Li-Guang Zhao, Yi-Qun Liu, Min-Min Chen, Jian-Wei Li, Tuo Dai, Shao-Xiang Ye, Wei-Qiang Liu, Tao Zhao, Hong-Xing Gui, Zhen-Xiang Xin
{"title":"Impact of Composite Preservation System on the Vulcanization Performance of Natural Rubber Latex","authors":"Li-Guang Zhao, Yi-Qun Liu, Min-Min Chen, Jian-Wei Li, Tuo Dai, Shao-Xiang Ye, Wei-Qiang Liu, Tao Zhao, Hong-Xing Gui, Zhen-Xiang Xin","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3374-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3374-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The thioacetamide derivative (TD)-composite preservation system (TDCPS) exhibits superior preservation effects on natural rubber latex (NRL) and significantly enhances its vulcanization efficiency and mechanical properties. This study primarily investigated the principal chemical groups and mechanism of action of TDCPS in promoting NRL vulcanization through a comparative analysis. The results indicated that the key functional groups (thioamide and pyridine) in TDCPS synergistically accelerated crosslinking, reducing the vulcanization time by 41.18% compared to the high-ammonia (HA) preservation system. At an optimal TDCPS dosage of 5 mmol·L<sup>−1</sup>, vulcanized films achieved a tensile strength of 34.18 MPa, with a sulfur content of 1.5 phr further improving the strength by 42.26%. TD outperformed the conventional accelerators 2-imidazolidinethione (ETU) and 3-hydroxypyridine (3-Hp) in promoting the crosslinking density and mechanical performance while eliminating ammonia-related environmental risks. This eco-friendly system demonstrates the industrial potential for sustainable rubber production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 9","pages":"1638 - 1650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One-step Preparation of Brush-type Polystyrene (PS)-SiO2-Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Janus Nanoparticle to Compatibilize PS/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends","authors":"Feng-Yuan Tu, Ming-Feng Wang, Gang Zhong, Hua-Wei Qiao, Bo-Tuo Zheng, Can-Pei Liu, Ming-Feng Chen, Hua-Gui Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3357-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3357-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compatibilization is crucial for the blending of immiscible polymers to develop high-performance composites; however, traditional compatibilization by copolymers (pre-made or in-situ generation) suffers from weak interface anchoring, and inorganic particles have gained extensive attention recently owing to their large interfacial desorption energy, while their low affinity to bulk components is a drawback. In this study, an interfacial atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique was employed to grow polystyrene (PS) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)(PHEMA) simultaneously on different hemispheres of Br-functionalized SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles to stabilize a Pickering emulsion, whereby a brush-type Janus nanoparticle (SiO<sub>2</sub>@JNP) was developed. The polymer brushes were well-characterized, and the Janus feature was validated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of the sole hemisphere grafting of SiO<sub>2</sub>-PS as a control sample. SiO<sub>2</sub>@JNP was demonstrated to be an efficient compatibilizer for a PS/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) immiscible blend, and the droplet-matrix morphology was significantly refined. The mechanical strength and toughness of the blend were synchronously enhanced at a low content SiO<sub>2</sub>@JNP optimized ~0.9 wt%, with the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength increased by 17.7%, 26.6% and 19.6%, respectively. This enhancement may be attributed to the entanglements between the grafted polymer brushes and individual components that improve the particle-bulk phase affinity and enforce interfacial adhesion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 8","pages":"1375 - 1386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suppressing Syneresis in Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels by Incorporating Poly(ethylene glycol)","authors":"Hao-Dong Hu, Yu Kang, Jian Tang, Quan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3354-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3354-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) often undergo syneresis upon heating, and thus become irrecoverable in shape. To overcome this limitation, we copolymerize tetra-armed PNIPAm precursor with tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) precursor. After incorporating the hydrophilic PEG components, the hydrogel samples exhibited recoverable swellability during repeated heating-cooling cycles, during which phase segregation occurred, and the water repelled from the PNIPAm-rich phase can be accommodated in the PEG-rich phase. As a result, recoverability relied on the swellability of the PEG-rich phase, which