npj biodiversity最新文献_第2页

Microhabitat differentiation and trophic specialisation in coastal deposit-feeding sea cucumbers. 沿海沉积物食用型海参的微生境分化和营养特化。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00143-8

Arnold Rakaj, Mohammad Magdy, Salvatrice Vizzini

{"title":"Microhabitat differentiation and trophic specialisation in coastal deposit-feeding sea cucumbers.","authors":"Arnold Rakaj, Mohammad Magdy, Salvatrice Vizzini","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00143-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00143-8","url":null,"abstract":"The coexistence of deposit-feeding sea cucumber species with similar ecological and functional roles is common in many coastal ecosystems and may lead to niche overlap. This study investigates the behaviour and feeding ecology of four cohabiting coastal sea cucumbers: Holothuria mammata, H. polii, H. sanctori and H. tubulosa, focusing on the mechanisms that allow their niche segregation in the Mediterranean and Atlantic. Laboratory observations were conducted to examine substrate and microhabitat preferences, circadian activity and sediment intake dynamics. Findings revealed significant interspecific segregation. Holothuria sanctori was associated with hard substrates, while the other species preferred soft substrates, differing further in sediment layer use: H. tubulosa and H. mammata foraged superficially, whereas H. polii also utilised sub-surface layers. Species also differed in their sheltering strategies: H. mammata and H. sanctori sheltered in hard substrate refuges, while H. polii burrowed into soft sediments. Finally, sea cucumbers exhibited distinct feeding strategies, revealing two contrasting patterns: high sediment intake with low organic matter selectivity (H. polii), or high organic matter selectivity with lower sediment ingestion (H. sanctori), with intermediate behaviours (H. tubulosa and H. mammata). This study evidenced that both microhabitat and resource partitioning enable the coexistence of sea cucumber species in coastal ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying ecological thresholds to inform conservation and restoration efforts for stream fishes. 运用生态阈值为溪流鱼类的保护和恢复工作提供信息。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-06-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00144-7

Kyle J Brumm, Rafaela Schinegger, Marlene Schürz, Georg Gruber, Florian Borgwardt, Carina Seliger, Dana M Infante

{"title":"Applying ecological thresholds to inform conservation and restoration efforts for stream fishes.","authors":"Kyle J Brumm, Rafaela Schinegger, Marlene Schürz, Georg Gruber, Florian Borgwardt, Carina Seliger, Dana M Infante","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00144-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00144-7","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding stream fish responses to landscape stressors is fundamental to designing management strategies to conserve and restore fluvial ecosystems. Landscape stressors, including agricultural, pasture, and urban land use, often elicit threshold responses in stream fishes, causing rapid declines in abundance with comparatively small increases in stressor intensity. However, the use of thresholds to inform conservation and restoration decision-making remains limited, particularly when targeting entire stream fish assemblages at continental spatial extents. Here, we apply known threshold values to characterize the vulnerability of stream fishes across ~1.73 million stream reaches in the United States and Europe. We develop a decision-support framework that integrates threshold status indices with network catchment summaries of protected area coverage to prioritize (a) conservation actions in poorly protected catchments approaching land use thresholds and (b) restoration actions in catchments that have exceeded thresholds despite high protected area coverage. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of stream fishes to landscape stressors across two continents and demonstrate how integrating threshold-based vulnerability assessments with protected area summaries can support management decision-making and help address the freshwater biodiversity crisis.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148341708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The rarest invaders: systematic global evidence for the conservation-invasion paradox in plants. 最罕见的入侵者：植物保护-入侵悖论的系统全球证据。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00142-9

