim Hof Method; WHM) or high-intensity interval training. We assessed depressive symptoms and perceived stress at baseline, postintervention, and 3 months later, and cortisol reactivity to a lab stressor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At postintervention, all 4 groups had decreases in depressive symptoms (15.93% reduction, r = .76, P < .001) and perceived stress (9.70% reduction, r = .48, P < .001), with no group differences. \"As treated\" analysis showed the WHM group had better maintenance of reduced depression 3 months later (r = .17, P < .01). The WHM group had greater increases in daily positive affect across days (r = .16, P ≤ .05) and at postintervention (r = .17, P < .015) compared to the control group. Groups were similar in cortisol reactivity pre- and postintervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All groups experienced reduced stress and depressive symptoms and did not differ from each other after 3 weeks. After 3 months, a post hoc analysis of adherent subjects showed the WHM group had more sustained improvements in depression and positive affect, a finding that needs replication with larger and more diverse samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between environmental burdens and modifiable lifestyle risk factors among cancer survivors in NCI's HINTS-SEER survey.","authors":"Joseph Boyle, Cedrick R Dimaranan, Duc-Thi Jeremy Barsell, Carrie A Miller, William Gregory Hundley, Bernard F Fuemmeler","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving cancer survivorship outcomes is a priority in cancer prevention and control. As global cancer incidence rises each year, cancer survivors are living longer and are uniquely susceptible to developing subsequent chronic conditions. Current strategies for preventing chronic conditions emphasize modifying risk factors including lifestyle and environmental exposures.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>However, few studies have analyzed how multiple pollution-related and built environment characteristics influence lifestyle behaviors among cancer survivors. In this study, we examined associations between environmental burdens and lifestyle behaviors in cancer survivors (N = 984) using data from the 2022 Environmental Justice Index (EJI) and the 2021 Health Information National Trends Survey-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (HINTS-SEER) survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used multivariable regression modeling to assess associations between environmental burdens and 5 lifestyle behaviors: physical activity, alcohol consumption, overweight status, sitting habits, and smoking. Additionally, we performed Bayesian index modeling to identify which environmental factors contributed most to significant associations with these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed several significant adjusted associations between environmental burdens and overweight status and sitting habits. In particular, the presence of potentially hazardous industrial sites, railroads, and high-volume roads, and fine particulate matter concentrations were all positively associated with sitting time. The prevalence of high-volume roads had the strongest impact (weight = 23.3%) on sitting time in the combined Bayesian index (β = 0.214 [95% credible interval, 0.092-0.338], exceedance probability = 99.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides preliminary evidence suggesting environmental burdens contribute to sedentary lifestyles among cancer survivors, emphasizing the need for further research on this interplay in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating fraud in a fully decentralized clinical trial of a digital health intervention.","authors":"Jessie B Moore, Amy Chieng, Maddison C Pirner, Sarah Pajarito, Erin A Vogel, Molly A Bowdring, Lauren Bullard, Athena Robinson, Judith J Prochaska","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decentralized clinical trials (DCT), digital survey methodologies, and health monitoring technologies create the potential to reduce study participant burden as well as enhance sample diversity and enrollment pace. However, fraudulent participant activity poses a significant threat to study validity and data integrity.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study quantifies fraudulent attempts at participation in a DCT of a mobile mental health intervention for problematic substance use and discusses methods to prevent and detect fraudulent activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults residing in the US reporting problematic substance use were recruited for a fully remote DCT via 2 primary channels: social media advertisements and survey panels. The DCT offered incentives totaling up to $100 for completing assessments over the 12-week study. To prevent and detect fraudulent activity, the research team utilized VPN and proxy detection, checked for duplicate identifiers (e.g., emails, phone numbers, IP Addresses), and compared age and date of birth (DOB) responses across timepoints. Descriptive statistics and group comparisons across the 2 sources of recruitment methodology were utilized to quantify and characterize fraudulent activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,781 eligible screeners completed, 1,725 (62%) were determined to be fraudulent prior to