Qiu-Li Tan, Kai Gou, Jing-Zhi Tang, Ming-Hui Wei, Chong Wang, Yi-Jing Nie, Geng-Sheng Weng
{"title":"Highly Stretchable and Tunable Thermo-fluorochromic Polymer Elastomer Through Eu3+ Dynamic Coordination Cross-linking","authors":"Qiu-Li Tan, Kai Gou, Jing-Zhi Tang, Ming-Hui Wei, Chong Wang, Yi-Jing Nie, Geng-Sheng Weng","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3160-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3160-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermochromic polymers with tunable thermochromism, high stretchability and mechanical strength are of interests for optical information storage and encryption. In this work, we demonstrate a new design of thermo-fluorochromic carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) elastomer cross-linked by Eu<sup>3+</sup>-COOH dynamic coordination with deprotonated imidazole (DPIm) as the ancillary ligand. The presence of DPIm not only improves the mechanical strength and stretchability, but also dramatically intensifies the fluorescence emission and lifetime of the Eu-containing elastomer. The elastomer behaves reversible thermo-fluorochromism with easily tunable transition temperature and emission intensity by the simple change of the deprotonation degree of imidazole. The facile tunable thermo-fluorochromism, exceptional mechanical strength, and high stretchability (up to about 5000%) enable the Eu-containing XNBR elastomer with potential applications in soft electronics where optical information storage and encryption are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 10","pages":"1449 - 1458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Yang, Hai-Jun Feng, Tian-Tian Ni, Xiao-Rui Zhou, Tao Xie, Ning Zheng
{"title":"Catalyst-free and Reprocessable Aromatic Polydithiourethanes","authors":"Bo Yang, Hai-Jun Feng, Tian-Tian Ni, Xiao-Rui Zhou, Tao Xie, Ning Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3166-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3166-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The incorporation of dynamic covalent bonds into thermosets facilitates the reprocessing of polymer networks, thereby meeting the sustainable requirements for polymer recycling. However, the mechanical properties of many materials often decline significantly upon reprocessing due to side reactions caused by harsh processing conditions. In this work, we find that the aromatic dithiocarbamate bond can undergo dissociation under mild conditions without the need for a catalyst, enabling the efficient reprocessing of the corresponding polydithiourethane. As a consequence, the mechanical properties of the polydithiourethane can be largely preserved after reprocessing. The discovery of this dynamic chemistry is anticipated to broaden the potential for material design in dynamic covalent polymer networks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 10","pages":"1435 - 1441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spherical Polyelectrolyte Brush Nanoreactor: Preparation of Hollow TiO2 Nanospheres and Characterization by Small Angle X-Ray Scattering","authors":"Yu-Hua Zhang, Zi-Yu Zhang, Xin Liu, En-Guang Ma, Jiang-Tao Guo, Li Li, Xu-Hong Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3202-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3202-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) hollow nanoparticles present significant potential for photocatalytic applications while their straightforward preparation with precise structure control is still challenging. This work reports the approach to preparing tunable hollow TiO<sub>2</sub> nanospheres by utilization of spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) as nanoreactors and templates. During the preparation, the evolution of the structure was characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and in combination with dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> shell within the brush (SPB@TiO<sub>2</sub>) is confirmed by the significant increase of the electron density, and its internal structure has been analyzed by fitting SAXS data, which can be influenced by Titanium precursors and ammonia concentration. After calcining SPB@TiO<sub>2</sub> in a muffle furnace, hollow TiO<sub>2</sub> nanospheres are produced, and their transition to the anatase crystal form is triggered, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Utilizing the advantages of their hollow structure, these TiO<sub>2</sub> nanospheres exhibit exceptional catalytic degradation efficiency of methylene blue (MB), tetracycline (TC), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and also demonstrate excellent recyclability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 9","pages":"1393 - 1400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia-Wei Zhang, Yu-Hang Zhang, Bao-Hui Li, Qiang Wang
