Andrea Garau, Bruna Denotti, Valentina Garau, Sara Maria Pintus
{"title":"Combining Pharmacological Therapy and Ultrasound-Guided Botulinum Toxin Injection Resulted in Clinical Improvement in Bilateral Arterial-Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Andrea Garau, Bruna Denotti, Valentina Garau, Sara Maria Pintus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) results from compression of the brachial plexus and/or the subclavian vessels. Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been shown to be useful in TOS both as a predictor of surgical outcome and as a therapeutic option.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present the case of a 21-year-old woman with a rare form of bilateral TOS with combined arterial and neurogenic involvement. After surgical treatment on the right side, the patient developed symptoms on the left side. We adopted a multimodal therapeutic approach that effectively reduced her symptoms and improved her quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our case suggests that alleviating neurovascular compression with BTX, together with pharmacological agents that modulate pain pathways, may lead to clinical improvement, even in complex and poorly documented cases of TOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 7","pages":"617-621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cervical Medial Branch Radiofrequency Ablation Using Bipolar Multi-Tined Cannulae in a Patient with an Implanted Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulator: A Case Report.","authors":"Joel Peltonen, Yehia Kamel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical medial branch radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an established treatment for chronic cervical facet joint pain. However, RFA procedures generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) that can pose a significant safety risk, potentially leading to spontaneous activation or damage of implanted electronic devices, such as spinal cord stimulators (spinal cord stimulation [SCS]). Previous reports have highlighted the successful use of conventional bipolar RFA, but data are limited regarding large-volume lesioning techniques in patients with SCS implants.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 70-year-old man, who had a prior C7-T1 fusion and an implanted cervical SCS for refractory radicular pain, presented with axial neck pain. Following confirmation via diagnostic medial branch blocks (MBBs), the patient underwent cervical medial branch RFA using a bipolar multi-tined cannula technique. Strict protocols, including turning off the SCS device and performing neurophysiological monitoring, ensured the procedure was completed safely without complications or device malfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case demonstrates the safe and effective application of bipolar multi-tined RFA, a large-volume lesioning technique, in a patient with a cervical SCS implant. This approach leverages bipolar configuration and minimizes current dispersion, offering clinicians an important alternative to mitigate EMI risks and achieve durable pain relief in this complex patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 7","pages":"591-595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depending on the Underlying Pathophysiology, Headache in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage May Not Always Respond to Blocking of the Occipital Nerves.","authors":"Josef Finsterer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 7","pages":"653-654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justin Pratte, Paul Farris, Rachael Aresco, David Gutierrez
{"title":"Successful Treatment of Cervical Dystonia With Temporary Peripheral Nerve Stimulation of the Medial Branch Nerves: A Case Report.","authors":"Justin Pratte, Paul Farris, Rachael Aresco, David Gutierrez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical dystonia can be a difficult source of neck pain to treat, with pain from both nociceptive and nonnociceptive sources. Botulinum toxin as the mainstay of treatment carries approximately 10% failure rate in these patients, leaving them with debilitating pain. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a proven pain management technique, and until now, PNS has not been reported as a treatment for refractory cervical dystonia.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present a case where temporary PNS is successfully used to treat refractory cervical dystonia by targeting the cervical medial branch nerves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We believe temporary PNS has good utility as treatment for refractory cervical dystonia. Using PNS can provide immediate and long-lasting relief of their dystonia symptoms and can mitigate the need for a permanent implant.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 7","pages":"645-648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peripheral Nerve Stimulator Implant for Superior Cluneal Neuralgia in Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy: A Case Series.","authors":"Akhtar Purvez, Ana Mir, Sama Mir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Superior cluneal neuralgia is a recognized but often underdiagnosed cause of chronic axial low back and leg pain. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has shown promise in treating neuropathic pain disorders.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report 2 patients-one with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and another with idiopathic neuropathy-who underwent PNS implantation for superior cluneal neuralgia. Both patients were on high doses of neuropathic pain medications (gabapentin or pregabalin), and one was also taking duloxetine. Following implantation, both experienced marked pain relief, allowing reduction and eventual discontinuation of these medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Freedom® Peripheral Nerve Stimulator System (Curonix LLC) showed reductions in pain, alongside a favorable safety profile. These results support the clinical utility of high-frequency electromagnetic coupling-based PNS as a minimally invasive and clinically valuable treatment option for chronic neuropathic pain and highlight its potential to reduce the intake of pharmacologic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 7","pages":"585-589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han Li, Honghua Zhang, Zhe Yan, Xuejiao Guo, Jianguo Guo
{"title":"High-Voltage Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation as Monotherapy for Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Case Report.","authors":"Han Li, Honghua Zhang, Zhe Yan, Xuejiao Guo, Jianguo Guo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) management remains suboptimal, and many patients rely on systemic medications with limited efficacy and tolerability, particularly in older adults. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is used as a neuromodulatory option, but optimal dosing parameters remain uncertain.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 72-year-old patient with refractory thoracic PHN (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] 8/10, 5-week duration) underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided PRF at the T4-T5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) using escalated parameters (90 V, 45°C, 20-millisecond pulse width, 10-minute duration). No perineural injectates or pharmacologic adjuvants (e.g., corticosteroids, long-acting local anesthetics, or neurotrophic agents) were used; only a small amount of 1% lidocaine was used for skin infiltration. Immediate pain reduction to VAS 3/10 was achieved, progressing to 1/10 at one month. Gabapentin and lidocaine patches were discontinued after the procedure, with an 85% reduction in dermatomal hypersensitivity. No sensory deficits or complications were observed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our case provides hypothesis-generating evidence that CT-guided, high-parameter PRF (90 V, 45°C, 20 milliseconds, 10 minutes) delivered to the thoracic DRG can be associated with substantial short-term pain relief in subacute PHN without adjunct pharmacotherapy. Given the single-patient, uncontrolled design and one month follow-up, the findings should be interpreted cautiously and require confirmation in prospective studies with longer observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 6","pages":"461-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guy Dunetz, Christopher Fisher, Naomi Joseph, Jonathan Riley, Assaf Berger
