International Criminal Justice Review最新文献_第9页

Motives of Knife-Carrying among the Youth in Azerbaijan: In-Depth Interviews Among 27 Experts and 5 Knife-Carriers 阿塞拜疆青年持刀动机:对27名专家和5名持刀者的深度访谈

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/10575677211042070

Inqilab Shahbazov, Goshgar Maharramov, Orkhan Farajli, E. Rustamova

{"title":"Motives of Knife-Carrying among the Youth in Azerbaijan: In-Depth Interviews Among 27 Experts and 5 Knife-Carriers","authors":"Inqilab Shahbazov, Goshgar Maharramov, Orkhan Farajli, E. Rustamova","doi":"10.1177/10575677211042070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677211042070","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on in-depth interviews with psychologists, criminologists, and sociologists (n = 27), as well as five adolescents (aged between 15 and 17 years) with a history of knife-carrying in Azerbaijan, this study attempts to explore the motives for knife-carrying among the male youth. Using a phenomenological approach, the interviews found a set of mixed and interrelated factors as the key motivators of carrying a knife among male youth. The answers provided by members of both samples generally overlap, but each provides some unique insights as well. Experts argue that young men tend to suffer from poor socialization and fail academically, which forces them to seek companionship, status, and identity elsewhere. In such circumstances, adolescents become likely to fall under the influence of their peers, as well as the criminal world whose figures are widely popular in the country. Since knife-carrying provides a sense of power and self-esteem, as well as constitutes a core attribute of notorious criminal figures, it becomes attractive to the youth. Male interviewees with a history of knife-carrying, all with irregular class attendance and part of “circles” (deviant peer groups), were attracted to sharp objects (a) by their ability to project power to others around them, such as so-called “predators” and (b) rule of the circles. The desire to exercise informal control over an area (school or neighborhood) and emulate thieves-in-law was particularly critical in shaping adolescents’ decision to carry knives and five-knuckle. The findings not only largely confirm the results reported by the Western studies, but also advance our understanding of youth's inclination towards knife-carrying in a nonwestern society.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46175340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Religio-Crimmigration: The Intertwinement of Religion, Crime, and Migration in Lebanon 宗教-犯罪-移民:黎巴嫩宗教、犯罪和移民的交织

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/10575677221082068

Reeda Al Sabri Halawi

引用次数: 0

Police Union and Police Association Communications on Social Media and Legitimacy Spillover in Canada 加拿大警察联盟和警察协会关于社交媒体和合法性溢出的沟通

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/10575677221082070

Nathan Isaak, Kevin Walby

引用次数: 0

The Context of Sexual Exploitation of Children by Tourists and Travelers: A Cross-National Comparison of Destination Countries and Non-Destination Countries 游客和旅行者对儿童的性剥削:目的地国和非目的地国的跨国比较

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/10575677221081875

Anneke Koning, Johan van Wilsem

{"title":"The Context of Sexual Exploitation of Children by Tourists and Travelers: A Cross-National Comparison of Destination Countries and Non-Destination Countries","authors":"Anneke Koning, Johan van Wilsem","doi":"10.1177/10575677221081875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677221081875","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Certain countries are well known for being destination countries for sexual exploitation of children in the context of travel and tourism (SECTT). Various factors are assumed to be at play to increase the vulnerability of countries, and the children that live within them, to being destinations for SECTT. The current study uses a cross-national, quantitative approach to examine these assumptions, by investigating macro-level factors relating to tourism, children's living conditions, governance, and economic development that may account for the variation in SECTT occurrence. Our findings indicate that destination countries are, on average, characterized by lower economic wealth and are located closer to the equator. Unlike assumed in previous literature, governance and tourism are not significantly related to destination countries for SECTT. The results for children's living conditions are unexpected: while bivariate analyses show that destination countries have poorer children's living conditions, a positive relation emerges in multivariate models when controlled for economic development. More specifically, we find that within the group of countries with poor economic conditions, SECTT is more likely to occur in countries with better protection of children's rights to life and education. We explore potential explanations for this finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138496655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Systemic Model of Social Disorganization and Homicide and Suicide Trajectories in South Korean Community Areas: Testing the Stream Analogy of Lethal Violence 韩国社区社会失组织与凶杀自杀轨迹的系统模型——对致命暴力流相似性的检验

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/10575677221082072

Sujung Cho, Shannon B. Harper

引用次数: 0

Does Contact with the Justice System Influence Situational Action Theory's Causes of Crime? A Study of English and German Juveniles 与司法制度的接触会影响情景行为理论的犯罪原因吗？英德青少年研究

