{"title":"Family-mediated migration infrastructure: Chinese international students and parents navigating (im)mobilities during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Yang Hu, C. Xu, M. Tu","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1838271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1838271","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated responses such as border closure, lockdown measures and flight curtailment have severely disrupted transnational infrastructures that sustain, channel, organize and condition international migration. This infrastructural disruption has led to the double exclusion of temporary migrants from both sending and host societies. In this context, we explore how Chinese international students in the United Kingdom and their parents in China navigate transnational (im)mobilities during the pandemic. In doing so, we develop the conceptualization of “family-mediated migration infrastructure” to elucidate the role played by transnational family relationships in brokering information, mobilizing resources, and coordinating disjointed acts of institutional players in order to sustain transnational (im)mobility. We also reveal a distinctive emotional double-bind in the process of family-mediated infrastructuring, which requires members of transnational families to strategically perform emotional engagement and detachment in complex ways. Our findings highlight the functional resilience and emotional vulnerability of family-mediated transnational migration infrastructure, and render visible the intimate fabrics that contribute to sustaining transnationalism during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"62 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1838271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46420088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lost in transition: the two structurally distinct groups of drug addicts in contemporary China","authors":"Hongzhi Xu, Tianfu Wang","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1834379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1834379","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite of persistent anti-drug regulations and policies, China has encountered a large boom in narcotic drug addicts. Drug addicts can be found in distinct social groups, from the rich to the poor. Classic drug research theories have paid less attention to drug addiction issues in transitional China’s context. This study introduces a socio-structural transition perspective to explore the increasing and wide-spreading drug addiction problems in contemporary China. Based on in-depth interviews with drug addicts, social workers, and local policemen in Fujian, we collected 13 addict cases with detailed life experiences. Two structurally distinct groups were identified among the addicts. The impoverished descender addicts, struggling with much frustration in the disadvantaged situations, are associated with the class-based drug initiation patterns. Meanwhile, the affluent upstart addicts, gaining easy money with the traditional moral commitment left behind, are related to the consumer-based pathways to drug abuse. Moreover, these distinct addicts have commonalities in contemporary Chinese contexts. At the macro level, they fail to adapt themselves to the rapid structural transition process in both the material and spiritual ways, and thus are lost into the drug-related deviant social positions with weakening social controls and exposure to deviant peers. These findings further indicate the complex associations among deviant social consequences, social classes, and socio-structural changes in historical process.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"135 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1834379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46268445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To mask or not to mask amid the COVID-19 pandemic: how Chinese students in America experience and cope with stigma","authors":"Ying-jeou Ma, N. Zhan","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1833712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1833712","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chinese students in the U.S. are confronted with the double jeopardy of virus and stigma amid the COVID19. This study focuses on their choice and impact of mask wearing during this pandemic. How do they navigate and negotiate the troubling and contradictory directives about masks coming from their home and host countries during this pandemic? What are the impacts of their experiences on their attitudes towards the American society? Drawing from stigma theory, we argue that what Chinese students experience when it comes to mask wearing is an exemplar of how stigma is socially constructed by power. Through 30 semi-structured and in-depth phone interviews with Chinese students, we find that Chinese students cope with such stigma through various mechanisms, and most notably, through the counter-narrative of discrediting the American mainstream belief in the usage of masks. However, they harbored these thoughts privately. In addition, we conclude that escalating geo-political tensions between the U.S. and China, coupled with the lack of social integration of Chinese students in America, will continue to alienate them, despite the subsequent destigmatization of mask-wearing in America.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1833712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43491572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social capital and COVID-19: a multidimensional and multilevel approach","authors":"Cary Wu","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1814139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1814139","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Growing evidence suggests that outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic are better handled in places where social capital is high. Less clear, however, are the channels through which social capital makes communities better able to respond to outbreaks. In this article I develop a multidimensional and multilevel approach that compares the potential dissimilar effects of social capital in different forms and at different levels. As social capital in different forms and at different levels can affect social outcomes through distinctive means, such an approach can help detect the processes underlying how social capital works. I illustrate this new approach by analyzing data from a survey I conducted in late April 2020 in China’s Hubei province as well as data from the most recent World Values Survey (WVS, 2016–2020). Results suggest that social capital affects COVID-19 response mainly through facilitating collective actions and promoting public acceptance of and compliance with control measures in the form of trust and norms at the individual level. Social capital can also help mobilize resources in the form of networks at the community level. In an authoritarian context, compliance with control measures relies more on people’s trust in their political institutions, less on trust in each other.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"27 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1814139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47807150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human mobility restrictions and inter-provincial migration during the COVID-19 crisis in China","authors":"Angran Li, Zhen Liu, Mengsha Luo, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1821183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1821183","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The governmental responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including the approach, interventions, and their associated effectiveness, vary across social, cultural, political, and institutional contexts. In China, the Wuhan lockdown significantly reduced the transmission of COVID-19 throughout the country. Chinese central and local governments’ responses to disease containment and mitigation were uniform in policymaking but implemented differently across local governing contexts. This study examines the variation in the effects of human mobility restrictions on inter-provincial migration flow during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The results show that mobility restrictions reduced the inter-provincial in-migration flow by 63%, and the out-migration flow by 62% from late January to early May in 2020, but the effects varied significantly across provinces. Further, the negative effects of mobility restrictions on province’s outflow migration were greater