npj biodiversity最新文献

{"title":"Public responses to biodiversity loss terminology and crisis framing.","authors":"Wändi Bruine de Bruin, Monica Dean, Carling Monder, Allison Agsten, Moa Cortobius, Georgia Silvera Seamans, Robert Spaull, Kimberly Tenggardjaja","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00163-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00163-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To avoid the technical term \"biodiversity loss\", public communications often refer to \"nature loss\" or \"extinction of plants and animals\" or apply crisis framing by stating \"biodiversity crisis,\" \"nature crisis,\" or \"extinction crisis.\" To assess public responses to these terms, we conducted a randomized survey experiment with 7338 U.S. adults. Participants were randomly assigned to one term (biodiversity loss, nature loss, extinction of plants and animals, biodiversity crisis, nature crisis, or extinction crisis), either alone or in the context of an explanation and photos of plants and animals. With and without context, \"biodiversity loss\" and \"biodiversity crisis\" received the lowest ratings of familiarity, concern, perceived urgency, and conservation support. \"Extinction of plants and animals\" generally received the highest ratings. \"Nature loss\" performed similarly to this term when context was provided. Crisis framing had little to no effect. Terminology effects were strongest for political Independents. We discuss implications for public communications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149241085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathbreak: A Biodiversity-Food-Governance Game for experiential reimagination of social-environmental futures.","authors":"Ilkhom Soliev, Michał Pająk, Maryna Bykova, Marco A Janssen","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00160-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00160-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social dilemmas are central to addressing biodiversity loss, yet tools to make them tangible remain critically scarce. Pathbreak: A Biodiversity-Food-Governance Game provides an engaging and hands-on experience to explore social dilemmas between short- and long-term, individual and collective interests, alongside those pertaining to trust, elections, democracy, intersectionality, and power. The platform offers researchers and practitioners a unique arena to study and foster collective learning and reimagine alternative social-environmental futures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for unit-level biodiversity credit integrity and market-level governance.","authors":"Lara Marie Pelka, Megan Meacham, Hassan Aftab Sheikh","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00161-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00161-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodiversity credits (BCs) are one innovative financing scheme that the Global Biodiversity Framework proposes to mobilise private capital and narrow the biodiversity financing gap. BCs and the voluntary biodiversity markets (VBMs) around them are nascent, offering an opportunity to learn from shortcomings of the adjacent voluntary carbon markets and design them for both ecological and social integrity from the outset. This paper examines the requirements for the effective functioning of BCs and VBMs at the unit and market levels. We propose a requirements framework based on a horizon scan and semi-structured interviews with market participants. Key five unit-level criteria, comprising four environmental integrity criteria (measurement and monitoring, durability, additionality and leakage minimisation) and one social integrity criterion (environmental and social safeguards), are proposed. At the market level, three components underpin functioning VBMs: clearly defined, fairly allocated and easily transferable rights. Building on lessons from carbon markets, we derived mitigation measures to guide the development of an improved market architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining the nature-positive economy: key concepts, challenges, and ways forward.","authors":"Niak Sian Koh, Marianne Zandersen, Joseph W Bull, Jomme Desair, Dharmendra Kapletia, Benjamin Kupilas, Siobhan McQuaid","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00157-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00157-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rejuvenescence suggests recurrent coral responses in Miocene and modern reefs near upper thermal tolerance limits.","authors":"Markus Reuter, Werner E Piller, Mathias Harzhauser, Francesca R Bosellini, Fabrizio Lirer, Tayebeh Mohtat, Diego K Kersting","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00152-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00152-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding coral-climate interactions through deep time is essential for evaluating reef resilience under ongoing climate change. Rejuvenescence is a rare and poorly documented phenomenon in fossil and extant reef-building scleractinian corals, involving polyp contraction followed by regeneration, and has previously been described as a survival strategy for coping with acute thermal stress in a living species. Here, we report evidence of rejuvenescence from a fossil reef in the Makran region of Iran, dated to the Miocene Climatic Optimum, and place it within an ecological and evolutionary framework. Its occurrence in both Miocene Iranian Acanthastrea cf. polygonalis and modern Mediterranean Cladocora caespitosa, despite their phylogenetic, temporal, and biogeographic separation, suggests a recurrent morphogenetic response associated with inferred thermal stress and potentially linked to metabolic downregulation, while its evolutionary origin remains unresolved between deep homology and convergent evolution. This putative role of rejuvenescence in promoting survival appears to be restricted to individual colonies or species and does not translate into thermal resilience at the reef-community scale. Accordingly, current evidence does not support rejuvenescence as a mechanism enhancing coral reef climate resistance but instead identifies it as an indicator of conditions approaching upper thermal tolerance limits in reef ecosystems across geological timescales.