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/10575677221082071

F. Kaiser

{"title":"Does Contact with the Justice System Influence Situational Action Theory's Causes of Crime? A Study of English and German Juveniles","authors":"F. Kaiser","doi":"10.1177/10575677221082071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677221082071","url":null,"abstract":"To explore why system contact often has no crime-preventative effect, the current study examined the effects of juvenile justice contact on Situational Action Theory's (SAT) causes of crime, including personal morals, deviant peer associations, and detection risk perceptions. The analysis is based on a sample of English (Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study) and German (Crime in the modern City study) juveniles. Propensity score matching was applied to estimate whether the lenient system contacts influenced the causes of crime in the year after the contact. The treatment effect estimates are mostly insignificant and relatively small. The few significant estimates in the English sample suggest that official contact slightly increased deviant peer associations and decreased feelings of moral guilt. Overall, the findings suggest that system contact may often have no crime-preventative effect as it does not (Germany), or only slightly (England) affect SAT's causes of crime. Previous studies, primarily based on the U.S. data, often reported more substantial effects that mostly operated in a crime-amplifying direction. It is speculated whether the less substantial impact in the current study can be attributed to the overall more lenient, diversion-oriented handling of the examined English and German offenders.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46435400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Close Examination of the 2016 Dallas and Baton Rouge Police Killers: Identifying Potential Risk Factors and Influences for Copycat Violence 2016年达拉斯和巴吞鲁日警察杀手的仔细检查:确定模仿暴力的潜在风险因素和影响

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2021-11-23 DOI: 10.1177/10575677211061257

Adam Lankford

{"title":"A Close Examination of the 2016 Dallas and Baton Rouge Police Killers: Identifying Potential Risk Factors and Influences for Copycat Violence","authors":"Adam Lankford","doi":"10.1177/10575677211061257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677211061257","url":null,"abstract":"Two of the worst targeted attacks on American police officers in recent history occurred within eleven days of each other. Although it seems clear their proximity was not merely attributable to chance, the connection between these incidents, and the implications for understanding copycat violence, have never been fully explored. This study analyzes the perpetrators of these attacks from a “thresholds of violence” perspective, which suggests the first actor in a sequence is more likely to be disturbed and violence prone, while subsequent actors are typically less disturbed but more socially influenced. Results suggest the thresholds model has both merits and limits. The first attacker did have more psychological problems and violence in his past, and the second did seem more influenced by violent role models. However, there were also many similarities between them, and both attacked due to a combination of internal and external factors. If this study's findings are generalizable, higher risks of becoming a copycat offender may exist for individuals who have (1) personal similarities with previous attackers, (2) a history of psychological problems, (3) a history of interest in violent actors, and (4) recent escalation in their online behavior. Recommendations are offered for future research, offender profiling, and violence prevention.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43827832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

ICJR Publications Received ICJR收到的刊物

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/10575677211043016

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Rape in the Nordic countries: Continuity and change by M. B. Heinskou, M. L. Skilbrei and K. Stefansen M.B.Heinskou、M.L.Skilbrei和K.Stefansen的书评：北欧国家的强奸：连续性和变化

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/10575677211050430

Johan van Wilsem, A. Koning

引用次数: 0

Using a Rural Index to Assess Crime Risk and Crime Prevention Behavior Across the Urban–Rural Continuum: A Japanese Case Study 用农村指数评估城乡间犯罪风险与犯罪预防行为:以日本为例

IF 1.6

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/10575677211039998

T. Shimada, Ai Suzuki

{"title":"Using a Rural Index to Assess Crime Risk and Crime Prevention Behavior Across the Urban–Rural Continuum: A Japanese Case Study","authors":"T. Shimada, Ai Suzuki","doi":"10.1177/10575677211039998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677211039998","url":null,"abstract":"The study proposes a new method of crime analysis combining data from multiple secondary data sources (census, open crime data, and social survey) to assess the risk of victimization and crime prevention behavior in resource-limited settings. Principal component analysis was performed on municipal-level census data (n = 1,883) to generate a rural index that represents the ecological characteristics of each municipality across the urban–rural continuum. Multilevel logistic analyses were then applied to crime incident data (n = 207,771) to assess the municipal-level effects on victims’ use of locks in motor vehicle and bicycle thefts. A linear pattern of victimization was found for bicycle theft (the risk was about one-thirtieth in the most rural municipalities than that in the most urban municipalities), while the pattern found was nonlinear for motor vehicle thefts. The analysis also revealed that victims in rural areas were less likely to have locked their vehicles before they were stolen than those living in urban areas. Using the rural index developed in this study, police forces can have a better understanding of crime problems in their jurisdiction across the urban–rural continuum. The study discusses the implications of the results for crime prevention and problem-solving policymaking in the urban–rural continuum.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47825789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2