Frontiers in insect science最新文献

{"title":"A DNA-based approach to infer species diversity of larvae and adults from the white grub genus <i>Phyllophaga</i> (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae).","authors":"Ariel W Guzmán-Franco, Maribel Rivero-Borja, Antonio Marín-Jarillo, Fernando Tamayo-Mejía, Nayra Guzmán-Santillán, Tania Guzmán-Santillán","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1465794","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1465794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scarabaeoidea is a diverse and widely distributed insect group; many are agricultural pests including species within the genus <i>Phyllophaga</i>. Species diversity studies in this taxonomic group are done mainly using morphological identification. However, despite existing taxonomic keys for adults and larvae, identification may be difficult due to their complex morphology. Molecular taxonomy can increase the value and accuracy of morphological species identification of larvae and adults. To test this, larvae collected from soil close to maize plants were identified using molecular taxonomy, and compared with adults captured using light traps. The larvae (2021) and adults (2022) were sampled on maize at the same locations in central Mexico. Molecular identification was achieved using three regions within the Cytochrome oxidase gene (<i>cox</i>), two in the Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), Cytochrome b (CytB) and 28S rDNA. <i>Cox</i> gene information was more useful than nuclear information (28S). Combined morphological and molecular taxonomy of adults distinguished between seven <i>Phyllophaga</i> species. Although two closely related species, <i>P. polyphyla</i> and <i>P. ravida</i>, were distinguished using <i>cox</i> gene information, greater resolution was obtained using CytB. All analyses identified cryptic species within <i>P. vetula</i>. Species found amongst sampled adults were similar to those found amongst larvae. However, the number of species was greater in adults than in larvae at the same locations. Larval information showed <i>Phyllophaga</i> community structure changed over time. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of <i>Phyllophaga's</i> ecology in maize.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1465794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Oriental hornet, <i>Vespa orientalis</i> Linnaeus, 1771 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): diagnosis, potential distribution, and geometric morphometrics across its natural distribution range.","authors":"Allan H Smith-Pardo, Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra, P David Polly","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1384598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1384598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a short review of the biology, diagnostic characteristics, and invasiveness of the Oriental hornet, <i>Vespa orientalis</i>. We also performed an analysis of the shape of the forewings (geometric morphometrics) of different geographic groups along their native distribution and their potential geographical distribution using the MaxEnt entropy modeling. Our results show a wide potential expansion range of the species, including an increase in environmentally suitable areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa but more especially the Western Hemisphere, where the species was recently introduced. The geometric morphometric analysis of the forewings shows that there are three different morphogroups: one distributed along the Mediterranean coast of Europe and the Middle East (MEDI), another along the Arabian Peninsula and Western Asia but excluding the Mediterranean coast (MEAS), and one more in northern Africa north of the Sahara and south of the Mediterranean coast (AFRI), all of which show differences in their potential distribution as a result of the pressure from the different environments and which will also determine the capacity of the different morphogroups to successfully invade new habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1384598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and fixed-precision sequential sampling plans for <i>Popillia japonica</i> (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) adults in primocane raspberry: influence of foliar insecticides.","authors":"Adam G Toninato, Eric C Burkness, William D Hutchison","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1465829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1465829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japanese beetle, <i>Popillia japonica</i> Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), an invasive species from northern Japan, was first detected in Minnesota in 1968. According to fruit growers and the Minnesota Department of Agriculture, population size and feeding damage has been an increasing concern since 2010. Based on trap-catch data, populations have recently exceeded 4,000 beetles/trap/week during July-August near raspberry fields, and can increase by an order of magnitude within 7-10 days. The primary goals of this study were to assess the spatial distribution of <i>P. japonica</i> adults in raspberry, and to develop and validate a practical fixed-precision sequential sampling plan for grower use. Taylor's Power Law (TPL) regression was used to characterize the beetle's spatial pattern in research plots and commercial fields, either with or without insecticide applications. We then used Green's plan to develop an enumerative sequential sampling plan to estimate <i>P. japonica</i> density in primocane raspberry. Beetle population data were collected at two locations in southern Minnesota, including the Rosemount Research and Outreach Center, and a commercial field near Forest Lake. The TPL results, via slope comparisons, indicated no significant differences in <i>P. japonica</i> spatial pattern between insecticide treated plots versus untreated plots, or among 4 different insecticides (P>0.05). Utilizing all spatial pattern data, we characterized the distribution of <i>P. japonica</i> beetles to be highly aggregated in raspberry, with TPL slopes ranging from b = 1.38 to 1.55; all slopes were found to be >1.0. Although the slopes were not significantly different, we accounted for variability in spatial pattern by using 33 independent data sets, and the Resampling for Validation of Sampling Plans (RVSP) model to validate a sampling plan with a final average precision level of 0.25 (SEM/mean), recommended for integrated pest management (IPM) purposes. The final sampling plan required an average sample number of only 15, 1-m-row samples, while providing high relative net precision (RNP), and thus a cost-effective, efficient sample plan for growers.