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Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome: Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment. 活化磷酸肌肽3-激酶δ综合征:发病机制、临床表现和治疗。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-08-23 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.2504
Ke Zhu, Qifan Li, Lingli Han, Jinqiao Sun
{"title":"Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome: Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment.","authors":"Ke Zhu, Qifan Li, Lingli Han, Jinqiao Sun","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.2504","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.2504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is an autosomal dominant inborn errors of immunity resulting from gain of function mutations in the <i>PIK3CD</i> gene or loss of function mutations in the <i>PIK3R1</i> gene. These mutations lead to hyperactivation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways, causing complex deficiencies in cellular and humoral immunity. APDS patients exhibit diverse clinical manifestations including recurrent respiratory infections, nonneoplastic lymphoproliferation, an increasing risk of malignancy, and autoimmune diseases. Neurodevelopmental abnormalities, short stature, failure to thrive, and psychological disorders are also observed. Management strategies for APDS involve antibiotic prophylaxis and immunoglobulin replacement therapy, immunosuppressive therapies, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe cases. Targeted therapies, such as the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus and the elective Phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta inhibitor leniolisib, have emerged as promising options, demonstrating both safety and effectiveness. Continuous monitoring and further research are essential to optimize treatment strategies and understand the long-term implications of these interventions. This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of APDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"e2504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Growth parameters and food frequently consumed by Basotho children aged 6-24 months old at Maseru and Leribe districts of Lesotho: A cross-sectional study. 莱索托马塞卢和莱里贝地区6-24个月大的巴索托儿童的生长参数和经常食用的食物:一项横断面研究。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-08-13 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.2503
Mothusi Nyofane, Malebusa Rapotsane, Mohlotsane Moshao
{"title":"Growth parameters and food frequently consumed by Basotho children aged 6-24 months old at Maseru and Leribe districts of Lesotho: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mothusi Nyofane, Malebusa Rapotsane, Mohlotsane Moshao","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.2503","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.2503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undernutrition in children remains a public health concern. Despite the global efforts to address undernutrition, Lesotho continues to bear the highest burden of childhood undernutrition. The study assessed the anthropometric measurements and dietary intake of children aged 6-24 months. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 113 mother-child dyads attending clinic visits at Makoanyane Military Hospital (Maseru district); <i>n</i> = 50 and Motebang Hospital (Leribe district); <i>n</i> = 63. A structured sociodemographic and feeding practices questionnaires based on adapted World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaires were used. The usual food consumption was collected using an unquantified food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and <i>z</i> scores computation were done as per WHO standard guidelines. Statistics included percentages for categorical variables and means for continuous variables. The percentage of continued breastfeeding was 54.0% in Maseru and 28.6% in Leribe districts. Complementary feeds were introduced at the mean age of 5.3 ± 1.0 (Maseru) and 5.2 ± 1.3 months (Leribe). In Leribe, 84.1% of children were consuming maize porridge every day while in Maseru, 68.0% of children were consuming commercial baby cereal every day. The prevalence of wasting was 10.0% (Maseru) and 20.6% with 14.3% of severe wasting (Leribe). A higher percentage of stunting was observed in Leribe (36.5%) than in Maseru (20.0%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The prevalence of moderate and severe stunting was 8.0% and 12.0% in Maseru and 20.6% and 15.9% in Leribe, respectively. The prevalence of stunting is alarmingly high in Leribe. The findings suggest an urgent need to strengthen maternal and child health and nutrition programs to ameliorate feeding practices and nutritional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"3 1","pages":"e2503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One-way valves in breathing tubing reduce dead space during spontaneous breathing in anesthetized piglets. 呼吸管中的单向阀减少麻醉仔猪自主呼吸时的死亡空间。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-08-04 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.2502
Pan Li, Weiping Wang, Wen Gao, Yanling Tan, Yu Hu, Li Jiang
