Advanced biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"From medicine to fields: what the 2026 nobel prize means for agricultural biotechnology.","authors":"Zhan-Yan Zhang, Qing-Qing Liu, B Marambe, Barana C Jayawardana, Ge-Fei Hao, Wen-Chao Yang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00142-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-026-00142-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-domain signal grammars of transcription termination.","authors":"Shouqing Hou, Hongru Ma, Xuye Lang, Yuan Yao","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00134-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00134-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcription termination establishes gene boundaries, recycles RNA polymerase, and prevents interference between neighboring transcription units. Termination depends on cis-acting elements, trans-acting factors, and the susceptibility of the elongation complex to pausing, cleavage, destabilization, or release. Predicted motifs, stable RNA ends, processing sites, readthrough regions, and polymerase-release regions are nevertheless often treated as measurements of the same event, which complicates mechanistic comparison and model development. This review compares termination signals as context-dependent rule systems in which sequence determinants, RNA structure and accessibility, and processing sites are interpreted through their order and spacing, molecular readers, conditional gates, and kinetic windows. It examines bacterial intrinsic and Rho-dependent termination, archaeal U-rich and cleavage-linked routes, PAS-centered RNAPII termination, and nuclear Pol I, Pol III, and specialized RNAPII pathways, showing how shared kinetic constraints are met by divergent molecular solutions shaped by cellular organization. Matching each signal feature to the measurement that supports it clarifies cross-domain comparisons and guides transcriptome-wide analysis, prediction, and terminator engineering in defined biological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149208338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize STEM BENDING1 controls plant architecture through cell wall and auxin pathways.","authors":"Shiya Zhao, Babar Farid, Xintong Liu, Liang Dong, Fang Yang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00136-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00136-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crop yield is largely determined by plant architecture. Identifying the key genes responsible for maize architecture can help optimize plant architecture for high-density planting. Here, we characterized a dominant stem bending mutant (Stb1) in maize, which exhibited bent stems and curved leaves leading to a slanted architecture. Genetic mapping delimited Stb1 to a 3.7 Mb interval on chromosome 1. Transcriptome analysis suggested that Stb1 mutation impaired the molecular pathways related to cell wall components and environmental stimuli. Consistently, lignin and hemicellulose contents were altered between the convex side and concave side of Stb1 stems. In addition, the shoot gravitropism regulator LAZY1 transcripts and endogenous auxin levels were differentially accumulated between the two sides of Stb1 stems. Our study reveals that STB1 plays a role in maintaining upright stems through cell wall and auxin-related pathways, providing a new target for optimizing maize shoot architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149208410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light as a master switch: a critical review of photonanozymes from design to applications.","authors":"Faria Fatima, Syed Saqib Ali Zaidi, Yang Guang, He Huang, Xiao-Man Sun","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00138-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00138-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the widespread industrial applications of nanozymes, their usage is often limited by mechanistic factors. They lack reaction control with catalyst fouling, which limits catalytic turnover and makes nanozyme recovery an energy-intensive process at large scale. These mechanistic challenges have been addressed by the evolution of photoresponsiveness into nanozymes called as photonanozymes (PNZs). This research is focused to critically assess the architecure of photonanozymes leading to photoresponsivness. A three domain framework deconstructing photoresponsive mechanism with research road map to guided subsequent investigation constitutes the distinctive contribution of this review. The photoresponsive architechture elucidates the mechanism of light gated catalysis governed by wavelength selectivity and spatiotemporal precison. Thereby, expanding the enzyme mimicking catalysis and its applciations in environmental remediation, theragnostics, cancer therapy, biosensing and biofuel synthesis. Rather than merely describing the operating principles of photonanozymes, rational foundation is build up which determines future design. Challenges impeding photocatalytic mechanisms are critically examined including limited wavelength selectivity, insufficient opertional stability and difficulty of achieving reproducible and scalable synthesis. Presented review strategizes a forward-looking roadmap centered around robust PNZ design, standardized performance, and translation of light-programmable catalysis from laboratory proof-of-concept to practical technology. Through a rigorous and comprehensive examination of inherent complexities, it frames PNZs as a transformative step towards programmable, self-healing nanomaterials with controlled implications, serving as an invaluable resource for those seeking orientation within photocatalysis. Furthermore, it reaches beyond its immediate boundaries, presenting new ideas, evidence-based conclusions, and prospective directions intended to influence the course of future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial multi-omics uncovers an invasive-desmoplastic cellular community with prognostic and therapeutic implications in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Chang-Hao Liang, Hua Ye, Hui Xu, Chen Fang, Jian-Ping Lian, Yue-Qin Chen, Wen-Tao Wang, Bo He","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00141-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-026-00141-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a dense desmoplastic stroma and profound spatial heterogeneity, yet the multicellular organizational principles governing its tumor microenvironment remain poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq; n = 9) and spatial transcriptomics (n = 4), integrating 61,234 single cells and 30,430 spots to identify an invasive-frontier myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (IF-myCAF), which is characterized by elevated expression of ACTA2, TAGLN, COL11A1, THBS2, CTHRC1, and POSTN. IF-myCAFs were validated in eight independent PDAC cohorts (159 samples with 67,959 CAFs), showing conserved transcriptional programs and representing a major CAF subpopulation across datasets. Spatial cellular community (CC) analysis identified five recurrent CCs that delineated the multicellular organization of PDAC. Notably, the invasive-desmoplastic CC (ID-CC), which localized to the tumor-stroma interface, was defined by a 5.8-fold enrichment of IF-myCAF; within this community, IF-myCAF colocalized with malignant ductal cells and macrophages. We also found that the ID-CC transcriptional signature was independently associated with worse outcome in