Frontiers in insect science最新文献

{"title":"Lablab (<i>Lablab purpureus</i> L.) genotypes and field margin vegetation influence bean aphids and their natural enemies.","authors":"Joseph M Karimi, Jane G Nyaanga, Richard M S Mulwa, Joshua O Ogendo, Philip K Bett, Erick K Cheruiyot, Sarah E J Arnold, Steven R Belmain, Philip C Stevenson","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1328235","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1328235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lablab (<i>Lablab purpureus</i> L.) is an important food and livestock feed legume that can also enhance soil fertility. However, its production is limited by insect pests, notably the black bean aphid (<i>Aphis fabae</i>). The present field study was conducted to determine the difference in the contribution of lablab genotypes and natural field margin vegetation (FMV) to the abundance and diversity of natural enemies and the damage, incidence, and abundance of bean aphids. Eighteen lablab genotypes were planted in the presence or absence of FMV in a randomized complete block design experiment replicated four times. Data on aphid abundance, incidence, and severity of damage were collected at four growth stages of the crop. Lablab genotypes significantly influenced aphid incidence, suggesting some level of tolerance to aphid colonization. Findings showed that lablab genotypes were a significant influence on natural enemy species richness with no statistical difference for abundance and natural enemy species diversity. However, the genotypes did not vary significantly in their influence on the number of aphid natural enemies. FMV was associated with low bean aphid damage. Overall, the presence or absence of FMV did not influence the number of natural enemies caught on the crop. This concurs with recent work that shows a similar number of natural enemies with field margin plants but may reflect the reduced number of pest insects. Cropping seasons influenced aphid abundance and damage severity, with the populations developing at the early stages of lablab development and decreasing as the crop advanced. This pattern was similar both in the presence or absence of FMV. The findings of this study highlight the important contribution of crop genotype together with the presence of field margin species in the regulation of aphids and their natural enemies in lablab.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11240140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmer perceptions, knowledge, and management of fall armyworm in maize production in Uganda","authors":"Thomas Lapaka Odong, Isaac Obongo, Richard Ariong, Stella E. Adur, Stella A. Adumo, Denish Oyaro Onen, Bob I. Rwotonen, Michael H. Otim","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1345139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1345139","url":null,"abstract":"Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), fall armyworm (FAW), a polyphagous Noctuid pest, was first reported in Uganda in 2016. Farmers were trained to identify and manage the pest, but there was a lack of information on farmer knowledge, perceptions and practices deployed to control it. Therefore, we conducted a survey to assess maize farmers’ knowledge, perceptions and management of the pest during the invasion. We interviewed 1,289 maize farmers from 10 maize-growing agro-ecological zones (AEZ) of Uganda using well-structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using R version 4.2.3. The respondents faced many constraints, including pests, drought, poor soils and labor constraints. Among the pests, FAW was ranked by most (85%) of the respondents as the number one pest problem in maize, and some farmers reported having noticed it way back in 2014. By 2018, more than 90% of the farmers had seen or heard about FAW, and about 80% saw FAW in their fields. The most common FAW symptoms reported by maize farmers were windowing, near tunnel damage, and holes on the cobs. The developmental stages of FAW identified by farmers included eggs (10%), young larvae (78.7%), mature larvae (73.5%) and adult moths (6.7%). Insecticides were the major control tactic, although some farmers used plant extracts, hand-picking, sand, and ash. Farmers sourced information on FAW from various sources, including fellow farmers, radio/TV, extension agents, input dealers, print media, research and NGO extension. There is a need to package clear and uniform information for the farmers and to develop and promote a sustainable solution for FAW management, including harnessing biological control and cultural practices.","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Diet, nutrition and insect responses to environmental change.","authors":"C Ruth Archer, Christopher W Weldon","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1415809","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1415809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Acute imidacloprid exposure alters mitochondrial function in bumblebee flight muscle and brain.","authors":"Chloe Sargent, Brad Ebanks, Ian C W Hardy, T G Emyr Davies, Lisa Chakrabarti, Reinhard Stöger","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1415939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1415939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2021.765179.].