{"title":"Density-Functional Theories for Polyelectrolyte Systems","authors":"Jia-Wei Zhang, Yu-Hang Zhang, Bao-Hui Li, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3197-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3197-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer density-functional theories (PDFTs) have distinct advantages in the study of polyelectrolyte (PE) systems over experiments and molecular simulations. Here we give an introductory review of some PDFTs recently developed for PE systems. We start with a general formalism of PDFTs and its relation to the widely used polymer self-consistent field theory (SCFT), then explain the various correlations that are neglected in SCFT but can be accounted for in PDFTs, including those due to the excluded-volume interaction and chain connectivity of uncharged polymers, the electrostatic correlations of small ions, and the chain correlations in PEs. We also list some applications of PDFTs for PE systems, and finally give some perspectives on future work. We hope that our review can attract more researchers to apply and further develop PDFTs as a promising class of theoretical and computational tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 9","pages":"1302 - 1312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nature-Inspired pH-Responsive Hydrogels with Rapid and High Contrast Changes in Color, Fluorescence, and Shape Simultaneously","authors":"Le-Ping Xiao, Lv-Ming Qiu, Zhen Wu, Guo-Jie Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3158-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3158-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To realize single-stimulus-induced simultaneous multi-behaviors in hydrogels is still quite challenging nowadays. Herein, an intelligent pH-responsive hydrogel (BP4VA/PAS) with rapid and high contrast changes in color, fluorescence, and shape simultaneously is reported. The BP4VA/PAS hydrogel is fabricated by incorporating styryl anthracene derivative (BP4VA) into copolymer networks (PAS) of acrylamide and sodium 4-styrene sulfonate. Under acid conditions, the protonation of BP4VA generates a rapid change with high color contrast from yellow to red and a fluorescence switch between bright green and weak red emission. At the same time, the electrostatic interactions between 2H-BP4VA<sup>2+</sup> and sulfonate anions suspended on PAS trigger BP4VA/PAS hydrogels to shrink. Upon alkaline treatment, the 2H-BP4VA<sup>2+</sup>/PAS hydrogel deprotonates and recovers to its original color, fluorescence, and shape. Furthermore, utilizing rapid and remarkable pH-responsive properties of BP4VA/PAS hydrogels, we successfully demonstrated its applications in biomimicry, camouflage, and multistage information encryption. Collectively, this work provided an elegant strategy to develop intelligent hydrogels in applications of biomimetic smart materials and information encryption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 11","pages":"1758 - 1767"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Liu, Fang-Fang Niu, Kan Cheng, Yu-Min Xia, Bo-Mou Ma, Xue-Li Wang, Jian-Yong Yu, Yong He
{"title":"Sequence-Controlled Synthesis of Alternating Poly(ester amide)s using Water as Control Agent in One-Pot","authors":"Tao Liu, Fang-Fang Niu, Kan Cheng, Yu-Min Xia, Bo-Mou Ma, Xue-Li Wang, Jian-Yong Yu, Yong He","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3185-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3185-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) attract much attention as a new kind of biodegradable polymers. However, the synthesis of PEAs with sequence-regulated chain structures is still complicated due to the multistep polymerization, high monomer purity, as well as the usage of organic solvents, which greatly inhibits its development and applications. Herein, a one-pot strategy without solvent was developed to synthesize the alternating PEA from <i>α,ω</i>-amino alcohol and dicarboxylic acid by sequential polycondensation, where water was used as the controlling agent for amidation and esterification. Specifically, the amidation and esterification were controlled to proceed in turn by adding or removing water, realizing the one-pot preparation of alternating PEAs. The resultant PEA is characterized by <sup>1</sup>H- and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR, and its chain structure is confirmed to be highly quasi-alternating similar to alternating PEAs prepared by classical methods The evaluations from DSC and DMA demonstrate that the properties of quasi-alternating PEA (<i>T</i><sub>m</sub>=102 °C, Δ<i>H</i><sub>m</sub>=30 J·g<sup>−1</sup>) are far superior to those of random PEA (<i>T</i><sub>m</sub>=72 °C, Δ<i>H</i><sub>m</sub><1 J·g<sup>−1</sup>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 8","pages":"1015 - 1020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simplified p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells with a Multifunctional Polyfullerene Electron Transporter","authors":"Fei-Fei Wang, Tian-Xiao Liu, Ze-Wei Cui, Ling-Yuan Wang, Yun-Jie Dou, Xiao-Yu Shi, Si-Wei Luo, Xiao-Dong Hu, Zhi-Jun Ren, Yang-Yang Liu, Yu Zhao, Shang-Shang Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3156-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3156-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In