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reforming Spartina alterniflora policies for sustainable coastal resilience: an evidence-based adaptive strategy.","authors":"Fu Wang, Hong Wang, Qian Yu, Peng Yang, Shu Gao, Yunzhuang Hu, Xueqiang Lu","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00149-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00149-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13443920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148682093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel DNA profiling method for individual sample matching and its applications to wildlife diagnostics.","authors":"Kyle M Ewart, Rob Ogden","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00148-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00148-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of DNA analysis to match individual biological samples is central to many wildlife diagnostic applications and is particularly valuable in illegal wildlife trade investigations. However, although thousands of wildlife and plant species are affected by illegal trade, DNA profiling systems for individual identification exist for only a small number of taxa. This is primarily due to the need for extensive population reference data to enable conclusive interpretation of DNA profile matches, a key requirement in diagnostic contexts. Here, we introduce a novel approach that does not require population reference data to interpret an individual profile match and can be used with any set of genetic markers on a case-by-case basis. This approach, called 'heterozygote analysis for reference-free probability assessment' (HARP), is based on ultra-conservative match probability estimates using only heterozygote genotypes and assuming both alleles have a frequency of 0.5 in the population. HARP effectively eliminates the need for population reference data and standard marker panels and is therefore completely adaptable to any novel individual identification scenario. We demonstrate HARP using three case studies spanning a range of species and diagnostic scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148428373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Europe's bottlenecks to the operationalisation of Essential Biodiversity Variables for Environmental Policy Support.","authors":"Alejandra Morán-Ordóñez, Maria Blasi, Joana Santana, Pedro Beja, Tom D Breeze, Laurence Carvalho, Ana Cristina Cardoso, Sara Fraixedas, Gabriel Gargallo, Eugenio Gervasini, Sergi Herrando, Borja Jiménez Alfaro, Jessi Junker, W Daniel Kissling, Vujadin Kovacevic, Tom Langendoen, Adrià López-Baucells, Maria Lumbierres, Anne Lyche Solheim, Chiara Magliozzi, Sophie Mentzel, Gabriel Miret-Minard, S Jannicke Moe, Francisco Moreira, Diego Pavón-Jordán, Henrique M Pereira, Simon G Potts, Judy Shamoun-Baranes, Roy H A van Grunsven, Dani Villero, Lluís Brotons","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00147-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00147-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The operationalisation of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) is critical for assessing whether conservation and restoration measures effectively meet the biodiversity objectives outlined in national and international commitments such as the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. EBVs provide a standardized framework of biological measurements that enable the evaluation, reporting, and management of biodiversity changes across time, space, and biological levels. At the EU scale, the Europa Biodiversity Observation Network (EuropaBON) identified 84 EBVs that are key to supporting EU environmental policies. Here, we evaluated 17 coordinated European monitoring programmes to identify bottlenecks in biodiversity data flows that could operationalise EBVs across freshwater, terrestrial, and marine realms in Europe. We evaluated these bottlenecks using a qualitative framework applicable across taxonomic, spatio-temporal, and ecosystem scales. Our analysis identified several persistent challenges to the operationalisation of EBVs at supranational scales: misalignment between monitoring data outputs and EBV definitions; insufficient taxonomic, spatial, and temporal coverage; limited open access to raw data and data products, and incomplete automation of end-to-end data workflows. Certain taxonomic groups-including freshwater zooplankton, lichens, terrestrial arthropods, and crop pests-remain underrepresented, while marine EBVs are constrained by fragmented monitoring and inconsistent protocols. To overcome these challenges, securing long-term funding, coordinated hubs, harmonized protocols, and enhanced data integration are essential. These measures will enable the delivery of EBVs in Europe that comply with FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics) principles, supporting robust biodiversity policy assessments in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148414568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-Positive Tourism should prioritize biodiversity conservation.","authors":"Chia-Hsuan Hsu, Haruka Ono, Takahiro Kubo","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00145-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00145-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nature-Positive Tourism should place a stronger emphasis on biodiversity rather than on broader environmental issues. In this Perspective, we propose six guiding principles to operationalize this concept and better align tourism with biodiversity conservation goals. We emphasize that behavior change, nature-based solutions, maintaining habitats and wildlife in situ, and minimizing environmental impacts are essential for achieving nature-positive tourism. Together, these approaches can make meaningful contributions to biodiversity conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148383488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Holocene survival of marsupial megafauna on the north coast of New Guinea.","authors":"Loukas George Koungoulos, Isaac Alan Robert Kerr, Sue O'Connor","doi":"10.1038/s44185-026-00146-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44185-026-00146-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The timing and causes of the extinction of Pleistocene megafauna are unresolved issues in the natural history of Australia and New Guinea (Sahul). In Australia, megafauna are believed to have become extinct by c. 41ka, but in the Highlands of New Guinea some species persisted until the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), as late as c. 22ka. Here, we present the first evidence that one of these taxa survived beyond even this timeframe. We describe a manual phalanx from a megafaunal macropodid, probably referable to a quadrupedal, forest-dwelling member of the genus Protemnodon recovered from the Middle Holocene (6.8 - 5.3ka) archaeological deposit of Taora, a coastal rockshelter located west of Vanimo, Papua New Guinea. This late local persistence is likely a consequence of low human populations and a relatively small body size. Its disappearance from the region is coincident with broader decline in local mammalian diversity following post-glacial environmental change. Taora provides the first indication that any of Sahul's megafauna survived beyond the end of the LGM and highlights geographic and chronological variability in this diverse group's extinction history.</p>","PeriodicalId":520249,"journal":{"name":"npj biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13350911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}