correlated quantitatively with the molar mass and concentration of the precursor solution. This study provides an effective protocol for the molecular design of stimuli-responsive hydrogels with a desired degree of shape recoverability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 8","pages":"1415 - 1422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-responsive Itaconic Acid-based Polymer toward Regulatable Patterning Surfaces and Rewritable Information Storage Applications","authors":"Hao-Chen Guo, Jian Chen, Bo-Lun Feng, Hou-Li Zhang, Xiao-Yu Yang, Lu Wang, Pei-Ming Xu, Hui Li, Chuan-Yong Zong","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3370-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3370-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional materials synthesized from bio-based building blocks are fascinating and challenging in the fields of chemistry and materials science. Herein, we present a versatile strategy for synthesizing bio-based stimulus-responsive polymers derived from itaconic acid (IA). Bearing an azobenzene-containing side chain, the IA-based epoxy polymer exhibited both photoresponsiveness and acid/base-stimulus responsiveness. With controllable manipulation of the stress field of the wrinkling IA-polymer film <i>via</i> the stress relaxation effect resulting from the reversible cis-trans isomerization of the azobenzene moieties or solvent-induced swelling of the film, various tailor-made patterned wrinkling surfaces were conveniently fabricated. More importantly, the azobenzene protonation/deprotonation yields a reversible visual color transformation between pale yellow and purple in the film, which allows these IA-based polymer-coated surfaces to be utilized as rewritable information storage media. Various elegant pattern information can be acid-printed and base-erased (within 10 s) for multiple cycles and legible for over one day under laboratory conditions. Notably, the aforementioned dual-stimulus responsiveness of the IA-based polymer film enables its surface to be applied in information encryption. This study not only paves a new avenue for the convenient fabrication of stimulus-responsive surfaces but also sheds light on the development of functional polymers through green engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 7","pages":"1114 - 1124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of β-Phase Content on the Stretching-induced α-β Phase Transition of Highly Oriented Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Ultrathin Films","authors":"Hai-Peng Li, Jia-Meng Liang, Rui-Hao Zheng, Han-Qi Zhu, Wen-Peng Zhao, Yun-Peng Li, Shao-Juan Wang, Hao Zhang, Shou-Ke Yan","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3358-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3358-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highly oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ultrathin films with different <i>β</i>-phase contents were prepared using the melt-draw method. The effect of <i>β</i>-phase content on <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition of highly oriented PVDF ultrathin films induced by stretching was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that stretching can enhance the crystallinity and increase the average thickness of the lamellae. A full <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition can be achieved for PVDF ultrathin films of 20.6% <i>β</i> phase stretched to a <i>λ</i> (stretching ratio) of 1.5, while few <i>α</i> phases still exist for ultrathin films of 35.0% <i>β</i> phase, together with bent and tilted lamellae. Compared to thicker PVDF films undergoing stretching-induced <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition, the higher <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition efficiency of the PVDF ultrathin films can be attributed to the parallel aligned lamellar structure. Moreover, a higher <i>β</i>-phase content can suppress <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition because of the stress concentration effect of <i>β</i>-phase. Ultimately, these results provide valuable insights into the stretching-induced <i>α</i>-<i>β</i> phase transition of PVDF ultrathin films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 8","pages":"1406 - 1414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji-Ping Jiang, Shu-Duan Deng, Seng Hua Lee, Wei Chen Lum, Yu-Heng Ren, Guan-Ben Du, Xiao-Jian Zhou, Jun Zhang