Ramiro R Ripa, Yves P Klinger, Jorgelina Franzese

{"title":"The rarest invaders: systematic global evidence for the conservation-invasion paradox in plants.","authors":"Ramiro R Ripa, Yves P Klinger, Jorgelina Franzese","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00142-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00142-9","url":null,"abstract":"The Conservation-Invasion Paradox (CIP) refers to species that are threatened or declining within their native ranges establish invasive populations elsewhere. While this paradox has been documented primarily in animals, its prevalence, structure, and drivers in plants remain poorly understood. Investigating the CIP is crucial for linking mechanisms that underlie both species decline and invasion success, and offers insights into biodiversity change in the Anthropocene. Here, we provide the first global, systematic assessment of the CIP in vascular plants by integrating three global alien flora databases with three conservation assessment databases. Using reproducible cross-database criteria (the simultaneous occurrence of invasive status in at least one global alien flora database and conservation concern in at least one global conservation assessment database), we identified 89 plant species under the CIP. Threatened plant species were approximately 10 times less likely to naturalize and 17 times less likely to become invasive than non-threatened species, making the CIP a genuinely paradoxical outcome. CIP plant species are concentrated in the Americas and East-Southeast Asia and exhibit strong anthropogenic signals, with dominant human uses and persistent threats from agriculture, overexploitation, and development. Our findings demonstrate that the CIP arises from a spatial decoupling between invasion success and native range persistence, driven by the same human valuation processes that promotes translocation and intensify native-range pressures. The CIP also exposes a mismatch between biological invasion and conservation frameworks, where separate regulatory systems independently assess invasive status and conservation concern, revealing a governance gap for species exhibiting both conditions simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macroecological pluralism. Macroecological多元化。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-06-03 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00139-4

Marco Túlio Pacheco Coelho, José Alexandre Felizola Diniz-Filho

引用次数: 0

Multidimensional crisis in the conservation of Amu Darya false shovelnose sturgeons. 阿姆河假铲鼻鲟保护的多重危机。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00141-w

Akbarjon Rozimov, Xinxin Li, Bakhtiyor Sheraliev, Alexey Chernyak, Zakir Rajabov, Jobir Sobirov, Laziz Turaev, Sirojiddin Namozov, Chongnv Wang, Bakhtiyor Kholmatov, Zuogang Peng, Arne Ludwig, Baocheng Guo

{"title":"Multidimensional crisis in the conservation of Amu Darya false shovelnose sturgeons.","authors":"Akbarjon Rozimov, Xinxin Li, Bakhtiyor Sheraliev, Alexey Chernyak, Zakir Rajabov, Jobir Sobirov, Laziz Turaev, Sirojiddin Namozov, Chongnv Wang, Bakhtiyor Kholmatov, Zuogang Peng, Arne Ludwig, Baocheng Guo","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00141-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00141-w","url":null,"abstract":"A robust reassessment of extinction risk is crucial for developing evidence-based conservation strategies and preventing irreversible biodiversity loss. Sturgeons are among the most threatened freshwater fishes worldwide, yet extinction risk evaluations for the critically endangered Amu Darya false shovelnose sturgeons (Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni and P. hermanni) still largely depend on legacy information that does not reflect recent human disturbances. To re-evaluate the extinction risk of these sturgeons, we combined updated occurrence records, traditional morphometric data, mitochondrial genetic markers, and ethnobiological surveys from field expeditions, market inspections, and community interviews conducted during 2019-2024. Our results showed dramatic contraction in distribution range and an almost complete loss of population structure. The long-snouted form of P. hermanni is likely already extinct, and the short-snouted form now persists only in fragmented habitats in the middle and lower Amu Darya. Morphological comparisons revealed a marked decrease in body length and weight, indicating size-selective removal linked to illegal poaching. Genetic analyses also revealed declining diversity and signals of demographic bottlenecks, consistent with severely reduced adaptive potential. Taken together, our results indicate an urgent need for coordinated transboundary conservation to avert the imminent extinction of the two critically endangered species.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An automated decision-making procedure for ranking and selecting species in biodiversity projects. 在生物多样性项目中对物种进行排序和选择的自动决策程序。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-05-30 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00140-x