randomization, detected most commonly by duplicate identifiers (65%) and/or VPN and proxy detection (47%). Of the 258 randomized participants, 51 (20%) were later determined to be fraudulent based upon age and/or DOB mismatch. Notable patterns in fraudulent activity (e.g., 42% of fraudulent screening respondents reported the exact age of 30 years; stylistic formatting of email address accounts) were identified. The fraudulent recruitment rate was higher for social media advertising (85%) than survey panels (26%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both social media and survey panel recruitment resulted in high levels of fraudulent activity in a DCT of a mobile mental health intervention. Researchers conducting DCTs and/or online surveys are urged to take several precautions and preventative measures to insulate against fraudulent activity including embedding identity verification procedures in consent processes. Researchers should consider making personal contact with a participant to verify identity as well as remain vigilant for fraudulent activity and its real-time dynamic potential.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT04925570.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12205967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to intimate partner violence and subsequent substance use among a nationwide sample of LGBTQIA+ people: results of The PRIDE Study.","authors":"Nicholas Metheny, Nguyen Khai Tran, Gabriel John Dusing, Dalton Scott, Micah E Lubensky, Mitchell R Lunn, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Annesa Flentje","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, aromantic, asexual, or another sexual or gender minority (LGBTQIA+) are at greater risk of both intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use compared to their cisgender, heterosexual counterparts. However, knowledge regarding the complex relationship between IPV and substance use in LGBTQIA+ communities is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from 2 years of The PRIDE (Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality) Study, a nationwide, community-based sample of LGBTQIA+ adults in the United States. Past-year IPV in 2021 was measured using the Extended-Hurt, Insulted, Threaten, Scream scale. Substances used in 2022 were measured via the NIDA-Modified Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (NM ASSIST). Linear and modified Poisson regression models explored temporal relationships between past-year IPV and prospective substance use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (n = 3745) were relatively young (median= 34 years, interquartile range: 27.6-48.5) and represented diverse LGBTQIA+ subcommunities. Approximately one-quarter (23.7%) were cisgender women and 17% were cisgender men. Half (49.2%) were gender minority people. Overall, one-quarter (24.6%) reported exposure to IPV in 2021. In adjusted models, past-year IPV was associated with prospective substance use (risk ratio [RR]: 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.19). Additionally, more frequent IPV was associated with a higher prospective NM ASSIST score for cannabis (B: 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08-0.36), stimulants (B: 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06-0.35), hallucinogens (B: 0.07; 95% CI, 0.02-0.12), and narcotics (B: 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.20).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to IPV in 2021 was linked to greater substance use in 2022. Findings underscore the role of IPV in substance use among LGBTQIA+ people. Furthermore, they point to the need for increased IPV screening and referral among LGBTQIA+ people, as well as the potential efficacy of trauma-informed substance use interventions that address IPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity coaching in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Nicola S Diciolla, Maria José Yuste-Sánchez, Maria Torres-Lacomba, Cátia Paixão, Alda Marques","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity (PA) coaching, defined as a structured one-to-one intervention using behavior-change techniques, may increase PA in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of individual PA coaching components.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized clinical trials comparing PA coaching vs usual care in COPD were searched. Effect direction plots synthesized results, and meta-analyses were conducted for selected outcomes, subgroup analyses exploring individual PA coaching components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two studies involving 5483 people with COPD (67 ± 9 years; 55% male; 53 ± 18 FEV1%predicted) were included. PA coaching, mostly delivered remotely, weekly, for 12 weeks, consisted of education, exercise, feedback, goal setting/review, motivational interviews, problem-solving, self-monitoring, and social support. Effect direction plots showed a positive impact of PA coaching on PA (73%, 95%CI 58-89% of studies), with minimal or no effects on emotional, physical, symptoms, and health-related quality of life domains. Meta-analyses revealed a significant increase in steps/day (MD[95%CI] = 806.84[478.99,1134.70]steps/day, I2 = 66, P < 0.01); however, no clinically relevant changes were observed in other outcomes. Compliance rate across studies was 86% 