CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.59
Diego De Leo
{"title":"Cross-cultural research widens suicide prevention horizons.","authors":"Diego De Leo","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.59","url":null,"abstract":"“The rate of suicide varies greatly from country to country [. . .] and yet in each separate country the rate remains remarkably constant from year to year, except when some major event such as world war supervenes. This has prompted sociologists, from the time of Morselli and Durkheim to the present day, to try to identify some of the cultural and environmental factors that are responsible for this consistency.” (Carstairs, 1964).","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.59","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28318709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suicidal behavior by burns in the province of Fars, Iran.","authors":"Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari, Reza Alaghehbandan, Mohammad-Reza Panjeshahin, Mohammad-Taghi Joghataei","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While suicide by burns is a relatively uncommon form of suicide in developed countries, it is one of the most common methods of suicide in the Middle East region including Iran.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe epidemiologic characteristics of suicidal behaviors by burns in the province of Fars, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective population-based study of all suicidal behaviors by burns requiring hospitalization was conducted in the province of Fars, Iran, from March 21, 2005 to March 20, 2006. Data were obtained from patients, family members, and/or significant others through interviews during the course of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 125 patients with suicidal behavior by burns requiring hospitalization were identified during the study period, representing an overall incidence rate of 4.3 per 100,000 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 3.6-5.1). Females (6.2 per 100,000) had a higher rate of suicidal behavior by burns than males (2.4 per 100,000; p < .001). The age-specific rate of suicidal behavior by burns peaked at age 20-29 years (10.1 per 100,000). The rate of suicidal behavior by burns was higher among single (7.2 per 100,000) vs. married persons (4.2 per 100,000; p = 0.03). Single males aged 20-39 years and young married women aged 15-29 years were at greatest risk of suicidal behavior by burns. The most common precipitating factor (74.4%) for suicidal behavior was a quarrel with a family member, a relative, and/or a friend.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high rate of suicidal behavior by burns among young/married women in Fars is of concern. Social, cultural, and economic factors may contribute to suicidal behavior and need to be addressed through education, support, and commitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"98-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.73
Carlos Filinto da Silva Cais, Sabrina Stefanello, Marisa Lúcia Fabrício Mauro, Gisleine Vaz Scavacini de Freitas, Neury José Botega
{"title":"Factors associated with repeated suicide attempts. Preliminary results of the WHO Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behavior (SUPRE-MISS) from Campinas, Brazil.","authors":"Carlos Filinto da Silva Cais, Sabrina Stefanello, Marisa Lúcia Fabrício Mauro, Gisleine Vaz Scavacini de Freitas, Neury José Botega","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study compares sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 102 first-time hospital-treated suicide attempters (first-evers) with a group of 101 repeat suicide attempters (repeaters) consecutively admitted to a general hospital in Brazil, during the intake phase of the WHO Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviors (SUPRE-MISS).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of first-time hospital-treated suicide attempters (first-evers) with a group of repeat suicide attempters (repeaters).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A standardized interview and psychometric scales were administered to all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repetition was associated with being of female sex (OR = 2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-6.2), a housewife (OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.2-11.8), and having a score above median on the Beck Depression Inventory (OR = 5.2; 95% CI = 1.7-15.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that repeaters, namely, depressed housewives who have attempted suicide previously, need specific treatment strategies in order to avoid future suicide attempts.</p>","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"73-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.106
Abdul Mueed Zafar, Aimon Fatima
{"title":"Suicide bombings - a word of caution.","authors":"Abdul Mueed Zafar, Aimon Fatima","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"106-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.94
Neil Aggarwal
{"title":"Rethinking suicide bombing.","authors":"Neil Aggarwal","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current issues in the emerging psychiatric literature on suicide bombing tend to center around the pathologies of suicide bombers and the role of psychiatry as an adequate tool for analysis.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Attention to broader social science research may allow mental health professionals to develop more accurate models of behavior to explain and possibly prevent future attacks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The psychiatric literature on suicide bombing was reviewed and compared to similar anthropological literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A probe into the methodologies of researching suicide bombing, definitions of \"war\" and \"terrorism\", and beliefs on life, death, homicide, and suicide demonstrate that most of the psychiatric literature reflects a particular perspective which aspires towards a certain universalism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anthropological approaches can disclose standpoints taken for granted since any interventions with respect to suicide bombing must eventually account for values which are ultimately culturally determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"94-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.94","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.90