Torsten H Struck, Thomas Marcussen, Astrid Böhne, Rosa Fernández, José Melo-Ferreira, Isabelle Florent, Carmela Gissi, Christian de Guttry, Jennifer A Leonard, Seanna McTaggart, Camila J Mazzoni, Rita Monteiro, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, João Pimenta, Jaakko Pohjoismäki, Katja Reichel, Andrii Tarieiev, Rebekah A Oomen

{"title":"An automated decision-making procedure for ranking and selecting species in biodiversity projects.","authors":"Torsten H Struck, Thomas Marcussen, Astrid Böhne, Rosa Fernández, José Melo-Ferreira, Isabelle Florent, Carmela Gissi, Christian de Guttry, Jennifer A Leonard, Seanna McTaggart, Camila J Mazzoni, Rita Monteiro, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, João Pimenta, Jaakko Pohjoismäki, Katja Reichel, Andrii Tarieiev, Rebekah A Oomen","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00140-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00140-x","url":null,"abstract":"In large-scale biodiversity genomics projects, the number of species that could be sequenced exceeds the resources available. Species selection is therefore a crucial component, requiring clear criteria and procedures. In a bottom-up approach, the Biodiversity Genomics Europe (BGE) project implemented an Automated Decision-Making (ADM) process for species selection based on objective criteria and tested it on simulated and empirical data. Here, we present this species ranking ADM process, which includes three stages: exclusion, ranking, and feasibility check. The composition of selected species retained the diversity of the community-nominated species pool for key taxonomic, geographic, and demographic assessment criteria while reducing bias. Feasibility and funding limits influenced the final selection more than other factors, indicating that investments in these areas would improve available reference-genome diversity. The ADM achieved species selection for genome sequencing in a large-scale biodiversity project in a relatively objective manner consistent with the broader European biodiversity genomic community's priorities.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148102475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Society's struggle with unwanted species: what centuries of history reveal about species bounty programs. 社会与不受欢迎的物种的斗争：几个世纪的历史揭示了物种赏金计划。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-05-30 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00132-x

Julian D Olden, Jessica O Diallo, Rachel M Fricke, Emily Jameson, Rachelle C Johnson, Rebekah R Stiling, Brielle K Thompson

{"title":"Society's struggle with unwanted species: what centuries of history reveal about species bounty programs.","authors":"Julian D Olden, Jessica O Diallo, Rachel M Fricke, Emily Jameson, Rachelle C Johnson, Rebekah R Stiling, Brielle K Thompson","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00132-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00132-x","url":null,"abstract":"Species bounty programs, much like bounty hunters charged to bring fugitives to justice, enlist the public to locate and remove unwanted species through financial incentives. With the goal of reducing population sizes, these programs address perceived ecological and economic damage caused by target species. In this study, we provide the first global assessment of species bounty programs, drawing on evidence from both historical and contemporary efforts across diverse regions and cultural contexts over the past eight centuries. We uncovered a long history of bounty programs involving at least 283 species-mammals, birds, fish, plants, reptiles, mollusks, insects, amphibians, and crustaceans-across 449 programs in 60 countries. Using this collective knowledge, we offer five perspectives on species bounty programs. First, bounty programs are launched for a variety of reasons, including economic (livestock, crops, fisheries, infrastructure), ecological (species, ecosystems), and social (human health) considerations related to unwanted species. Second, bounty programs vary in their design and implementation, ranging from well-planned operations with clear management and conservation objectives to ad hoc operations with limited articulation and investigation of project outcomes. Third, evidence points to unintended consequences, in which bounty programs result in the incidental removal of non-target species or in effects that may inadvertently benefit target species. Fourth, while not always the case, fraudulent activities have been reported, compromising the management outcomes of some programs. Fifth, public perception of bounty programs is highly dynamic and ensuring program engagement remains a persistent challenge. By reviewing the scattered narratives of past and present bounty programs globally, this review seeks to inform the evolving role of this management strategy.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13303918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148102396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesizing the ecosystem services benefits, synergies and trade-offs of forest restoration in China. 中国森林恢复生态系统服务效益、协同效应与权衡的综合分析