95%CI, 83%-89%.Subgroups analyses for self-monitoring (MD[95%CI] = 861[555 1166]steps/day; I2 = 66, P < 0.01) and goal setting/review (MD[95%CI] = 916[563 1296]steps/day; I2 = 69, P < 0.01) demonstrated significant and clinically relevant improvements in steps/day. Significant between-group differences in whether self-monitoring (χ2 = 9.84, P < 0.01) and goal setting/review (χ2 = 7.59, P < 0.01) were included suggest these components may moderate PA coaching effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PA coaching increases daily steps in people with COPD without significantly affecting emotional, physical, symptoms or health-related quality of life domains. Including self-monitoring and goal setting/review may enhance its effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nudge-based interventions to improve medication adherence in adults with chronic diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Zhongtian Zhou, Yun Zhang, Junfang Xu, Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf097","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication adherence is crucial for managing chronic conditions, yet medication adherence rates are often suboptimal. Nudge-based interventions have shown promise in other health behaviors, but their effectiveness in improving medication adherence remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of nudge-based interventions in improving medication adherence among adults with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane) for studies (January 1, 2014, to November 23, 2024). Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving adults (≥18 years) with chronic diseases that compared nudge-based interventions to improve medication adherence with usual care. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Key study characteristics were summarized. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to calculate standardized mean differences (Hedges' g) and 95% CIs. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 36 studies were included, with 19 RCTs providing data for meta-analysis (total N = 2690). Nearly half were rated as low risk of bias. The pooled effect size was Hedges' g = 0.68 (95% CI, 0.16-1.20, P < .01). Significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 96.3%, P < .01), subgroup analyses were conducted to identify significant sources of this heterogeneity. No publication bias was detected (Egger's test, P = .447).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, nudge-based interventions have the potential to improve medication adherence among adults with chronic disease. There is a need for further well-designed studies to enhance the strength of the evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to nicotine and cannabis vaping cessation among young adults: a qualitative study using Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).","authors":"Nhung Nguyen, Jason M Satterfield, Salomeh Keyhani, Gregory M Marcus, Pamela M Ling","doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaf096","DOIUrl":"10.1093/abm/kaaf096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite young adults' growing use of nicotine and cannabis vaporized products (vaping), little is known about factors influencing vaping cessation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Identify barriers and facilitators to nicotine and/or cannabis vaping cessation among young adults (18-29 years old).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a thematic analysis of interviews with 20 California young adults (mean age = 22.8, racially and ethnically diverse) who vaped nicotine and/or cannabis (specifically delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC) in 2024-2025. We mapped cessation-related barriers and facilitators to Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior model and Theoretical Domains Framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young adults expressed stronger motivation to stop vaping nicotine than cannabis. Psychological Capability barriers involved a lack of self-control over nicotine vaping. Physical Opportunity factors, such as product accessibility and treatment unaffordability, hindered quitting, while the cost burden of vaporized products was a facilitator. Social Opportunity included both barriers (ie, socialization) and facilitators (ie, protection of loved ones or relationships). Automatic Motivation barriers included habitual use and addiction, while negative emotion toward vaping harms facilitated quitting. Reflective Motivation included the most identified factors for barriers (eg, low perceived risk of vaping, coping with mental health, and personal identity linked to vaping) and facilitators (eg, quitting desire and concerns about health and vaporized product quality). Most factors influencing vaping cessation overlapped for nicotine and cannabis. Substance-specific barriers for nicotine (ie, self-control, oral fixation, and flavor appeal) and cannabis (ie, perceived benefits) were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings provide insights into potential targets for future interventions to help young adults quit vaping nicotine and/or cannabis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520558,"journal":{"name":"Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12668677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}