Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics and Distribution of Fungal Meningitis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Armina Khalilzadegan, Ali Mohammad Hadianfard, Alireza Ekram, Marzieh Mehrabinia, Beheshteh Shirali, Nasrin Amirrajab","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.503","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2025.503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Meningitis is one of the most severe manifestations of fungal infections in the central nervous system. Various microorganisms, including fungi, can cause the disease. Understanding the prevalence of fungal meningitis is crucial for identifying geographical areas with higher incidence rates and improving prevention, control, and treatment strategies. This study aimed to highlight gaps in understanding disease-causing factors and vulnerable populations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to systematically review articles on fungal meningitis from 2014 to 2023. Relevant articles were screened for eligibility and quality-checked using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools before inclusion in the final analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 articles were included in the review. Most of the articles on the prevalence of fungal meningitis were published in 2015. The highest number of studies were conducted in the United States, southern African countries, and Brazil. <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp. was identified as the primary cause of fungal meningitis in 84.8% of the articles. Additionally, HIV was the most commonly associated medical condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review provides an overview of the global epidemiology of fungal meningitis and underscores its significant burden. While progress has been made in understanding the epidemiology of the disease, major challenges remain in early diagnosis, access to effective treatment, and management of complications. Continued research and improved access to healthcare resources are critical to mitigating the impact of this life-threatening condition worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 2","pages":"114-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Nocardiosis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Ibrutinib: A Case Report.","authors":"Hasibullah Yaqoobi, Yusuf Ziya Demiroğlu, Hayriye Altunay, Mehmet Ali Habeşoğlu, Tunzala Asgarova, Emre Durdağ","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.482","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2025.482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Nocardia</i> spp. causes localized and disseminated infections, particularly in individuals with humoral and cellular immune deficiencies or those receiving immunosuppressive treatments that target cellular immunity. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nocardiosis can lead to increased mortality due to its tendency to invade the central nervous system. Ibrutinib, a drug used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suppresses B cells, thereby predisposing patients to opportunistic infections such as nocardiosis. In this report, a case of disseminated nocardiosis with pulmonary and brain abscesses caused by <i>Nocardia farcinica</i> in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with ibrutinib is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 2","pages":"220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ignaz Philip Semmelweis: The Tragic Pioneer of Hand Hygiene.","authors":"Şiran Keske","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.747","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2025.747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 2","pages":"232-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Serial Monitoring of Laboratory Parameters in Determining the Need for Intensive Care in Severe COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Elif Nur Özbay-Haliloğlu, Zeynep Tekin-Taş","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.508","DOIUrl":"10.36519/idcm.2025.508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Laboratory parameters play a critical role in monitoring and prognosticating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there there is limited research regarding the role of serial laboratory parameter monitoring in forecasting prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the trend of serial serum biomarker monitoring in patients with severe COVID-19 and determine its role in predicting the need for intensive care.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center study included all patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with severe COVID-19 and hospitalized between March 1 and November 30, 2021. Serial laboratory measurements - including lymphocyte count, platelet (PLT) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), D-dimer, ferritin, lactatedehydrogenase (LDH), and troponin I - were recorded on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 from ward admission to intensive care unit (ICU) transfer. Patients who required ICU were compared to those who did not, regarding demographics, clinical features, and serial laboratory measurements. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for each serial laboratory parameter to assess its predictive value for ICU admission, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 773 patients were included, of whom 20.1% required ICU care. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in lymphocyte count, PLT, and troponin I across all measurements. CRP, D-dimer, and LDH showed significant differences between the groups on days 2, 4, 6, and 8. The AUC values of lymphocyte count, PLT, CRP, LDH, and troponin I increased in a time-dependent manner from day 0 to day 8, with an observed increase in statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dynamic monitoring of lymphocyte count, PLT, CRP, LDH, and troponin I was found to be valuable in predicting poor outcomes related to COVID-19. We believe that our study can assist clinicians in predicting ICU needs in patients with severe COVID-19 through widely accessible laboratory tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 2","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144628821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Detection of Pathogens and Resistance Genes Grown in Blood Cultures with Two Multiplex Tandem Real-Time PCR Kits.","authors":"Barış Gülhan, Aytekin Çıkman, Merve Aydın, Mürşit Hasbek, Tuncer Özekinci, Sümeyye Akyüz, Faruk Karakeçili","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, two multiplex tandem real-time PCR kits were used to rapidly diagnose common Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli, detect their commonly seen antibiotic resistance genes, and evaluate the two kits' performance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gram-positive 12 (GP-12) kit (AusDiagnostics, Australia) and Gram-negative 12 (GN-12) kit (AusDiagnostics, Australia) were used in the study. Seventy-eight Gram-negative bacilli and 54 Gram-positive cocci grown in blood culture vials were applied to GN-12 and GP-12 panels. At the same time, the passages of the samples were made and incubated. After that, identification and antibiograms were made in the Phoenix™ automated system (Becton, Dickinson and Company, USA) and VITEK 2 Compact automated system (bioMérieux, France).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, twelve coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), two <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, two <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, and three <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> were found to match the results from the automated GP-12 Kit. Pathogens present in the panel were successfully identified using the GN-12 kit. Both panels were found to be more effective in diagnosing polymicrobial infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These evaluated kits were rapid (approximately three hours) and valuable in identifying common sepsis pathogens and resistance genes. Thus, these tests can easily be used in the diagnosis of sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"37-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and Genotype Diversity of Human Pegiviruses (HPgV) in People Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).","authors":"Ebru Yücebağ-Duranay, Bekir Sami Kocazeybek, Mert Ahmet Kuşkucu","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Human pegiviruses (HPgV) belong to the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family. They were initially considered hepatotropic viruses, but later, epidemiological studies showed no connection with acute or chronic hepatitis. This study included frozen and stored plasma samples of HIV-infected, ART-naive patients, which were routinely sent to Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology Laboratory for HIV RNA detection and HIV drug resistance analysis between January and September 2019.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study analyzed plasma samples of HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive patients and control serum samples. HPgV RNA in the samples was investigated using the RT-nested PCR method, and primer sets designed from the 5'UTR region were used for amplification and genotyping using Sanger sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 117 plasma samples from HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive patients and 100 control serum samples were included in the study. HPgV-1 RNA was detected in 24.78% of the patient group and 18% of the control group (<i>p</i>=0.2264). HPgV-2 RNA was not detected in any groups. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all HPgV-1 strains isolated were genotype 2; the subgroup was commonly 2a (95.56%). Only two of the 29 strains belonging to the patient group were subtype 2b (4.44%). There was no statistically significant difference between HPgV-1 infected and uninfected HIV-1-positive subjects regarding the HIV-1 viral loads. HPgV-1 positivity rates were higher in those aged <40 years (25.80%) than in those aged ≥40 years (16.12%) ( <i>p</i>=0.00044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Genotype 2a was identified as the dominant genotype, and this finding is consistent with previous studies reported from Türkiye and other countries in the same geographical region. Further studies are needed to understand better the effects of the HPgV-1 virus on HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"6 3","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors for Publication of Specialty Theses in the Field of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology.","authors":"Pelin İrkören, Elif Agüloğlu-Bali, Oğuz Usta, Arzu Şenol, Barış Manavlı, Büşra Tanır, Esra Gürbüz, Halime Araz, Işıl Deniz Alıravcı, İlkay Nur Can, Kübra Demir-Önder, Melike Coşkunpınar-Törüyenler, Mustafa Deniz, Riyad Boran, Serpil Mızrakçı, Şükran Sevim Akıl, Taliha Pala-Karakök, Türkam Tüzün, Yasemin Çakır-Kıymaz, Fatma Yekta Ürkmez-Korkmaz, Yeşim Uygun-Kızmaz, Selçuk Özger, Önder Ergönül","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Specialty theses in the field of infectious diseases and clinical microbiology (IDCM) play an important role in shaping medical knowledge, yet their publication in scientific journals remains a critical concern. We reviewed the theses of the IDCM specialty program, analyzed the publication rates in scientific journals, and made some recommendations for the future.