{"title":"Percutaneous Trigeminal Neuromodulation for Refractory Facial Pain: A Single-Institution Case Series with Long-Term Follow-up.","authors":"Guy Dunetz, Christopher Fisher, Naomi Joseph, Jonathan Riley, Assaf Berger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) are chronic facial pain syndromes that can be resistant to conventional medical and surgical treatments. Percutaneous trigeminal nerve and ganglion stimulation has emerged as a promising neuromodulation technique, though long-term safety and durability remain concerns.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of patients with refractory TN or PIFP who underwent trial or permanent implantation of a trigeminal nerve stimulator between 2018 and 2024 at our institution. Ten of 11 patients underwent trial stimulation, with 9 proceeding to permanent implantation. At the most recent follow up, all but one patient reported significant pain relief. Device- or procedure-related complications occurred in 3 patients: one developed lead prominence with subsequent threatened anchor erosion requiring revision, one developed a postoperative methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus wound infection following device removal for urgent magnetic resonance imaging, and one experienced loss of V2 lead efficacy requiring lead explantation. An additional patient underwent elective device removal after long-term complete pain resolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Percutaneous stimulation of the trigeminal nerve and ganglion appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with refractory facial pain. The low complication rate and consistent pain relief support its use as a long-term management strategy. Prospective studies are needed to further validate these findings and guide patient selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 6","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unraveling the Mystery of Pain: A Unique Clinical Encounter and Case Report.","authors":"Sharon S Blum, Zvi G Loewy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium published an updated guideline for opioids and CYP2D6, OPRM1, and COMT in December 2020. These guidelines include recommendations to avoid key opioids in patients who are ultrarapid or poor metabolizers of CYP2D6 to avoid toxicity and optimize efficacy.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>An older woman encountered a letter to the editor in a family magazine regarding genomically based responses to opioids. She reached out for more information and assistance, attesting to continued lack of analgesia to opioids prescribed during occasions of severe pain over the course of many years. A pharmacogenomic analysis proved to be the key to solving her mystery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacogenomic results may provide life-altering information transforming a patient's perspective on health care. Personalized medicine may be a key component in providing objective evidence for opioid treatment efficacy. There is a critical need for both provider and patient education to increase awareness of pharmacogenomics and how it can be applied to effective pharmacotherapy. Research is needed to explore appropriate, effective educational methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 6","pages":"467-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sudden Appearance of Metastatic Cancer on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Patient with Back Pain.","authors":"Min Ju Kim, Myrna Hanna, Moorice Caparo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly sensitive and specific for detecting bone metastases. Patients with HIV have an increased risk of certain cancers, and MRI plays an important role in detecting metastatic disease. However, diagnostic accuracy may vary depending on the use of contrast medium and imaging sequences.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 69-year-old woman with HIV presented with an insidious onset of lumbar radiculopathy. She underwent lumbar spine MRI without contrast, which revealed degenerative changes. Despite conservative management, she continued to have intractable pain and developed new upper extremityweakness. Repeat MRI 2 months later revealed innumerable metastases throughout herspine, ribs, and pelvic bones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights a potential limitation of MRI in detecting metastatic lesions.</p><p><p>Pain physicians should individualize treatment according to the patient's presentation, consider contrast-enhanced MRI and appropriate imaging sequences to optimize diagnostic accuracy, and repeat diagnostic testing when clinically indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 6","pages":"525-527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iatrogenic Femoral Neuropathy Mimicking Meralgia Paresthetica Following Groin Flap Surgery: A Case Report.","authors":"Isra Hasnain, Kashif Manzar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Groin flap surgery carries a risk of iatrogenic nerve injury, most commonly involving the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and presenting as meralgia paresthetica. In contrast, femoral nerve injury is rare and typically associated with motor deficits. Pure sensory femoral neuropathy is exceptionally uncommon and may closely mimic meralgia paresthetica, creating a diagnostic challenge.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a 24-year-old man who developed severe neuropathic pain over the anterolateral thigh following groin flap donor-site closure. Initial clinical suspicion was meralgia paresthetica. However, motor examination and electrodiagnostic studies were normal. High-resolution ultrasound revealed femoral nerve displacement and edema, and ultrasound-guided transcutaneous nerve stimulation reproduced the patient's symptoms, confirming a diagnosis of pure sensory iatrogenic femoral neuropathy. The patient was successfully treated with ultrasound-guided femoral nerve hydrodissection, resulting in sustained pain relief at the 6-month follow-up visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pure sensory femoral neuropathy can mimic meralgia paresthetica after groin surgery. High-resolution ultrasound is critical for accurate diagnosis, and ultrasound-guided hydrodissection may be an effective therapeutic option when conservative management fails, though further studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520525,"journal":{"name":"Pain medicine case reports","volume":"10 6","pages":"521-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}