{"title":"One-way valves in breathing tubing reduce dead space during spontaneous breathing in anesthetized piglets.","authors":"Pan Li, Weiping Wang, Wen Gao, Yanling Tan, Yu Hu, Li Jiang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.2502","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.2502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circle breathing system was unsafe for spontaneous breathing because of hypercapnia during anesthesia. Few studies have examined the minimizing dead space in breathing tubing. This study investigated one-way valves in the breathing tubing during spontaneous breathing in piglets. Six female piglets aged 68-71 days spontaneously breathed sevoflurane for 4 h randomly via traditional or anti-rebreathing tubing. Arterial carbon dioxide tension (paCO<sub>2</sub>) and respiratory characteristics were used to assess spontaneous breathing efficiency. mRNA-based methods, immunohistochemistry, and histology were used to assess the lungs. After induction, all piglets had mild hypercapnia. Those who breathed via traditional tubing experienced severe hypercapnia and required assisted ventilation (mean [95% confidence interval for mean]: 3 [0.5; 5.5] times) over 4 h. Piglets who breathed via anti-rebreathing tubing were able to normalize without assisted ventilation in less than 3 h and maintained. paCO<sub>2</sub> was higher in the traditional group than the anti-rebreathing group at 3 and 4 hours (46.3 [42.1; 50.5] vs. 38.3 [34.1; 42.5] mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.020; 46.3 [42.6; 50.0] vs. 40.7 [37.0; 44.4] mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.040). However, one-way valves increased resistance to breathing. For the lungs, mRNA-based methods indicated higher expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase, cell division cycle 20, and cyclin B2 in the traditional group; immunohistochemistry identified higher expression of phosphorylated histone 2AX in the traditional group; histology showed similar damage between the groups. These findings suggest that one-way valves inside breathing tubing reduced dead space during spontaneous breathing and enhanced inhalation anesthesia advantages in the circle breathing system.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"e2502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Astrocytic connexin 43-hemichannels aggravate seizures by modulating blood-brain barrier permeability in temporal lobe epilepsy mice. 星形细胞连接蛋白43半通道通过调节颞叶癫痫小鼠血脑屏障通透性加重癫痫发作。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-08-02 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.2500
Honghong Song, Yi Li, Jiayu Liu, Xianshu Bai, Li Jiang, Tingsong Li
{"title":"Astrocytic connexin 43-hemichannels aggravate seizures by modulating blood-brain barrier permeability in temporal lobe epilepsy mice.","authors":"Honghong Song, Yi Li, Jiayu Liu, Xianshu Bai, Li Jiang, Tingsong Li","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.2500","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.2500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The involvement of astrocytic connexin 43 (Cx43) in epileptogenesis has been extensively studied through various approaches, yet the underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. In this study, we explored whether astrocytic Cx43 forms hemichannels (HCs) that contribute to seizure progression in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in mice. We focused on how these HCs influence the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis were employed to assess Cx43 expression in kainic acid-induced TLE mice, while BBB permeability was evaluated in TLE mice and those treated with TAT-Gap19 (an astrocytic Cx43 HC inhibitor) using Evans Blue permeation, serum S100β protein quantification, ZO-1 expression, and albumin extravasation into brain parenchyma via western blotting. Furthermore, seizure burden was monitored continuously using telemetric electroencephalography (EEG) and video monitoring in epileptic and TAT-Gap19-treated mice. Results demonstrated a significant increase in Cx43 content in hippocampal tissue in the TLE group, with a pronounced expression around blood vessels. TAT-GAP19 treatment alleviated EEG seizures and BBB permeability in TLE mice. These findings suggest that astrocytic Cx43 HCs in the hippocampus play a crucial role in epileptogenesis and seizure progression by regulating BBB permeability. Targeting Cx43-formed HCs distributed around the neurovascular unit may offer a novel therapeutic approach for epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"e2500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The potential of ribonucleotide reductase M2 as a novel prognostic maker and therapeutic target to inhibit medulloblastoma proliferation, migration, and invasiveness. 核糖核苷酸还原酶M2作为抑制成神经管细胞瘤增殖、迁移和侵袭性的新预后因子和治疗靶点的潜力。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-07-31 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.81
Xuanxuan Wu, Pan Gou, Chencheng Fang, Yudong Zhou, Lusheng Li, Xuan Zhai, Ping Liang