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analyzed the registered IDCM theses in the electronic database of the Council of Higher Education (YÖK, Ankara) between 1984 and 2021. Specialty theses from other medical fields, PhD and master theses, were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1265 theses, 1061 were included after exclusion criteria were applied. The study revealed that 647 (61%) of residents were female. Of 1061 authors, 117 (11%) received financial support during the preparation of the thesis. The most common thesis topics were viral hepatitis, healthcare-associated infections, antibiotic susceptibility, zoonotic diseases, febrile neutropenia, and sepsis. The predominant type of study design was observational (88%). Notably, 27 (3%) were randomized controlled trials. The overall rate of publication in a peer-reviewed journal was 25%. Nonetheless, 117 (11%) theses were published in the journals indexed in the Science Citation Index (SCI) or the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E). The median time from the presentation of theses to publication was four years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The publication rate of specialty theses in scientific journals in the field of IDCM was found to be low. Publication of the thesis as a scientific manuscript should be a part of the residency program and the completion process of the thesis. All the residents or young specialists should be encouraged to submit their theses for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"58-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Agent in Blood: <i>Rothia kristinae</i>.","authors":"Oğuz Usta, Sidar Çöpür, Yeşim Beşli, Önder Ergönül","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rothia kristinae,</i> a Gram-positive coccus often regarded as a harmless commensal, is emerging as a potential pathogen, especially in immunocompromised patients. We hereby present a case involving <i>R. kristinae</i> bacteremia in a 66-year-old female patient with a history of multiple myeloma and end-stage renal disease following a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Despite initial doubts about its clinical significance, repeated isolation from blood cultures prompted consideration of infection rather than colonization. This case highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens in immunocompromised hosts. Additional investigation is essential to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the clinical features and management of infections caused by <i>R. kristinae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"102-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Prosthetic Joint Infections, Risk Factors for Treatment Failure and Effect of Teicoplanin in Treatment: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study.","authors":"Aybegüm Özşahin, Zeliha Koçak-Tufan, Rahmet Güner, Turan Buzğan, Osman Tecimel, Mehmet A Taşyaran","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the risk factors for treatment failure in prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and the most appropriate approach to these infections, especially the effect of teicoplanin on treatment response.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data of patients who were followed up with a diagnosis of Gram-positive or culture-negative PJI for seven years in a tertiary-care referral hospital were included in the study retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred sixty-nine PJI attacks were included in the study. The overall infection eradication rate was 82.7%. Preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels were higher, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were lower in treatment responders ( <i>p</i>=0.006, <i>p</i>=0.003, and <i>p</i>=0.021, respectively). The relationship between CRP and treatment response emerged in the second week, while a significant decline in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels was seen at the end of treatment. Treatment was successful in 91.7% of cases that underwent two-stage revision surgery and 89.4% in those who used teicoplanin for more than two weeks. In multivariate analysis, two-stage revision surgery and the use of teicoplanin for more than two weeks increased treatment success.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hb, Hct, and CRP levels could help to predict the treatment response in the preoperative period, and in the postoperative follow-up, CRP could predict the treatment response earlier. Although one-stage surgeries seem practical, the patient's best interests are paramount, and two-stage revisions should be selected whenever needed. Finally, teicoplanin, a practical once-daily, well-tolerated antibiotic, was associated with high treatment success rates in Gram-positive and culture-negative PJIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"66-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare-Associated Infection Rates in Türkiye (2014-2023): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bahar Madran, Zeliha Genç, Şiran Keske, Elif Sargın-Altunok, Şirin Menekşe, Anı Akpınar, Mehtap Aydın, Önder Ergönül","doi":"10.36519/idcm.2025.470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36519/idcm.2025.470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe the rate of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) in hospitals in the last decade (2014-2023), Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements. The keywords were \"Türkiye\", \"healthcare-associated infections\" (HAIs), \"surgical site infections\" (SSIs), \"central line-catheter-associated bloodstream infections\" (CLABSIs), \"catheter-associated urinary tract infections\" (CAUTI) and \"ventilator-associated pneumonia\" (VAP). We included all original articles reflecting the HAI rate of all adult patients in hospitals in Türkiye for at least one year of duration between January 01, 2014 and December 31, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1171 reports, including the keywords, were retrieved, and duplications were removed. After filtering according to the title and abstract, eight original articles were selected. The quality of four reports published in peer-reviewed journals was rated as high, and the four as moderate. The rate of invasive device-associated HAIs in intensive care units (ICUs) was 4.19 (CLABSI: 1.97, CAUTI: 1.94, VAP: 6.49) and 1.88 in inpatient wards. No article was published that reflected the overall surgical site infection rate of a hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We detected that in the last 10 years (2014-2023) in Türkiye, invasive device-associated HAI rates were 1.88% in inpatient wards and 4.19% in ICU. More comprehensive studies should be conducted on HAI rates, frequently detected HAI agents, and resistance rates. Health centers should prioritize the issue, and intervention and prevention studies should be priority research topics.</p>","PeriodicalId":519881,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11993842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}