{"title":"Characterization of Biodegradable Flame Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam Prepared Using Renewable Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Ricinoleic Acid","authors":"Ji-Ping Jiang, Shu-Duan Deng, Seng Hua Lee, Wei Chen Lum, Yu-Heng Ren, Guan-Ben Du, Xiao-Jian Zhou, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3350-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3350-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and ricinoleic acid (RA) were used to synthesize polyol esters, designated ESO-RA (ER) resin. The esters were further crosslinked with 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) to create a biodegradable flame-retardant thermoset foam, referred to as ESO-RA-PMDI (ERP) foam, using water as a foaming agent. Additionally, flame retardants such as triethyl phosphate (TEP) and expanded graphite (EG) have been combined for foam preparation without the need for catalysts or foaming agents. The study findings showed that the incorporation of TEP and EG diminished the pulverization ratio while augmenting the compressive strength and shore hardness. Furthermore, the ERP foam exhibited exceptional flame retardant characteristics, as evidenced by a reported limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.6 vol%. A peak heat release rate of 97.12 kW/m2 was reported during the fire test. Significantly, a low peak smoke production rate (pSPR) of 0.026 m<sup>2</sup>/s and a total smoke production (TSP) of 0.62 m<sup>2</sup> were achieved. In addition, ERP foam exhibited exceptional ultraviolet (UV) resistance, thermal insulation, and biodegradability. After 60 days of exposure to <i>Penicillium</i> sp., foam containing both TEP and EG exhibited a mass loss of 9.39%, indicating that the incorporation of flame retardants did not negatively impact its biodegradability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 8","pages":"1346 - 1366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sulfonated Poly(α-methyl styrene-b-isobutylene-b-α-methyl styrene) Copolymers for Advanced Proton Exchange Membranes","authors":"Ying-Ying Zhang, Zhi-Chao Zhang, Hao-Ran Zhao, Xin Yang, You-Guang Jin, Yi-Xian Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3356-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3356-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sulfonated poly(<i>α</i>-methyl styrene-<i>b</i>-isobutylene-<i>b</i>-<i>α</i>-methyl styrene) copolymers (S-ASIBS) with the average molar percentage of sulfonic acid (-SO<sub>3</sub>H) groups (SP) ranging from 3.6 mol% to 14.3 mol% could be synthesized by sulfonation of ASIBS with acetyl sulfate. The hydrophilic ionic channels were generated for proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by ion aggregation of -SO<sub>3</sub>H groups and microphase separation between hydrophobic polyisobutylene and hydrophilic sulfonated poly(<i>α</i>-methyl styrene) segments in S-ASIBS. The proton transport ability was improved while oxidative stability was decreased by increasing SP in S-ASIBS. The appropriate SP of ~12.7 mol% in S-ASIBS provides the available PEMs with high proton transport ability, low methanol permeability and good oxidative stability. The absence of active tertiary hydrogen atoms along S-ASIBS copolymer chains avoids their attack by peroxy radicals. The residual rates of weight (RW) and proton conductivity (R<i>σ</i>) of S-ASIBS-12.7 membrane after oxidation treatment for 916 h were 84.3% and 88.1% respectively, near to those of commercial Nafion 117 (RW = 87.9%, R<i>σ</i> = 90.3%). The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) could be prepared by using various S-ASIBS as PEMs for direct methanol fuel cell. The single cell with S-ASIBS-12.7 MEA behaves high performance of open circuit voltage (OCV) of 548 mV and peak power density (<i>P</i><sub>max</sub>) of 36.1 mW·cm<sup>-2</sup>, which is similar to those of Nafion 117 (OCV = 506 mV, P<sub>max</sub> = 35.6 mW·cm<sup>-2</sup>). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of advanced S-ASIBS membrane with high proton conductivity, excellent fuel barrier property and remarkable oxidative stability for promising PEMs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 9","pages":"1537 - 1548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiang-Han Zhang, Xiao-Hui Mao, Huan Gao, Shui-Yuan Luo, Zhe Ma, Li Pan, Yue-Sheng Li
{"title":"Preparation and Hydrogenation of Dicyclopentadiene-based Cyclic Olefin Copolymers","authors":"Xiang-Han Zhang, Xiao-Hui Mao, Huan Gao, Shui-Yuan Luo, Zhe Ma, Li Pan, Yue-Sheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3351-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3351-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The design of low-cost and high-performance cyclic olefin copolymers remains challenging. Ethylene copolymers with dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) were prepared using Ph<sub>2</sub>C(Cp)(Flu)ZrCl<sub>2</sub> (<b>Cat. 1</b>), <i>rac</i>-Et(Ind)2ZrCl<sub>2</sub> (<b>Cat. 2</b>), Me<sub>2</sub>C(Cp)(Flu)ZrCl<sub>2</sub> (<b>Cat. 3</b>) and Me<sub>2</sub>Si(Ind)<sub>2</sub>ZrCl<sub>2</sub> (<b>Cat. 4</b>) combined with [Ph<sub>3</sub>C][B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]/<sup><i>i</i></sup>Bu<sub>3</sub>Al. Ni(acac)<sub>2</sub>/<sup><i>i</i></sup>Bu<sub>3</sub>Al was then used to catalyze the hydrogenation of the intracyclic double bonds of ethylene/DCPD copolymers. The results showed that compared to <i>C</i><sub>2</sub> symmetric catalysts (<b>Cat. 2</b> and <b>Cat. 