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1465829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11479985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Rising stars in insect physiology.","authors":"Peter M Piermarini, Nicholas M Teets","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1483760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1483760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1483760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context-specific variation in life history traits and behavior of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquitoes.","authors":"Clément Vinauger, Karthikeyan Chandrasegaran","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1426715","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1426715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aedes aegypti</i>, the vector for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika, poses a growing global epidemiological risk. Despite extensive research on <i>Ae. aegypti</i>'s life history traits and behavior, critical knowledge gaps persist, particularly in integrating these findings across varied experimental contexts. The plasticity of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>'s traits throughout its life cycle allows dynamic responses to environmental changes, yet understanding these variations within heterogeneous study designs remains challenging. A critical aspect often overlooked is the impact of using lab-adapted lines of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>, which may have evolved under laboratory conditions, potentially altering their life history traits and behavioral responses compared to wild populations. Therefore, incorporating field-derived populations in experimental designs is essential to capture the natural variability and adaptability of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>. The relationship between larval growing conditions and adult traits and behavior is significantly influenced by the specific context in which mosquitoes are studied. Laboratory conditions may not replicate the ecological complexities faced by wild populations, leading to discrepancies in observed traits and behavior. These discrepancies highlight the need for ecologically relevant experimental conditions, allowing mosquito traits and behavior to reflect field distributions. One effective approach is semi-field studies involving field-collected mosquitoes housed for fewer generations in the lab under ecologically relevant conditions. This growing trend provides researchers with the desired control over experimental conditions while maintaining the genetic diversity of field populations. By focusing on variations in life history traits and behavioral plasticity within these varied contexts, this review highlights the intricate relationship between larval growing conditions and adult traits and behavior. It underscores the significance of transstadial effects and the necessity of adopting study designs and reporting practices that acknowledge plasticity in adult traits and behavior, considering variations due to larval rearing conditions. Embracing such approaches paves the way for a comprehensive understanding of contextual variations in mosquito life history traits and behavior. This integrated perspective enables the synthesis of research findings across laboratory, semi-field, and field-based investigations, which is crucial for devising targeted intervention strategies tailored to specific ecological contexts to combat the health threat posed by this formidable disease vector effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1426715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abundance and diversity of cotton insect pests under repeatedly cultivated cotton fields of Tanzania.","authors":"Madama Benjamin, Gration M Rwegasira","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1385653","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1385653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cotton production in Tanzania is facing significant challenges due to insect pests that cause extensive damages to the crop. The most notable pests include the African bollworm (<i>Heliothis armigera</i> Hubner), Spiny bollworm (<i>Earias biplaga</i> Walker), Cotton stainers (<i>Dysdercus sidae</i> (Herrich-Schaeffer), Cotton Aphids (<i>Aphis gossypii</i> Glover), Thrips (<i>Thrips tabaci</i> Lindeman), Jassids (<i>Amrasca biguttula</i>, Bigutula), Leafhoppers (<i>Cicadellidae jassidae</i>), and Whiteflies (<i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn). If left uncontrolled, these pests can cause up to 60% damage to the crop. Despite the importance of cotton and the fact that most of these pests are endemic, there are scanty knowledge on the dynamics and distribution of cotton pests across the seasons of the year and crop's phenological growth stages (germination, vegetative growth, flowering and boll formation) in areas under repeated cultivation of the crop in Tanzania. Here we report on the influence of seasons and cotton's phenological stages on the abundance, diversity, distribution and richness of cotton insect pests.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in the Misungwi district for two cotton-growing seasons, using the UKM08 cotton variety. Stick traps and handpicking methods were deployed in catching the cotton insect pests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, a total of 8,500 insect specimen of diverse families and species were collected every season. The four dominant species among the collected were <i>Aphis gossypii</i> (17.37%), <i>Amrasca biguttula</i> (11.42%), <i>Nezara viridura</i> (10.7%), and <i>Bemisia tabacci</i> (10.68%). Both cotton phenological growth stages and seasons significantly (<i>p</i><0.05) influenced the abundance, diversity, distribution and richness of cotton insect pests. In particular, the phenological growth stage 3 exhibited greater diversity of insect pests. The pests' distribution patterns remained relatively uniform across the crop growth stages.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings from the present study could contribute to developing sustainable pest management strategies in areas under repeated cotton production in Tanzania and elsewhere.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1385653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature and storage duration on quality of an insect artificial diet.","authors":"Khanh-Van Ho, Bruce E Hibbard, Michael G Vella, Kent S Shelby, Man P Huynh","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1475411","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1475411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial diets are widely used to produce insects for research and education programs. Completed diets, in which the diets are fully made from individual ingredients and ready to use, often have high water activity, making them vulnerable to degradation. Proper storage is critical to maintaining diet quality, yet the storage conditions are not well investigated. In this study, we characterized the effects of storage conditions (temperatures and storage duration) on the quality of a diet capable of rearing both specialist and generalist insect species. The completed diet, produced by both private industry and a USDA-Agricultural Research Service laboratory, was exposed to varying temperatures during a 24-hour transit over 1600 km. After transit, it was stored at 4°C for a total storage period of 28 days. In a separate experiment, the completed diet was stored immediately after diet production at five fixed temperatures (-20, 4, 22, 25, and 33°C) for up to 28 days. For both experiments, at 5 intervals after storage (1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days), diet