{"title":"The potential of ribonucleotide reductase M2 as a novel prognostic maker and therapeutic target to inhibit medulloblastoma proliferation, migration, and invasiveness.","authors":"Xuanxuan Wu, Pan Gou, Chencheng Fang, Yudong Zhou, Lusheng Li, Xuan Zhai, Ping Liang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.81","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The crucial role of ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) enzyme in cancer occurrence and progression has been well-established, but its specific function and significance in medulloblastoma (MB) remains largely unknown. First, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis of public genomic databases and observed highly expressed RRM2 in MB and an association of high RRM2 expression with adverse outcomes. In addition, by collecting clinical MB specimens for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), RRM2 was confirmed to be highly expressed in tumor tissues. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis linked adverse prognosis to high RRM2 expression. Moreover, knocking down RRM2 significantly inhibited MB cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. This report is the first to demonstrate the oncogenic role of RRM2 in MB, associated with adverse patient outcomes. Knocking down RRM2 contributes to weakened proliferating, migrating, and invading potentials of MB cells. RRM2 is expected to be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for MB.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"e81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nitric oxide donor S-Nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine for hepatic stellate cells to restore quiescence. 一氧化氮供体s -亚硝基- n -乙酰青霉胺用于肝星状细胞恢复静止。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-06-28 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.95
Junbao Du, Yin He, Wen Jia, Xiaohua Liang, Quan Kang, Yun He
{"title":"Nitric oxide donor S-Nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine for hepatic stellate cells to restore quiescence.","authors":"Junbao Du, Yin He, Wen Jia, Xiaohua Liang, Quan Kang, Yun He","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.95","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver fibrosis is a hepatic scar repair response associated with a wide range of liver injuries, which is mediated by an imbalance between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation, leading to massive ECM deposition and disruption of normal liver architecture. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main source of ECM during liver fibrosis and are the first identified cell subpopulation associated with liver fibrosis formation. Various current studies on the mechanism and treatment of liver fibrosis require resting-state HSCs as study subjects. However, spontaneous activation of primary HSCs occurs after 2-3 days of culture after isolation, and it is common that HSCs cell lines gradually differentiate into fibroblasts with culture time. This study provides an induction medium for quiescent HSCs-containing all-trans retinoic acid, sodium oleate, and S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP)-and an induction method. The induction method not only maintains the HSCs cell line in a quiescent state but also restores the activated HSCs to a quiescent state. The method has a good induction effect, short induction time, and convenient operation, which is worth being popularized and used in a wide range of laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 4","pages":"e95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emphasizing the understanding of social determinants of health during clerkship. 在实习期间强调对健康的社会决定因素的理解。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-06-27 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.100
Shabih Manzar
{"title":"Emphasizing the understanding of social determinants of health during clerkship.","authors":"Shabih Manzar","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 3","pages":"e100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of proactive therapeutic drug monitoring in guiding infliximab therapeutic optimization in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease: A retrospective study. 前瞻性治疗药物监测在指导小儿克罗恩病患者英夫利昔单抗治疗优化中的作用:一项回顾性研究
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-06-25 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.96
Junya Song, Huihui Zhang, Huihua Zhang, Ximing Xu, Xiaohua Liang, Yongfang Liu, Xiaomei Song, Hong Guo, Xue Zhan, Jinlin Song, Xiaoqin Zhou
{"title":"The role of proactive therapeutic drug monitoring in guiding infliximab therapeutic optimization in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease: A retrospective study.","authors":"Junya Song, Huihui Zhang, Huihua Zhang, Ximing Xu, Xiaohua Liang, Yongfang Liu, Xiaomei Song, Hong Guo, Xue Zhan, Jinlin Song, Xiaoqin Zhou","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.96","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) plays an important role in guiding treatment plan adjustments and clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease. To evaluate the role of TDM-guided optimization of infliximab dosage in patients with pediatric Crohn's disease. Medical records of patients with pediatric Crohn's disease who were treated with infliximab and had proactive TDM from June 2020 to June 2022 at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were included. Baseline influencing factors for infliximab trough concentration (TC) and clinical outcomes before and after the treatment change were