</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11072180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turmeric shortens lifespan in houseflies.","authors":"Sophie Laurie, Leah Ainslie, Sharon Mitchell, Juliano Morimoto","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1376011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1376011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change poses a significant threat to food security and global public health with the increasing likelihood of insect pest outbreaks. Alternative ways to control insect populations, preferably using environmental-friendly compounds, are needed. Turmeric has been suggested as a natural insecticide with toxicity properties in some insect groups. However, empirical evidence of the effects of turmeric - and their interaction with other ecological factors such as diet - on insect survival has been limited. Here, we tested the effects of turmeric and its interactions with diets differing in protein source in the common housefly, <i>Musca domestica</i>. We found that turmeric shortened lifespan independent of diet and sex. Females in turmeric diets were heavier at death, which was likely driven by a combination of relatively lower rates of body mass loss during their lifetime and a higher percentage of water content at death. Each sex responded differently to the protein source in the diet, and the magnitude of the difference in lifespan between sexes were greatest in diets in which protein source was hydrolysed yeast; individuals from both sexes lived longest in sucrose-milk diets and shortest in diets with hydrolysed yeast. There was no evidence of an interaction between turmeric and diet, suggesting that the toxicity effects are independent of protein source in the diet. Given the seemingly opposing effects of turmeric in insects and mammals being uncovered in the literature, our findings provide further evidence in support of turmeric as a potential natural insecticide.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization, localization, and physiological roles of ITP and ITP-L in the mosquito, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>.","authors":"Farwa Sajadi, Jean-Paul V Paluzzi","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1374325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1374325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The insect ion transport peptide (ITP) and its alternatively spliced variant, ITP-like peptide (ITP-L), belong to the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family of peptides and are widely conserved among insect species. While limited, studies have characterized the ITP/ITP-L signaling system within insects, and putative functions including regulation of ion and fluid transport, ovarian maturation, and thirst/excretion have been proposed. Herein, we aimed to molecularly investigate <i>Itp</i> and <i>Itp-l</i> expression profiles in the mosquito, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, examine peptide immunolocalization and distribution within the adult central nervous system, and elucidate physiological roles for these neuropeptides. Transcript expression profiles of both <i>AedaeItp</i> and <i>AedaeItp-l</i> revealed distinct enrichment patterns in adults, with <i>AedaeItp</i> expressed in the brain and <i>AedaeItp-l</i> expression predominantly within the abdominal ganglia. Immunohistochemical analysis within the central nervous system revealed expression of <i>Aedae</i>ITP peptide in a number of cells in the brain and in the terminal ganglion. Comparatively, <i>Aedae</i>ITP-L peptide was localized solely within the pre-terminal abdominal ganglia of the central nervous system. Interestingly, prolonged desiccation stress caused upregulation of <i>AedaeItp</i> and <i>AedaeItp-l</i> levels in adult mosquitoes, suggesting possible functional roles in water conservation and feeding-related activities. RNAi-mediated knockdown of <i>AedaeItp</i> caused an increase in urine excretion, while knockdown of both <i>AedaeItp</i> and <i>AedaeItp-l</i> reduced blood feeding and egg-laying in females as well as hindered egg viability, suggesting roles in reproductive physiology and behavior. Altogether, this study identifies <i>Aedae</i>ITP and <i>Aedae</i>ITP-L as key pleiotropic hormones, regulating various critical physiological processes in the disease vector, <i>A. aegypti</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11035804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Forest insect invasions – risk mapping approaches and applications","authors":"Kishan R. Sambaraju, Vivek Srivastava, Brittany S. Barker, M. Keena, Michael D. Ormsby, Allan L. Carroll","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1378061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1378061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: New advances in understanding the regulation of appetite in insects","authors":"Christopher Mayack, Marion Le Gall, Kate Ihle","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1394092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1394092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation of <i>shibire</i> and <i>RpII215</i> temperature-sensitive lethal mutations between <i>Drosophila</i> and <i>Bactrocera tryoni</i>.","authors":"Thu N M Nguyen, Amanda Choo, Simon W Baxter","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1249103","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1249103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sterile insect technique can suppress and eliminate population outbreaks of the Australian horticultural pest, <i>Bactrocera tryoni</i>, the Queensland fruit fly. Sterile males mate with wild females that produce inviable embryos, causing population suppression or elimination. Current sterile insect releases are mixed sex, as the efficient removal of unrequired factory-reared females is not yet possible. In this paper, we assessed the known <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> temperature-sensitive embryonic lethal alleles <i>shibire</i> (G268D, <i>shi^ts1</i>) and <i>RNA polymerase II 215</i> (R977C, <i>RpII215^ts</i>) for potential use in developing <i>B. tryoni</i> genetic sexing strains (GSS) for the conditional removal of females. Complementation tests in <i>D. melanogaster</i> wild-type or temperature-sensitive genetic backgrounds were performed using the GAL4-UAS transgene expression system. A <i>B. tryoni</i> wild-type <i>shibire</i> isoform partially rescued <i>Drosophila</i> temperature lethality at 29°C by improving survivorship to pupation, while expressing <i>B. tryoni shi^ts1</i> failed to rescue the lethality, supporting a temperature-sensitive phenotype. Expression of the <i>B. tryoni RpII215</i> wild-type protein rescued the lethality of <i>D. melanogaster RpII215^ts</i> flies at 29°C. Overexpressing the <i>B. tryoni RpII215^ts</i> allele in the <i>D. melanogaster</i> wild-type background unexpectedly produced a dominant lethal phenotype at 29°C. The <i>B. tryoni shibire</i> and <i>RpII215</i> wild-type alleles were able to compensate, to varying degrees, for the function of the <i>D. melanogaster</i> temperature-sensitive proteins, supporting functional conservation across species. <i>Shibire</i> and <i>RpII215</i> hold potential for developing insect strains that can selectively kill using elevated temperatures; however, alleles with milder effects than <i>shi^ts1</i> will need to be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10926519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bt corn expressing <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Berliner insecticidal proteins on the growth and survival of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> larvae in Colombia.","authors":"Jairo Rodriguez-Chalarca, Sandra J Valencia, Alejandra Rivas-Cano, Francisco Santos-González, Diana Patricia Romero","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1268092","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1268092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioassays were conducted under controlled conditions to determine the response of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (J. E. Smith) larvae fed with corn materials expressing <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) insecticidal endotoxins: (1) VT Double Pro^® (VT2P) expressing Cry1A.105-Cry2Ab2 proteins and (2) VT Triple Pro^® (VT3P) expressing Cry1A.105-Cry2Ab2-Cry3Bb1 proteins. The parameters assessed were: (i) mortality rate, and (ii) growth inhibition (GI) with respect to the control. To conduct this study, larvae were collected from commercial non-Bt corn fields, in four agricultural sub-regions in Colombia, between 2018 and 2020. Fifty-two populations were assessed from the field and neonate larvae from each of the populations were used for the bioassays. The study found that mortality rates in the regions for larvae fed with VT2P corn ranged from 95.1 to 100.0%, with a growth inhibition (%GI) higher than 76.0%. Similarly, mortality rate for larvae fed with VT3P corn were between 91.4 and 100.0%, with a %GI above 74.0%. The population collected in Agua Blanca (Espinal, Tolima; Colombia) in 2020, showed the lowest mortality rate of 53.2% and a %GI of 73.5%, with respect to the control. The population that exhibited the lowest %GI was collected in 2018 in Agua Blanca (Espinal, Tolima, Colombia) with a 30.2%, growth inhibition, with respect to the control. In recent years, the use of plant tissue to monitor susceptibility to fall armyworm has proven to be useful in the resistance management program for corn in Colombia determining that the FAW populations are still susceptible to Bt proteins contained in VT2P and VT3P.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10926427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}