4</b>), <i>C</i><sub>s</sub> symmetric catalysts (<b>Cat. 1</b> and <b>Cat. 3</b>) facilitated the incorporation of copolymers with higher DCPD. <sup>1</sup>H-and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectra indicated that ethylene/DCPD copolymerization occurred via enhancement of the norbornene ring. Additionally, measurement of the reactivity ratios provided further confirmation that the copolymers had random sequence distributions. All these samples demonstrated transmittance values above 90% in the visible wavelength range from 400 nm to 800 nm. By changing the fraction of monomers, the glass transition temperature, refractive index, Young's modulus, and tensile strength of the copolymer increased as the incorporation of DCPD increased, whereas the Abbe number and elongation at break decreased. Compared with ethylene/norbornene and ethylene/tetracyclicdodecene copolymers, ethylene/DCPD copolymers, with excellent optical and mechanical properties, are promising materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 9","pages":"1527 - 1536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient Prediction of Refractive Index And Abbe Number in Polymers Using Density Functional Theory","authors":"Lu-Kun Feng, Ai-Wei Zhang, Guo-Hua Huang, Cai-Zhen Zhu, Ming-Liang Wang, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3353-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3353-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer optical materials are becoming increasingly important in modern technologies owing to their unique properties. This study applies coupled perturbed density functional theory (DFT) to predict the refractive index (RI) and Abbe number of polymers. Using the Lorentz-Lorenz equation, the frequency-dependent polarizability and molecular volume were calculated to estimate RI. Wavelength-dependent RI values were used to derive the Abbe numbers. Our results show a strong correlation with experimental data, with Pearson coefficients of 0.912 for RI and 0.968 for Abbe number, enabling the introduction of linear correction functions to minimize discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental results. By categorizing polymers into classes such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-, polyethylene (PE)-, polycarbonate (PC)-, polyimide (PI)-, and polyurethane (PU)-based materials, this method enables precise predictions and reduces discrepancies using linear correction functions. This efficient and direct computational framework avoids the complexity of traditional models and offers a practical tool for the design and optimization of advanced optical materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 8","pages":"1468 - 1482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo-Lun Feng, Cong-Cong Zhai, De-Bin Zhang, Hao-Chen Guo, Hou-Li Zhang, Lin Zhang, Hui Li, Lu Wang, Lan Lei, Chuan-Yong Zong
{"title":"Robust Photo-responsive Superwetting Surfaces on Hierarchical-structured Copper Mesh via Dip-coating with Mussel-inspired Azo-copolymer","authors":"Bo-Lun Feng, Cong-Cong Zhai, De-Bin Zhang, Hao-Chen Guo, Hou-Li Zhang, Lin Zhang, Hui Li, Lu Wang, Lan Lei, Chuan-Yong Zong","doi":"10.1007/s10118-025-3355-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10118-025-3355-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endowing stimuli-responsive materials with micro-nano structures is an intriguing strategy for the fabrication of superwetting surfaces; however, its application is limited by poor chemical/mechanical stability. Herein, a simple and versatile strategy was developed to fabricate durable polymeric superwetting surfaces with photoswitchable wettability on hierarchically structured metallic substrates. Inspired by nature, a novel functional terpolymer incorporating mussel-inspired catechol groups, photoresponsive azobenzene groups, and low-surface-energy fluorine- containing groups was synthesized <i>via</i> solution radical polymerization. The azobenzene-containing terpolymer possesses outstanding photoresponsiveness in both the solution and film states because of the <i>trans-cis</i> isomerization of the azobenzene moieties. After dip-coating with the mussel-inspired azo-copolymer, the as-prepared smart surfaces exhibited a photo-triggered change in wettability between high hydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity. More importantly, these superwetting surfaces with enhanced adhesion properties can tolerate harsh environmental conditions and repeated abrasion tests, thereby demonstrating excellent chemical robustness and mechanical durability. This study paves a new avenue for the convenient and large-scale fabrication of robust smart surfaces that could find widespread potential applications in microfluidic devices, water treatment, and functional coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":517,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Polymer Science","volume":"43 7","pages":"1134 - 1145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}