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-05-28 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00134-9

Tao Hu, Jian Peng, Zihan Xu, Huining Zheng, Jiayao Shu, Jiabin Wang, Jianquan Dong, Yi'na Hu, Carla L Archibald

引用次数: 0

Practitioner perceptions of biodiversity criteria for solar suitability analyses in the United States. 从业者对美国太阳能适宜性分析的生物多样性标准的看法。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00133-w

Daphne Condon, Michael O Levin, Adam B Smith, Toni Lyn Morelli, Noah Z Krasner, Emma Forester, Chevon Holmes, Benjamin P Narwold, Elizabeth L Kalies, Grace C Wu, Meaghan R Gade, Roland Kays, Freya Robinson, Rebecca R Hernandez

{"title":"Practitioner perceptions of biodiversity criteria for solar suitability analyses in the United States.","authors":"Daphne Condon, Michael O Levin, Adam B Smith, Toni Lyn Morelli, Noah Z Krasner, Emma Forester, Chevon Holmes, Benjamin P Narwold, Elizabeth L Kalies, Grace C Wu, Meaghan R Gade, Roland Kays, Freya Robinson, Rebecca R Hernandez","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00133-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00133-w","url":null,"abstract":"Acceleration of large-scale solar energy deployment can pose competition for land with biodiversity conservation areas. Solar suitability analyses (SSAs) help identify low-conflict zones for solar development, yet limited work defines which biodiversity-relevant criteria (BRCs) are essential for SSAs or whether supporting data are available. We convened a United States-based Delphi panel of practitioners with expertise in biodiversity and renewable energy to identify BRCs that are essential across SSAs ('core') and data- or scale-limited ('peripheral'). Practitioners identified 16 core and 13 peripheral BRCs. Core criteria primarily aligned with regulatory frameworks, while peripheral BRCs reflected context-dependent ecological attributes lacking consistent and scalable data. Open-access data were available for 14 core criteria across 10 databases. Our assessment of US-based SSAs revealed that 10 included core BRCs. Our findings indicate a need for improved access to fine-scale biodiversity data and coordination with agencies to improve SSAs.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climatic preferences of major plant clades define the functional attributes of African savanna types. 主要植物枝的气候偏好决定了非洲热带稀树草原类型的功能属性。

npj biodiversity Pub Date : 2026-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-026-00138-5

Vitus Pickelmann, Steven I Higgins

{"title":"Climatic preferences of major plant clades define the functional attributes of African savanna types.","authors":"Vitus Pickelmann, Steven I Higgins","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00138-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00138-5","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting how the Earth system will respond to global change includes simplifying the functional diversity induced by thousands of plant species into tractable units. The dominant strategy has been to aggregate species into plant functional types (PFTs), assuming that selection leads to unrelated species converging to similar ecological roles. An alternative would be to harness niche conservatism, the tendency of lineages to retain ancestral ecological traits, and assume that phylogenetically related species tend to have similar ecological roles. Using African savannas as case study, we use phylogenetically defined groups to identify phytoclimes: climate-defined regions that support distinct sets of plant types. We found that taxonomically-based phytoclimes aligned with a respected expert map of Africa. Moreover, this scheme could be reconciled with existing conceptual models used to describe the functional diversity of savannas. This alignment of phylogenetic and functional interpretations suggests that African savannas are dominated by a limited set of pre-adapted taxa, rather than arising through widespread convergence. Our findings suggest that phylogenetic information can provide a parsimonious, functional basis for representing ecosystem diversity in global change models. Harnessing this alignment between phylogenetic and functional groupings offers a promising route for improving the predictive ability of Earth system models.","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13269999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0