analyzed to assess the value of adjusting treatment in the patients. Forty-six patients (male-to-female ratio = 1.55:1, age <18 years) were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that hormone exposure (odds ratio: 0.042, 95% confidence interval: 0.002-0.924, <i>p</i> = 0.044), perianal lesions (5.813, 0.984-34.349, <i>p</i> = 0.052), simplified endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (1.656, 1.065-2.577, <i>p</i> = 0.025), and total protein (TP) (0.851, 0.749-0.967, <i>p</i> = 0.014) were correlated with infliximab TC. Shortening the treatment interval increased the infliximab TC (pre vs. post = 1.69 ± 0.8 vs. 12.03 ± 6.64, <i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>n</i> = 12) after 93.9 ± 37.47 days, decreased the pediatric Crohn's disease activity index and simplified endoscopic score for Crohn's disease, and increased the biochemical remission, clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and endoscopic response rates; however, there was no statistical significance. Hormone exposure, perianal lesions, simplified endoscopic score for Crohn's disease, and TP levels before the first infliximab use affected the infliximab TC. Shortening the treatment interval can improve infliximab TC levels and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 4","pages":"e96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dermatoscopic features of pyogenic granuloma in children. 儿童化脓性肉芽肿的皮肤镜特征。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-06-17 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.73
Shijuan Yu, Hua Wang, Qi Tan, Li Wang, Xiaoyan Luo, Jingyi He
{"title":"Dermatoscopic features of pyogenic granuloma in children.","authors":"Shijuan Yu, Hua Wang, Qi Tan, Li Wang, Xiaoyan Luo, Jingyi He","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical appearances of Pyogenic granuloma (PG) in children are not as typical as in adults. Meanwhile, skin biopsy is hard to accept for parents in most of time. Therefore, data of PG in children has been deprived. To analyze the dermoscopic features of PG in children in order to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment and to reduce the probability of invasive examination. A single-center retrospective study conducted from 1 January 2022 to 30 August 2022 summarized and analyzed the clinical data and dermoscopic features of patients clinically diagnosed with PG. A total of 36 patients were involved, 61.11% were males, 72.22% occurred in the face. Over 50% patients had the following dermoscopic patterns: reddish homogeneous area (100%), white collarette (91.7%), yellow-white scales (69.4%), vascular structures (52.8%), and white rail lines (55.6%). Regression analysis found that gender and courses of disease had a statistically significant impact on part of the dermoscopic patterns. The proportions of dermoscopic features with yellow-white scales (69.4%), dark red scabs (27.8%), and bleeding (27.8%) in this study were higher than in previous studies (26.7%, 10%, and 10%, respectively). Dermoscope is a practical diagnostic tool for PG in children. It is necessary to consider gender, disease course and lesion locations when PG is diagnosed using dermoscope. The characteristics of yellow-white scales, dark red scabs, and bleeding are the microscopic features that distinguish pediatric patients with PG from adult patients, which should be given special attention to in pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"e73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The emerging application of ultrasound technology in pediatric bone fractures: Clinical application, related issues and development prospect. 超声技术在小儿骨折中的新兴应用:临床应用、相关问题及发展前景。
Pediatric discovery Pub Date : 2024-05-28 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.69
Xiang Li, Xing Liu, Mingyan Shi, Man Zhang, Peikang Wang, Xinkai Zhang
{"title":"The emerging application of ultrasound technology in pediatric bone fractures: Clinical application, related issues and development prospect.","authors":"Xiang Li, Xing Liu, Mingyan Shi, Man Zhang, Peikang Wang, Xinkai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/pdi3.69","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pdi3.69","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasonography has begun to be applied to the examination of fractures in recent years owing to its safety, noninvasiveness, portability, and high sensitivity. The subcutaneous soft tissue of children is thinner than that of adults, children's bones have a high level of elasticity and a low level of brittleness, and the pediatric fractures heal quickly and produce more callus, therefore ultrasonography is a more suitable examination in pediatric bone fractures. In this paper, we intend to review the mechanism, performance, and examination effect of ultrasound examination in bone fractures, analyze the advantages and disadvantages between ultrasound imaging and X-ray imaging, and further propose an outlook for the application of ultrasound technology in pediatric bone fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":520221,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric discovery","volume":"2 2","pages":"e69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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