quality was accessed by life history parameters (survival, molting, and weight) of western corn rootworm (<i>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</i> LeConte) larvae, the most serious maize pest in the United States. Our results showed that exposure to varying temperatures between -2°C and 27°C for 24 hours had no significant impact on diet quality. However, extended storage (beyond 24 hours) at any of the fixed temperatures negatively affected diet quality. Insects reared on diets stored for over 24 hours at fixed temperatures ranging from -20°C to 33°C had significant declines in performance. Among the tested temperatures, -20°C and 4°C were found to be the most effective for preserving diet quality. At these low temperatures, there were no significant changes in insect weight and survival for diets stored within 21 and 28 days, respectively, though molting was significantly reduced within 7 days of storage. These findings provide the base of information on the storage conditions for completed diets, supporting the production of healthy insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1475411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential uses of silkworm pupae (<i>Bombyx mori</i> L.) in food, feed, and other industries: a systematic review.","authors":"Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Ortiz, Carlos A Hincapié, Gustavo Adolfo Hincapié-Llanos, Marisol Osorio","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1445636","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1445636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing pressures imposed on ecosystems by the growing needs of the human population are stimulus for research into innovative and unconventional sources of raw materials for different industries. This systematic review was carried out to investigate the available literature on the possible industrial uses of silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i> L.) pupae, a residue of silk production. The review was conducted using an adapted version of PRISMA. After a screening process, 105 articles were obtained and subjected to a detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis. It was found that in the last decade there has been a significant increase in the number of papers devoted to the study of the potential use of silkworm pupae in different applications, with a significantly higher number in the last three years of the scope of this review, indicating a growing interest in the subject. From the analysis of the information collected, promising uses in human and animal food, such as fish, mammalian, poultry, swine and companion animals, as well as potential uses for the pharmaceutical industry, were identified. The evaluated research identified compounds with antioxidant activity and important contents of unsaturated fatty acids, which are related to beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, diabetes control, reduction of the risk of developing certain types of cancer and inflammatory activity, among other benefits. One of the most relevant findings is that many studies report a significant concentration of α-linolenic acid in silkworm pupae oil, which is attributed with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-obesity and neuroprotective properties, among others.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1445636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA modifications in insects.","authors":"Yaoyu Jiao, Subba Reddy Palli","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1448766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2024.1448766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 100 RNA chemical modifications to cellular RNA have been identified. <i>N</i> ⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most prevalent modification of mRNA. RNA modifications have recently attracted significant attention due to their critical role in regulating mRNA processing and metabolism. tRNA and rRNA rank among the most heavily modified RNAs, and their modifications are essential for maintaining their structure and function. With our advanced understanding of RNA modifications, increasing evidence suggests RNA modifications are important in regulating various aspects of insect life. In this review, we will summarize recent studies investigating the impact of RNA modifications in insects, particularly highlighting the role of m⁶A in insect development, reproduction, and adaptation to the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1448766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen on male and female <i>Aedes albopictus</i> reproductive fitness.","authors":"Sri Jyosthsna Kancharlapalli, Corey L Brelsfoard","doi":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1430422","DOIUrl":"10.3389/finsc.2024.1430422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Control of the mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> is confounded by its behavior due to females preferring to oviposition in small natural and artificial containers that are often difficult to remove or treat with insecticides. Autodissemination strategies utilizing highly potent insect growth regulators (IGRs) have emerged as promising tools for the control of this container-inhabiting species. The intended goal of autodissemination approaches is to use mosquitoes to self-deliver an IGR to these cryptic oviposition locations. Previous studies have focused on the efficacy of these approaches to impact natural populations, but little focus has been placed on the impacts on mosquitoes when exposed to non-lethal doses of IGRs similar to the levels they would be exposed to with autodissemination approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen (PPF) on the reproductive fitness of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> was investigated. Female and male <i>Ae. albopictus</i> mosquitoes were exposed to non-lethal doses of PPF and their fecundity and fertility were measured. To examine the impact of non-lethal doses of PPF, the expression of the ecdysone-regulated genes <i>USP</i>, <i>HR3</i>, and <i>Vg</i>, which are involved in vitellogenesis, was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in female fecundity and in the blood feeding and egg hatching rates upon exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF. Oocyte development was also delayed in PPF-treated females. Furthermore, exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF altered the expression of the genes involved in vitellogenesis, indicating disruption of hormonal regulation. Interestingly, PPF exposure also reduced the sperm production in males, suggesting a potential semi-sterilization effect.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that non-lethal doses of PPF could enhance the efficacy of autodissemination approaches by impacting the reproductive fitness of both males and females. However, further research is needed to validate these laboratory findings in field settings and to assess their practical implications for vector control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":517424,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in insect science","volume":"4 ","pages":"1430422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}