in provinces where local governments had higher levels of social media involvement, greater public security spending, and longer duration of first-level response to public health emergencies. The finding provides important insights for understanding China’s local governmental responses to mobility restrictions and their effects on the spread of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"87 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1821183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48486419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can neighborhoods protect residents from mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence from Wuhan","authors":"Jia Miao, Donglin Zeng, Zhilei Shi","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1820860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1820860","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Neighborhoods have begun to play an increasingly prominent role in shaping mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because residents are spending more time at home and in their immediate neighborhoods. Using data collected from 3,031 urban residents during the COVID-19 lockdown of Wuhan, China’s earliest epicenter, this study investigates the relationship between neighborhoods’ social infrastructure and residents’ mental distress. Results of structural equation modeling estimation reveal that services provided by urban residents’ committees (cheng shi ju wei hui) and volunteer groups significantly decrease the adverse impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on residents’ mental health in a Chinese context, and social cohesion is one of the mechanisms underpinning this influence. Residents’ committees and volunteer groups are found to increase their support when neighborhoods are facing an escalated level of COVID-19 risk. The residents who receive more support from their neighborhood organizations perceive a higher level of social cohesion and experience less mental distress. The findings suggest that mobilizing neighborhoods’ organizational resources and fostering social cohesion are crucial strategies to minimizing residents’ mental distress during COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1820860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46405977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How did Wuhan residents cope with a 76-day lockdown?","authors":"Yue Qian, Amy Hanser","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1820319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1820319","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wuhan, the original epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak, was under strict lockdown for 76 days. We conducted 30 in-depth interviews to understand Wuhan residents’ lived experiences of lockdown life. We found that despite strong emotions initially, Wuhan residents quickly adapted to life under unprecedented lockdown. We identified three pre-existing structures that facilitated the effective implementation of the massive lockdown: ready-made containment units offered by urban “gated” housing, a comprehensive grassroots governance network coordinated by shequ (community residence committees), and the ubiquitous WeChat app in Chinese daily life. We also showed that the pre-existing structures provided space for uncontentious self-organizing, grassroots mobilization, and civic engagement that often dove-tailed with state-mandated measures. This study details the resources Wuhan residents drew upon to get by during the lockdown, and it illustrates that the feasibility of lockdown measures relies heavily on a society’s structural and institutional conditions.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"55 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1820319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46936422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethnic disparities in labor market outcomes among migrant populations in China: a study of thirteen minority groups and the Han","authors":"Zhen Li","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1817733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1817733","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using pooled data from the 2013–2017 National Migrant Dynamics Monitoring Survey, this study examines whether and how migrants from 13 large ethnic minority groups are disadvantaged in the labor market relative to Han migrants. Results show that except for the sizable ethnic penalty paid by Uyghurs, minority-majority differences in monthly income are either small or not statistically significant. In the attainment of professional and managerial jobs, Hui and Uyghur migrants are disadvantaged relative to the Han, while others show an advantage over or no difference from the Han migrants. Further analysis shows that popular inter-provincial destinations tend to be more beneficial for minority migrants than intra-provincial destinations in terms of monthly income, but more disadvantaged in terms of occupational attainment. Moreover, in most cases, the moderating effect of education on the relationship between ethnicity and labor market outcomes is either negative or insignificant.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"285 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1817733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44153184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructing soft masculinity: Christian conversion and gendered experience among young Chinese Christian men in Beijing","authors":"Wonji Yoo","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1799347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1799347","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Considering the influence of religion on the gendered experiences of men, this article explores how “soft masculinity” is constructed among college-educated young Chinese Christian men in Beijing. This article argues that Christian conversion encourages Beijing’s young Christian men to embrace and achieve a relationship-oriented, emotion-centered, and humility-driven masculinity. As these young Chinese men convert to Protestant Christianity, they learn to express their emotions through crying and laughing, to build intimate relationships with God and Christian brothers and sisters, and to confess their weaknesses before others. New masculine virtues revolving around the ideas of emotionality, intimacy, and humility provide insight into how religious practices can be enacted to create soft Christian masculinity in a Chinese urban context in contrast to a more common hegemonic masculinity.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"52 1","pages":"539 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1799347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47155627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The lasting impact of parental migration on children’s behavioral outcomes: evidence from China","authors":"Zhijun Liu, Bo Zhou","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2020.1776604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2020.1776604","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For much of the past three decades, China has witnessed a dramatic and steady increase in internal migration and thus has a huge population of left-behind children. The impact of childhood left-behind experiences has been carefully studied, but research on the long-term effects of these experiences is generally lacking. Capitalizing on a study of migrant workers conducted in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions, we extend this line of research by examining how childhood experiences of being left behind by migrant parents affect the behaviors of adults. Our study shows that people with left-behind experiences (1) are more likely to work overtime, which could result from avoidance of close interpersonal interaction after work; (2) spend a larger part of their income on surfing the Internet, indicating that they prefer activities not involving direct contact with other people; and (3) occurring at different stages of life can have varied long-term impacts. This study not only echoes earlier studies on the relationship between family structure and children’s behavioral outcomes, but also provides substantial evidence of the long-term negative effect of childhood left-behind experiences on adults.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"52 1","pages":"438 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21620555.2020.1776604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44509182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}