prevailing p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), solution-processible fullerene molecules are widely used as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) but they typically suffer from poor uniformity and undesirable stability issues. Additionally, a separate bathocuproine (BCP) layer is needed to block hole transfer, increasing fabrication complexity and cost. Here, we address these limitations by developing a novel polymeric ETL (named PFBCP) synthesized by polymerizing C<sub>60</sub> with BCP. This innovative material achieves both efficient electron transport and hole blocking, while its excellent uniformity minimizes interface recombination and enhances stability. Consequently, our blade-coated PSCs utilizing PFBCP achieve a high power conversion efficiency exceeding 22% and retain 91% of initial efficiency after 1200 h of light exposure. This development not only paves the way for commercially viable PSCs but also opens avenues for future ETL design to realize even more efficient and stable PSCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 8","pages":"1060 - 1066"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141496238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia-Jia Wu, Fei Wang, Peng-Qi Wan, Li Pan, Chun-Sheng Xiao, Zhe Ma, Yue-Sheng Li
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization of Polyethylene Ionomers and Their Antibacterial Properties","authors":"Jia-Jia Wu, Fei Wang, Peng-Qi Wan, Li Pan, Chun-Sheng Xiao, Zhe Ma, Yue-Sheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3150-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3150-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Owing to its high production volume and wide range of applications, polyethylene has gained a great deal of attention, but its low surface energy and non-polar nature have limited its application in some important fields. In this study, ethylene/11-iodo-1-undecene copolymers were prepared and used as the intermediates to afford a series of imidazolium-based ionomers bearing methanesulfonate (CH<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), trifluoromethanesulfonate (CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), or bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>−</sup>) counteranions. The tensile test results showed that the stress-at-break (7.8–25.6 MPa) and the elongation-at-break (445%–847%) of the ionomers could be adjusted by changing the counterion species and the ionic group contents. Most importantly, the ionomers exhibited marvelous antibacterial activities against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). The ionomers bearing Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>−</sup> exhibited antibacterial activities >99% against both <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> when ionic content reached 9.1%. The imidazolium-based ionomers prepared in this work demonstrated excellent comprehensive properties, especially high-efficient and broad-spectrum antibacterial ability, exhibiting the potential for the application as the antibacterial materials in packaging, medical, and other fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 8","pages":"1077 - 1084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141523333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The New Methods for Characterization of Molecular Weight of Supramolecular Polymers","authors":"Hui Liu, Rui Hu, Zi-Qing Hu, Xiao-Fan Ji","doi":"10.1007/s10118-024-3153-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-024-3153-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supramolecular polymers, as a type of dynamic polymers, are subordinate to the interdisciplinary field of polymer chemistry and supramolecular chemistry, whose development has greatly promoted the prosperity of new materials. Notably, molecular weight is one of the most important parameters of supramolecular polymers, which affects the physical/chemical properties and processing applications of materials. Developing new methods for characterizing the molecular weight of supramolecular polymers is crucial for advancing the development of supramolecular polymers. In this review, we elaborate and summarize three strategies for characterizing the molecular weight of supramolecular polymers that recently reported by our research group according to the characteristics of supramolecular polymers, including (1) the molecular weight distinction corresponding to variable fluorescence colors, (2) matching different molecular weights with different fluorescence lifetime, (3) transforming supramolecular polymers into mechanically interlocked polymers or covalent polymers. Besides, we also discuss the limitations of current methods for characterizing supramolecular polymers. We hope that this review can promote the development of supramolecular polymers and significantly inspire to exploit new methods to characterizing molecular weight of supramolecular polymers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"42 10","pages":"1403 - 1413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}