TCGA-PAAD. Furthermore, ligand-receptor (LR) analysis of 4,009 IF-myCAF-associated LR pairs identified IF-myCAF as the predominant cell population mediating ECM-related intercellular signaling within ID-CC. Structure-based virtual screening against four IF-myCAF-derived ligand-receptor axes mediating intercellular communication within this community (THBS2-CD47, CTHRC1-FZD8, PPIA-BSG/CD147, MIF-CD74) identified five multi-target drug-repurposing candidates, including conivaptan, lonafarnib, rucaparib, desloratadine, and ketotifen. Collectively, this study first identified a novel CAF subpopulation, IF-myCAF, and established a CC-based organizational scheme for PDAC spatial architecture. Our findings advance our understanding of spatial ecosystem-level stromal heterogeneity in PDAC and suggest targeting IF-myCAF-driven signaling within ID-CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single-cell profile of the porcine immune repertoire: concurrent profiling of T cell receptor and B cell receptor V(D)J sequences in health.","authors":"Hao Zhang, Qixin Zhang, He Zhang, Panfei Wang, Rui Geng, Rufei Pan, Chao Li, Feifei Shi, Jie Liu, Yang Wu, Yongchang Cao","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00139-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00139-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adaptive immune diversity is shaped by the complex organization of T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires across tissues. However, a systematic cross-tissue immune repertoire profiling in healthy pigs is still lacking. In this study, we used 3 14-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) crossbred piglets, all of which were male. After sample purification, a total of 71,731 cells were retained. We established single-cell profiling integrating paired BCR and TCR repertoires across 11 immune-associated tissues using single-cell RNA sequencing combined with V(D)J sequencing based on DLY crossbred piglets. Diverse populations of immune cells were identified, with significant tissue-specific heterogeneity being revealed in lymphatic, mucosal, and circulatory organs. Immune repertoire analysis demonstrated biased V(D)J gene usage, conserved complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) length distributions, preferential receptor pairing patterns, and extensive clonotype diversity. Cross-tissue analyses further revealed coordinated clonotype sharing and distinct clonal expansion patterns among immune cell subsets. In addition, using the Pig-specific V(D)J primers we designed, the sequencing results have achieved a modest improvement in the detection of immunoglobulin alleles compared to previous studies. It is expected to provide a more reliable technical solution for related research. Collectively, this work provides a comprehensive reference profiling of the healthy DLY crossbred piglet adaptive immune system and offers valuable resources for future studies of porcine immunology, infectious diseases, and vaccine responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"hTERT-immortalized mouse alveolar macrophages retain primary-like transcriptional and functional programs.","authors":"Xinyi Hu, Youxiang Cheng, Zekai Qian, Zhen Li, Yixiao Liang, Huan Wu, Wenwen Song, Anlong Xu, Yong Ge, Shaochun Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00130-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00130-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149032549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A GRX-SOD module maintains superoxide homeostasis and meristem development in maize.","authors":"Ting Guo, Xintong Liu, Ruoshu Yang, Yajie Wang, Fang Yang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00133-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00133-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuous initiation of plant aerial organs relies on the maintenance of dynamic stem cell homeostasis within the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as crucial signals determining cell fate, how plants precisely maintain SAM-specific ROS homeostasis remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that a redox regulatory module comprising the maize CC-type glutaredoxin MSCA1 and its homologs regulates meristem architecture by maintaining superoxide homeostasis in the SAM. We found that the superoxide anion (O₂^•-) is specifically enriched in the central zone of the maize SAM, whereas the loss of the GRX module leads to strikingly decreased O₂^•- accumulation, resulting in SAM size reduction and impaired leaf formation. MSCA1 physically interacts with the superoxide dismutase ZmCSD5, and loss of GRX function is associated with elevated total SOD activity, supporting a working model in which MSCA1 may restrain ZmCSD5-associated SOD activity and thereby limit excessive O₂^•- scavenging in the SAM. Furthermore, loss-of-function zmcsd5 mutants exhibit a significantly enlarged SAM, genetically supporting the proposed MSCA1-ZmCSD5 regulatory module. Our findings reveal how superoxide homeostasis is precisely maintained in the SAM to control development, providing potential genetic targets for the molecular improvement of crop architecture and yield traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specificity-driven graph learning for the identification of rare cell states.","authors":"Liangzhen Hou, Zheng Hu","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00132-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00132-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MYDGF as a telomerase activator and therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.","authors":"Yijun He, Chujun Li, Kexin Chen, Xining Wang, Shengxin Xu, Zhifen Zhou, Li Yin, Jialu Zheng, Yifan Wu, Wenbin Ma, Zhou Songyang, Yan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-026-00119-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44307-026-00119-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) involves progressive cartilage breakdown. This is driven by impaired chondrocyte function and an imbalance in the extracellular matrix homeostasis. However, the key upstream regulators that maintain healthy chondrocytes are still not fully known. Here, we report that myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF) is a novel regulator of telomerase activity and is critical for cartilage health. Using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen with a TERT reporter system, MYDGF was identified as a strong positive regulator of telomerase. Functional studies confirmed that MYDGF positively regulates TERT expression and telomerase activity in both HeLa and ATDC5 cells. In a mouse surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) OA model, MYDGF knockout (KO) mice exhibited more severe cartilage damage. Conversely, delivering MYDGF into the knee joint using AAV virus partially alleviated cartilage injury. Transcriptome profiling revealed that MYDGF-deficient chondrocytes exhibit downregulated key pathways involved in matrix building and upregulated inflammatory signals, indicating a shift in cell state. In summary, our work establishes MYDGF as a key upstream factor for both telomerase and cartilage matrix homeostasis remodeling. It connects telomerase function to chondrocyte health. These findings also highlight MYDGF as a promising new target for treating osteoarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":519913,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biotechnology","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}