Osman Ozdel, Gulfizar Varma, Figen C Atesci, Nalan K Oguzhanoglu, Filiz Karadag, Tarkan Amuk
{"title":"Characteristics of suicidal behavior in a Turkish sample.","authors":"Osman Ozdel, Gulfizar Varma, Figen C Atesci, Nalan K Oguzhanoglu, Filiz Karadag, Tarkan Amuk","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.90","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicidal behavior is one of the most important problems in psychiatric clinics. Several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics may have different effects on suicidal behavior.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of a sample of 144 suicide attempters admitted to a Turkish emergency clinic for a suicide attempt.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All subjects were interviewed by a consultant psychiatrist. For all individuals, data on DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses, sociodemographic data, Beck's Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Becks's Suicidal Ideation Scale (SIS), and Beck's Suicidal Intention Scale (BSIS) were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of suicide attempters were females characterized by low educational status and low religious orientation. Drug overdose was the most common method of suicide attempt and conflict within the family was the most frequent psychological stress factor. Three-quarters of attempters (74.6%) met DSM-IV criteria for at least one psychiatric diagnosis. Of these, 28.5% met criteria for major depressive disorder. Suicide attempters with depression tended to be immigrant, urban dwellers with high scores on the suicide intent scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, the findings are useful in showing the risk factors related to suicidal behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"90-3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.90","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.79
P W C Wong, W S C Chan, T K Lau, P R Morgan, P S F Yip
{"title":"Suicides by jumping from iconic bridges in Hong Kong.","authors":"P W C Wong, W S C Chan, T K Lau, P R Morgan, P S F Yip","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three bridges in Hong Kong have become iconic sites for suicide since their openings 11 years ago.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This retrospective record-based study aimed to examine suicides by jumping from a group of three iconic bridges in Hong Kong, and to explore potential preventive strategies on these bridges to prevent future suicide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the Coroner's files of 12 people who killed themselves by jumping from the bridges between 1997 and 2007. We also examined the Coroner's files of other suicides in 2003, and compared them with the bridge suicides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the suicides were male, middle-age (40-59 years), married or cohabiting, not living alone, employed or self-employed, and in financial difficulty. None of these cases had a reported psychiatric diagnosis or psychiatric care history, and only one case had a history of suicidal attempt. Compared with other suicides in Hong Kong, the bridge jumpers were more likely to be younger, holding a job, indebted, free from a psychiatric and attempt history, and to leave a suicide note (p < .05). The bridge suicide cases in Hong Kong also appeared to be different from the profiles of bridge jumpers in other countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Erection of an effective safety barrier has been found to prevent bridge suicides in many countries. Given the different characteristics of bridge jumpers in Hong Kong and the technical difficulties, more innovative ways may be needed to prevent suicides by such means. Potential prevention measures are discussed and, hopefully, will better inform the future design and development of bridges of significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.30.2.79","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28241447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1027/cri.2004.25.4.C3
{"title":"Instructions for Contributors.","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/cri.2004.25.4.C3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/cri.2004.25.4.C3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/cri.2004.25.4.C3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33860188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.25.4.191
{"title":"Suicide by Cop.","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910.25.4.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.25.4.191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1027/0227-5910.25.4.191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33859724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CrisisPub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1027//0227-5910.25.4.195
{"title":"International Association for Suicide Prevention.","authors":"","doi":"10.1027//0227-5910.25.4.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.25.4.195","url":null,"abstract":"On World Suicide Prevention Day, September 10, 2010, the theme “Many Faces, Many Places: Suicide Prevention across the World” offers us a broad perspective for suicide prevention. There are significant differences in the profiles and circumstances of suicidal individuals in different parts of the world. At the same time, it is clear that the experience of connectedness is important in the mental health of all people.","PeriodicalId":520108,"journal":{"name":"Crisis","volume":" ","pages":"195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33860187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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